scholarly journals Effect of community-based nutrition on infant nutrition and associated health practices in Narok, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 724-734
Author(s):  
Job Mapesa ◽  
Joyce Meme ◽  
Olive Muthamia
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Background: Lack of knowledge, and poor attitudes and practices among rural women have been shown to negatively influence maternal, infant and young child nutrition outcomes as well as child health and cognitive development. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of community-based nutrition on infant nutrition. Methods: A mixed method approach using a structured questionnaire to collect quantitative data (n=234) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) for qualitative data was used in Narok County, Kenya. Results: About 57% of the participants received nutrition and health information from hospital trained health person- nel. Whereas most women indicated having attended antenatal clinics, very few delivered in the hospital (17%). Exclusive breastfeeding knowledge was below 50%, although not statistically significant (p=0.584) across the education spectrum as opposed to identification of malnutrition signs, which was significant (p<0.05). Whereas 74% of the participants had knowledge about signs of malnutrition, only 58% could identify the causes. Rating for complementary feeding among the study participants was about 61% for introduction of complementary foods and 80% for frequency of feeding. Vitamin A supplementation knowledge, antenatal clinic attendance and type of waste disposal were statistically significant (p<0.05) in relation to education level of the study participants. Conclusion: This study reveals the need to educate rural women for increased understanding and practice of appropriate infant and nutrition care through sustainable and effective essential nutrition actions. Keywords: Community; nutrition; breastfeeding; complementary foods; health; practice.

A Community-Based Positive Deviance/Hearth Infant and Young Child Nutrition Intervention in Ecuador Improved Diet and Reduced Underweight

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-203.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion L. Roche ◽  
Grace S. Marquis ◽  
Theresa W. Gyorkos ◽  
Brittany Blouin ◽  
Julieta Sarsoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Positive Deviance ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Infant And Young Child

scholarly journals Change in awareness levels of cervical cancer among rural women after intervention by health education: a community-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
G. Kalpana ◽  
Keshav Gangadharan ◽  
Pradeep S. ◽  
Devivaraprasad M.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
The Impact

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. The prevention and control of cervical cancer depends on awareness about the disease, screening procedures, and preventive measures. Objectives of this study was to assess the awareness levels on various aspects of cervical cancer among women aged 25-65 years, and to assess the impact of health education intervention among them.Methods: This community-based interventional study was conducted for a period of 15 months among 250 women aged 25-65 years by cluster sampling method in a rural population. Data on all aspects of awareness about cervical cancer, i.e., risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment and prevention were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured proforma. This was followed by a post-test 2 months after health education.Results: Overall awareness for cervical cancer was found to be very poor among the study subjects in the pre-test. Awareness on risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, and prevention of cervical cancer was found to be 6%, 3.6%, 1.2%, and 1.6% respectively. A significant increase in the knowledge level was found after health education.Conclusions: As the awareness levels regarding the cervical cancer was poor among the study population, health education programme and campaigns, along with periodic screening is need of the hour to effectively prevent cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Burns in Nepal: a participatory, community survey of burn cases and knowledge, attitudes and practices to burn care and prevention in three rural municipalities

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e033071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Phuyal ◽  
Edna Adhiambo Ogada ◽  
Richard Bendell ◽  
Patricia E Price ◽  
Tom Potokar
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Rural Municipalities ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesAs part of an ongoing, long-term project to co-create burn prevention strategies in Nepal, we collected baseline data to share and discuss with the local community, use as a basis for a co-created prevention strategy and then monitor changes over time. This paper reports on the method and outcomes of the baseline survey and demonstrates how the data are presented back to the community.DesignA community-based survey.SettingCommunity based in three rural municipalities in Nepal.Participants1305 households were approached: the head of 1279 households participated, giving a response rate of 98%. In 90.3% of cases, the head of the household was male.ResultsWe found that 2.7% (CI 1.8 to 3.7) of 1279 households, from three representative municipalities, reported at least one serious burn in the previous 12 months: a serious burn was defined as one requiring medical attention and/or inability to work or do normal activities for 24 hours. While only 4 paediatric and 10 adult cases in the previous 12 months reached hospital care, the impact on the lives of those involved was profound. Only one patient was referred on from primary to secondary/tertiary care; the average length of hospital stay for those presenting directly to secondary/tertiary care was 21 days. A range of first-aid behaviours were used, many of which are appropriate for the local context while a few may be potentially harmful (eg, the use of dung).ConclusionThe participatory approach used in this study ensured a high response rate. We have demonstrated that infographics can link the pathway for each of the cases observed from initial incident to final location of care.

Pilot Evaluation of Pharmacists’ and Pharmacy Technicians’ Knowledge and Understanding of a Medication Synchronization Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110483
Author(s):  
Janet N. Pham ◽  
Amy D. Robertson ◽  
Brittany L. Melton ◽  
Brent J. Rohling ◽  
Bradley J. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Pharmacy Staff ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Good Standing ◽  
Video Tutorial ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Previous Training

