Durability in Antimicrobial Effects of Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite Depending on the Synthesis Route

2004 ◽  
Vol 449-452 ◽  
pp. 1233-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Sik Oh ◽  
Sang Hoon Park ◽  
Young Keun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
Release Behavior ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Synthesis Route ◽  
The Difference

Ag doped Hydroxyapatites (Ag-HAp) was prepared through either ion exchange or coprecipitation to compare the durability of antimicrobial effect. In case of ion exchanged Ag-HAp, the microbials reproliferated after 100 h, in spite of the rapid reduction of E.Coli during the initial moment. On the contrary, coprecipitated Ag-HAp effectively suppressed the reproliferation until 1000 h. The difference in durability depending on synthesis route was analysed with respect to the amount of silver released at each interval. In case of ion exchanged Ag-HAp, more than 60% of overall silver was released during initial 10 minitues. On the contrary, coprecipitated Ag-HAp released less than 40% of overall silver during the same period, meaning the comparatively uniform release behavior.

Note. Antimicrobial Effect of Pressurized Carbon Dioxide on Yersinia enterocolitica in Broth and Foods

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Erkmen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
D Values ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
D Value

Antimicrobial effect of 15, 30 and 60 atm CO 2 pressures was studied on Yersinia enterocolitica at 25, 35 and 45 °C. Two stages were observed in the destruction curves. The earlier stage was characterized by a slow rate of inactivation in number of Y. enterocolitica, which increased sharply at the later stage. An increase of pressure and/or temperature enhanced the antimicrobial effects of CO 2. The D values of 6.1 and 4.9 min were obtained for Y. enterocolitica at 45 °C under 15 and 30 atm CO 2 pressure, respectively, while only 1.3 min D value was found at 60 atm. A rapid and significant ( p < 0.05) reduction was obtained in the number of Y. enterocolitica at treated pressures and temperatures. Pressure, temperature, exposure time, and the suspending medium influenced the inactivation rates of Y. enterocolitica.

scholarly journals Isolation and antimicrobial effects of endophytic fungi from Edgeworthia chrysantha

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Chuanfeng Ruan ◽  
Xuelian Bai
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Staphyloccocus Aureus

<p>Ten fungal strains isolated from <em>Edgeworthia chrysantha</em>, one of traditional medicinal plants in China, were evaluated their antimicrobial activities against three human pathogens, <em>Escherichia coli, Staphyloccocus aureus and Candida albicans</em>, and two phytopathogens, <em>Rhizoctonia cerealis</em> and <em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</em>. The results indicated that most ethyl acetate extracts of fermentation broth of these fungal endophytes had stronger antimicrobial activities than their fermentation broth. Among these endophytic strains, both fermentation broth and the ethyl acetate extract of strain D showed the strongest inhibitory effects on all pathogens. Strains 5-19 and BZ also exhibited potent antibacterial activities. However, other strains had weak or no antimicrobial effect. This was the first report on the isolation and antimicrobial effects of endophytic fungi from <em>E. chrysantha</em>.   </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Multiple Antimicrobial Effects of Hybrid Peptides Synthesized Based on the Sequence of Ribosomal S1 Protein from Staphylococcus aureus

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 524
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kravchenko ◽  
Pavel A. Domnin ◽  
Sergei Y. Grishin ◽  
Alexander V. Panfilov ◽  
Viacheslav N. Azev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptide ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Bacterial Proteins ◽  
Hybrid Peptides ◽  
Successful Approach

The need to develop new antimicrobial peptides is due to the high resistance of pathogenic bacteria to traditional antibiotics now and in the future. The creation of synthetic peptide constructs is a common and successful approach to the development of new antimicrobial peptides. In this work, we use a simple, flexible, and scalable technique to create hybrid antimicrobial peptides containing amyloidogenic regions of the ribosomal S1 protein from Staphylococcus aureus. While the cell-penetrating peptide allows the peptide to enter the bacterial cell, the amyloidogenic site provides an antimicrobial effect by coaggregating with functional bacterial proteins. We have demonstrated the antimicrobial effects of the R23F, R23DI, and R23EI hybrid peptides against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus. R23F, R23DI, and R23EI can be used as antimicrobial peptides against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria resistant to traditional antibiotics.

