Evaluation of the Anti-Bacterial Activity of a Novel Chelate-Setting Apatite Cement Containing Lactoferrin

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Ohsugi ◽  
Yuri Habuto ◽  
Michiyo Honda ◽  
Mamoru Aizawa ◽  
Nobuyuki Kanzawa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Osteoblastic Cells ◽  
Inositol Hexaphosphate ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Apatite Cement ◽  
Surface Modified

We have developed a chelate-setting apatite cement. Synthesized hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders surface-modified with inositol hexaphosphate (IP6-HAp powder) were set by chelate-bonding with inositol hexaphosphate (IP6). Our aim is to fabricate IP6-HAp cement with anti-bacterial activity by adding lactoferrin (LF). It is known that LF has both anti-bacterial and osteoinductive activity. Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli were used to examine the effect of LF on biofilm formation and localization of living and dead cells. In addition, the cell viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells was determined. Our results show that the anti-bacterial activity of LF is not due to a bactericidal effect but to the inhibition of bacterial adhesion to surfaces. Furthermore, LF cement did not affect cell proliferation. Thus, LF cement is a candidate for bifunctional biomaterials having both anti-bacterial and osteo-conductive activity.

Escherichia coli tol and rcs genes participate in the complex network affecting curli synthesis

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 151 (7) ◽  
pp. 2487-2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Vianney ◽  
Grégory Jubelin ◽  
Sophie Renault ◽  
Corine Dorel ◽  
Philippe Lejeune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dominant Effect ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli

Curli are necessary for the adherence of Escherichia coli to surfaces, and to each other, during biofilm formation, and the csgBA and csgDEFG operons are both required for their synthesis. A recent survey of gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms has identified tolA as a gene activated in biofilms. The tol genes play a fundamental role in maintaining the outer-membrane integrity of Gram-negative bacteria. RcsC, the sensor of the RcsBCD phosphorelay, is involved, together with RcsA, in colanic acid capsule synthesis, and also modulates the expression of tolQRA and csgDEFG. In addition, the RcsBCD phosphorelay is activated in tol mutants or when Tol proteins are overexpressed. These results led the authors to investigate the role of the tol genes in biofilm formation in laboratory and clinical isolates of E. coli. It was shown that the adherence of cells was lowered in the tol mutants. This could be the result of a drastic decrease in the expression of the csgBA operon, even though the expression of csgDEFG was slightly increased under such conditions. It was also shown that the Rcs system negatively controls the expression of the two csg operons in an RcsA-dependent manner. In the tol mutants, activation of csgDEFG occurred via OmpR and was dominant upon repression by RcsB and RcsA, while these two regulatory proteins repressed csgBA through a dominant effect on the activator protein CsgD, thus affecting curli synthesis. The results demonstrate that the Rcs system, previously known to control the synthesis of the capsule and the flagella, is an additional component involved in the regulation of curli. Furthermore, it is shown that the defect in cell motility observed in the tol mutants depends on RcsB and RcsA.

scholarly journals Aryl Rhodanines Specifically Inhibit Staphylococcal and Enterococcal Biofilm Formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 4357-4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Opperman ◽  
Steven M. Kwasny ◽  
John D. Williams ◽  
Atiyya R. Khan ◽  
Norton P. Peet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are the leading causative agents of indwelling medical device infections because of their ability to form biofilms on artificial surfaces. Here we describe the antibiofilm activity of a class of small molecules, the aryl rhodanines, which specifically inhibit biofilm formation of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, and E. gallinarum but not the gram-negative species Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Escherichia coli. The aryl rhodanines do not exhibit antibacterial activity against any of the bacterial strains tested and are not cytotoxic against HeLa cells. Preliminary mechanism-of-action studies revealed that the aryl rhodanines specifically inhibit the early stages of biofilm development by preventing attachment of the bacteria to surfaces.

scholarly journals Vancomycin Bonded to Bone Grafts Prevents Bacterial Colonization

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Ketonis ◽  
Stephanie Barr ◽  
Christopher S. Adams ◽  
Irving M. Shapiro ◽  
Javad Parvizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bone Allografts ◽  
Covalently Bonded ◽  
Modified Surface

ABSTRACTInfection is an important medical problem associated with the use of bone allografts. To retard bacterial colonization, we have recently reported on the modification of bone allografts with the antibiotic vancomycin (VAN). In this report, we examine the ability of this antibiotic-modified allograft to resist bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. When antibiotic was coupled to the allograft, a uniform distribution of the antibiotic was apparent. Following challenges withStaphylococcus aureusfor 6 h, the covalently bonded VAN decreased colonization as a function of inoculum, ranging from 0.8 to 2.0 log10CFU. Furthermore, the VAN-modified surface resisted biofilm formation, even in topographical niches that provide a protected environment for bacterial adhesion. Attachment of the antibiotic to the allograft surface was robust, and the bonded VAN was stable whether incubated in aqueous media or in air, maintaining levels of 75 to 100% of initial levels over 60 days. While the VAN-modified allograft inhibited the Gram-positiveS. aureuscolonization, in keeping with VAN′s spectrum of activity, the VAN-modified allograft was readily colonized by the Gram-negativeEscherichia coli. Finally, initial toxicity measures indicated that the VAN-modified allograft did not influence osteoblast colonization or viability. Since the covalently tethered antibiotic is stable, is active, retains its specificity, and does not exhibit toxicity, it is concluded that this modified allograft holds great promise for decreasing bone graft-associated infections.