scholarly journals Calcium Exchange and Contraction Strength of Guinea Pig Atrium in Normal and Hypertonic Media

1969 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Little ◽  
William W. Sleator
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Peak Tension ◽  
Guinea Pig Atrium ◽  
Calcium Exchange ◽  
The Difference

A Krebs-Henseleit (KH) medium made hypertonic by adding nonpermeant molecules substantially increased the isometric peak tension at steady-state contractions below 3 per sec in guinea pig atrium at 27°C. Action potential durations were decreased. KH plus 100 mM raffinose or sucrose resulted in similar and nearly maximal changes which were essentially reversible upon return to normal KH. When one active contracting atrium was used to passively stretch a second atrium, the difference in Ca ion exchange (1 min exchange with the extracellular space) between active and stretched atria significantly increased at 1 per sec and at 2 per sec in going from normal to 100 mM hypertonic KH. The calculated mean Ca ion cellular exchange per beat per 100 g of cells (a) doubled in changing from normal to 100 mM hypertonic KH, and (b) decreased slightly in changing from contractions of 1 per sec to 2 per sec in normal KH. These data are consistent with the hypothesis (a) that Ca ion entry per beat from the extracellular space is proportional to membrane depolarized time with a constant medium and a steady-state condition, and the hypothesis (b) that 100 mM hypertonicity doubles the Ca ion entry rate during depolarization. These data enable rejection of the hypothesis that the peak tension is proportional to the Ca ion entry per beat from the extracellular space under steady-state conditions, and suggest that any additional Ca ion involved in the larger contractions at higher frequencies comes from an increase in Ca ion available from intracellular stores.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects of Three Different Treatment Modalities on Dental Implant Surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav I. Larsen ◽  
Morten Enersen ◽  
Anne Karin Kristoffersen ◽  
Ann Wennerberg ◽  
Dagmar F. Bunæs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

Resolution of peri-implant inflammation and re-osseointegration of peri-implantitis affected dental implants seem to be dependent on bacterial decontamination. The aims of the study were to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of 3 different instrumentations on a micro-textured dental implant surface contaminated with an avirulent or a virulent Porphyromonas gingivalis strain and to determine alterations to the implant surface following instrumentation. Forty-five dental implants (Straumann SLA) were allocated to 3 treatment groups: Er:YAG laser, chitosan brush, and titanium curette (10 implants each) and a positive (10 implants) and a negative (5 implants) control. Each treatment group and the positive control were split into subgroups of 5 implants subsequently contaminated with either the avirulent or virulent P. gingivalis strain. The antimicrobial effect of instrumentation was evaluated using checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Implant surface alterations were determined using a light interferometer. Instrumentation significantly reduced the number of attached P. gingivalis (P &lt; .001) with no significant differences among groups (P = .310). A significant overall higher median score was found for virulent compared with avirulent P. gingivalis strains (P = .007); the Er:YAG laser uniquely effective removing both bacterial strains. The titanium curette significantly altered the implant surface micro-texture. Neither the Er:YAG laser nor the chitosan brush significantly altered the implant surface. The 3 instrumentations appear to have a similar potential to remove P. gingivalis. The titanium curette significantly altered the microstructure of the implant surface.

The Use of Some Ion-Exchange Sorbing Tracer Cations in Insitu Experiments in High Saline Groundwaters

1994 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Byegård ◽  
G. Skarnemark ◽  
M. Skålberg
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Crushed Granite ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe possibility to use alkali metals and alkaline earth metals as slightly sorbing tracers in in-situ sorption experiments in high saline groundwaters has been investigated. The cation exchange characteristics of granite and some fracture minerals (chlorite and calcite) have been studied using the proposed cations as tracers. The results show low Kd’s for Na, Ca and Sr (∽0.1 ml/g), while the sorption is higher for the more electropositive cations (Rb, Cs and Ba). A higher contribution of irreversible sorption can also be observed for the latter group of cations. For calcite the sorption of all the tracers, except Ca, is lower compared to the corresponding sorption to granite and chlorite. Differences in selectivity coefficients and cation exchange capacity are obtained when using different size fractions of crushed granite. The difference is even more pronounced when comparing crushed granite to intact granite.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effect of Zataria Essential Oil on the Skin Bacteria in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Soheila Faramarz Isfahanian ◽  
◽  
Maryam Sadrnia ◽  
Sima Nasri ◽  
Hamid Sobhanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Skin Bacteria ◽  
Allergy Test

Objective: Zataria is one of the native plants of Iran which is widely used for the treatment of diseases among Iranians. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of Zataria essential oil on the skin bacteria in rats. Methods: Bacterial strains were isolated from the skin of 6 wistar rats and the antimicrobial effects of Zataria essential oil were evaluated by disk diffusion and microbroth dilution methods. In-vivo tests were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the essential oil by microbial culture as well as allergy tests on the skin of experimental rats compared to controls. Results: Three bacterial strains were isolated from the skin of rats identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Minimum Growth Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for the two strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium were obtained 0.39 and 0.78 mg/ml, while for Staphylococcus epidermidis, they were 0.195 and 0.39 mg/ml, respectively. In-vivo test results showed the antibacterial effect of the essential oil on the skin bacteria and no inflammatory effects were observed under the allergy test. Conclusion: Zataria essential oil has antimicrobial effects on the skin infections in lower concentrations. The use of this essential oil as an antiseptic and preservative in cosmetics is recommended instead of chemical preservatives that generally have skin side effects.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Effect of Three Irrigant Solutions (Chlorhexidine, Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidinated MUMS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Jafarzadeh ◽  
Maryam Bidar ◽  
Sepideh Hooshiar ◽  
Mahboubeh Naderinasab ◽  
Mostafa Moazzami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Canal Irrigation ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the antimicrobial effect of 2% chlorhexidine, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and MUMS containing 2% chlorhexidine. Materials and methods All of the above irrigants were examined on Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Lactobacillus casei and E.coli. A total of 0.5 CC of each solution and 0.5 CC of McFarland solution bacterium were added to each examination tube. After 15, 30 and 45 minutes, colony count was performed for each tube. The difference in the number of bacteria indicated the effect taken by disinfectant material. Results MUMS containing chlorhexidine showed the antimicrobial properties just like chlorhexidine's effect against E.coli, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus casei in preventing these entire microorganisms to incubate. Sodium hypochlorite was not effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans incubated in 15, 30 and 45 minutes and Enterococcus faecalis in 15 minutes. Conclusion MUMS has antimicrobial properties similar to chlorhexidine. Clinical significance As MUMS containing chlorhexidine can transfer chlorhexidine through its own surfactant around apical area and it can open the dentinal tubules by its own chelator for more penetration of chlorhexidine, it may be a choice for canal irrigation. How to cite this article Bidar M, Hooshiar S, Naderinasab M, Moazzami M, Orafaee H, Naghavi N, Jafarzadeh H. Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Effect of Three Irrigant Solutions (Chlorhexidine, Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidinated MUMS). J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4): 436-439.

scholarly journals Penurunan Salinitas (Kadar Klorida) Artifisial Dengan Proses Pertukaran Ion (Ion Exchange)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Musyarrofah Musyarrofah ◽  
Muhammad Irfa'i ◽  
Abdul Khair
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Chloride Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Chloride

Brackish water caused of high chloride sodium content, giving to feel briny at water. The only chemical process can remove chloride is the ion exchange. The aim of this study was to determine the difference of percentage decreasing of chloride levels in variations of chloride level in brackish water (870 mg/l, 1712 mg/l, 2501 mg/l) and variation of sampling time (1,5 hours, 3 hours, 4,5 hours). Brackish water used the result of dilution of brines using freshwater. This process brackish water by passing into a resin media tube’s diameter 5cm and 40cm high with flow discharge 100ml/min. The results of chloride levels after the process still exceeded the quality standard Permenkes RI No.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. The avarage chloride levels after from the chloride 870 mg/l is 776,7 mg/l, the chloride 1712 mg/l is 1520 mg/l and the chloride 2501 mg/l is 2139 mg/l. From Two-Way-Anova test showed a significant difference between the percentage of decreasing chloride levels in various sampling time, the variation of initial chloride level, and interaction between variation in initial chloride content and sampling time.

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