Novel Surface Coatings Modulating Eukaryotic Cell Adhesion and Preventing Implant Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÜRGEN Groll ◽  
JÖRG Fiedler ◽  
Kristina Bruellhoff ◽  
Martin Moeller ◽  
Rolf E. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Organic Coating ◽  
Surface Coatings ◽  
Osteoblastic Cells ◽  
Orthopedic Implant ◽  
Small Peptide ◽  
Implant Infection

Poor osseointegration and bacterial infection are major causes of orthopedic implant failure. Both problems arise from passive unspecific protein coating that may not optimally support adhesion of osteoblastic cells and which enable bacterial adhesion that subsequently results in biofilm formation. This review addresses emerging concepts of preventing unspecific protein adsorption and biofilm formation by organic coating systems. We especially focus on recent concepts that additionally allow functionalization for preferential cell adhesion using cell adhesion mediating small peptide sequences that do not induce bacterial adherence. One promising approach that is presented and discussed within this context is the use of NCO-sP(EO-stat-PO).

scholarly journals Nanocomposites with ornidazole—antibacterial and antiadhesive agents against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3193-3203
Author(s):  
I. Furtat ◽  
M. Lupatsii ◽  
T. Murlanova ◽  
P. Vakuliuk ◽  
A. Gaidai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Antimicrobial Spectrum ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Index Index ◽  
Adhesion Index

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance of many microbial species can cause to thousands of deaths worldwide, in this regard new therapeutic strategies have to be invented. To address the question, we have prepared nanocomposites on the basis of pyrogenic silicon dioxide with ornidazole immobilized on the surface (ornidasil) and studied their antimicrobial properties and the therapeutic potential. It has also been shown, that in comparison with pure ornidazole the addition of ornidazole to nanocomposite composition can enhance the antimicrobial spectrum, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The most significant bactericidal effect has been reached after more than 24-h treatment with the nanocomposite. Antiadhesive properties of nanocomposite materials were studied using blood types OO+, AO+, BO+, AB+, the degree of bacterial adhesion was estimated using three indexes: average adhesion index, index of erythrocytes involvement, index of microbial adhesion. The effectiveness of the treatment with the nanocomposites obtained was studied on complicated wounds of various etiologies, in particular the wounds caused by diabetic foot syndrome.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation with Surface Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Flockton ◽  
Logan Schnorbus ◽  
Agustin Araujo ◽  
Jill Adams ◽  
Maryjane Hammel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Surface Modified

The gram-negative bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a prominent clinical concern. Due to the observed high levels of antibiotic resistance, copious biofilm formation, and wide array of virulence factors produced by these bacteria, new treatment technologies are required. Here, we present the development of a series of P. aeruginosa LecA-targeted polymeric nanoparticles and demonstrate the anti-adhesion and biofilm inhibitory properties of these constructs.

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Saponins Extract of Trianthema portulacastrum

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-670
Author(s):  
Gani Sharmila Banu ◽  
Ganesan Kumar ◽  
Palaniappan Umamagesh ◽  
Subramanian Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes

The saponin extract of Trianthema portulacastrum were screened for anti-bacterial activity against three pathogenic microbes; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The extract inhibited the growth of the S. aureus. It was concluded that the saponins have inhibitory effect on gram-positive organism but not on gram negative organism and the fungi.

scholarly journals Slow Release of Nitric Oxide from Charged Catheters and Its Effect on Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilly Regev-Shoshani ◽  
Mary Ko ◽  
Chris Miller ◽  
Yossef Av-Gay
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Bacterial Concentration

ABSTRACT Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is the most prevalent cause of nosocomial infections. Bacteria associated with biofilm formation play a key role in the morbidity and pathogenesis of these infections. Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally produced free radical with proven bactericidal effect. In this study, Foley urinary catheters were impregnated with gaseous NO. The catheters demonstrated slow release of nitric oxide over a 14-day period. The charged catheters were rendered antiseptic, and as such, were able to prevent bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on their luminal and exterior surfaces. In addition, we observed that NO-impregnated catheters were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli within the surrounding media, demonstrating the ability to eradicate a bacterial concentration of up to 104 CFU/ml.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection Risk Assessment By Non- Thermal Plasma In Iraqis Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ubaid Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Plasma Needle ◽  
Uroepithelial Cells ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma

Background: In the present study used device jet plasma needle with atmospheric pressure which  generates non thermal plasma jet to measure treatment potent with plasma against pathogenic bacteria  founded  in UTI  was inactivated with plasma at 10 sec, Objective:. This work included the application of the plasma produced from the system in the field of bacterial sterilization , where sample of Gram- negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) were exposed to intervals (1-10)second . Midstream Urine samples swabs were obtained from patients with urinary tract infections. Type of the study: Cross -sectional study. Methods: The work were used in this study  obtained from studying 100 urine samples, the age of patients ranged between 10 years to 60 years. They were 60 females and 40 males. These samples were cultured on culture media to isolate bacterial colonies .After that, bacteria were identified by means of highly specific investigations Escherichia coli, plasma needle treatment is applied on bacteria through sterilization,  and adhesion. Results : It was found that the percentage of the killing of Gram-negative bacteria (E.coli) was 100% at (10) second, also decreasing bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells, where  numbers  adhesion bacterial with uroepithelial cells  decrease after treatment with plasma needle . Conclusion : From this work, it has been observed that applied voltage ,distance between plasma needle and treatment model as well as  time  treatment effect on inactivation bacteria and sterilization ,also it effect on decreasing bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells, where  numbers  adhesion bacterial with uroepithelial cells  decrease after treatment with plasma needle .

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