Background: Medication synchronization (MS) improves adherence by allowing patients to pick up all medications at the same time. Pharmacy staff need training to utilize a MS program effectively. Objective: Evaluate the impact of a video tutorial with decreased extraneous and intrinsic load on pharmacists’ and pharmacy technicians’ knowledge and understanding of a MS program. Study Method: Participants completed a prequestionnaire to assess knowledge and understanding of the MS process. They then watched a step-by-step video tutorial and were reassessed by a postquestionnaire 2 weeks later. Study participants included pharmacists and pharmacy technicians employed at 1 of 2 pharmacies in 1 regional division of a large community-based chain pharmacy. Participants were eligible if they were registered and in good standing with the Kansas Board of Pharmacy and employed for greater than 30 days since July 1, 2018. Results: Twenty participants were included in the final analysis. The median age was 36 years, 14 (70%) were female, 13 (65%) were pharmacy technicians, and each study site had equal representation. Most participants, 15 (75%), had previously completed the standard MS training. There was a significant improvement in number of correct responses after the intervention with a prequestionnaire score of 61.3% to postquestionnaire score of 70% ( P=.002). Significant improvement in knowledge was seen in participants who completed the previous training as well as first-time learners of the MS process. Conclusion: Optimizing training on MS processes by decreasing extraneous and intrinsic load improved the pharmacy team’s knowledge and understanding of the MS process.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 pandemic among adult population in Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0246283
Author(s):  
Amanuel Yoseph ◽  
Alemu Tamiso ◽  
Amanuel Ejeso
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction COVID-19 incidence is increasing and different measures have been adopted to control the spread of the pandemic in Ethiopia. Among these measures, enhancing the knowledge, positive attitudes, and proper practices of prevention measures about the disease is a basic strategy to control it. However, community compliance to control measures is largely dependent on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19. Objective To assess the current level of KAP towards COVID-19 pandemic and predictors among the rural dwellers in Sidama regional state, Southern Ethiopia; 2020. Methods This community-based prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from May 1–30, 2020 on a sample of 1,278 adult populations in Sidama regional state, Southern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to choice the study participants. The data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. We have entered data using Epi data version 3.1 and all analyses were done using SPSS version 25. KAPs scores of study participants based on their independent variables were compared using Chi-square test, t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) as required. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with KAP. The important assumptions of the logistic regression model were checked to be satisfied. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the existence and strength of associations. Results From a total of 1,214 study participants, the overall attained knowledge, attitude and practice score about COVID-19 were 90%, 82.4% and 65%, respectively. Among these, 43.9%, 37.5%, and 24.4% of the study participants had demonstrated good knowledge, high attitude and proper practice, respectively. The mean knowledge scores were significantly different between sex, categories of marital status, educational levels, main occupation, and the monthly income quintiles of the study participants (p<0.05). Similarly, the mean attitude scores significantly varied across educational levels, main occupations and marital status (p<0.05). Based on multivariable logistic regression analysis, main occupation of the government employees, education level of diploma and above, highest and second highest wealth rank were positively associated with COVID-19 prevention and control practice. Conclusions The majority of study participants had showed good knowledge and optimistic attitude toward COVID-19. But, the level of practice lower than that expected to maximize effective control measures. Further public education interventions and community sensitization campaigns are required for rural adult population in the Sidama regional state, Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Do community-based active case-finding interventions have indirect impacts on wider TB case detection and determinants of subsequent TB testing behaviour? A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. e0000088
Author(s):  
Helena R. A. Feasey ◽  
Rachael M. Burke ◽  
Marriott Nliwasa ◽  
Lelia H. Chaisson ◽  
Jonathan E. Golub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Case Notification

Community-based active case-finding (ACF) may have important impacts on routine TB case-detection and subsequent patient-initiated diagnosis pathways, contributing “indirectly” to infectious diseases prevention and care. We investigated the impact of ACF beyond directly diagnosed patients for TB, using routine case-notification rate (CNR) ratios as a measure of indirect effect. We systematically searched for publications 01-Jan-1980 to 13-Apr-2020 reporting on community-based ACF interventions compared to a comparison group, together with review of linked manuscripts reporting knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) outcomes or qualitative data on TB testing behaviour. We calculated CNR ratios of routine case-notifications (i.e. excluding cases identified directly through ACF) and compared proxy behavioural outcomes for both ACF and comparator communities. Full text manuscripts from 988 of 23,883 abstracts were screened for inclusion; 36 were eligible. Of these, 12 reported routine notification rates separately from ACF intervention-attributed rates, and one reported any proxy behavioural outcomes. Two further studies were identified from screening 1121 abstracts for linked KAP/qualitative manuscripts. 8/12 case-notification studies were considered at critical or serious risk of bias. 8/11 non-randomised studies reported bacteriologically-confirmed CNR ratios between 0.47 (95% CI:0.41–0.53) and 0.96 (95% CI:0.94–0.97), with 7/11 reporting all-form CNR ratios between 0.96 (95% CI:0.88–1.05) and 1.09 (95% CI:1.02–1.16). One high-quality randomised-controlled trial reported a ratio of 1.14 (95% CI 0.91–1.43). KAP/qualitative manuscripts provided insufficient evidence to establish the impact of ACF on subsequent TB testing behaviour. ACF interventions with routine CNR ratios >1 suggest an indirect effect on wider TB case-detection, potentially due to impact on subsequent TB testing behaviour through follow-up after a negative ACF test or increased TB knowledge. However, data on this type of impact are rarely collected. Evaluation of routine case-notification, testing and proxy behavioural outcomes in intervention and comparator communities should be included as standard methodology in future ACF campaign study designs.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Towards COVID-19 Among Mizan-Aman Town Residents In SNNPR, Bench Shako Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Mamo Dachew ◽  
Girma Mamo Zegene ◽  
Wasihun Adraro Ambo ◽  
Meseret Gebremariam Setegn
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
First Case ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Back ground: The first case of COVID 19 in Ethiopia was confirmed on March 13, 2020. Currently the disease is highly spreading into almost all administrative regions of Ethiopia. COVID -19 is not only a health problem but also causes to the socio-economic crisis. Methods ; community based descriptive study design was conducted in Mizan aman town.Three kebeles were randomly selected from the five kebeles, by proportionally allocating the samples, to each kebeles, from shesheka 134, from Adiss ketema 166, from Kometa ketema,122 samples taken. Households from each kebele were selected by systematic random sampling. First house was selected randomly and every 12th house was selected for the study and one participant from each house was taken for interview by lottery method. Data were collected by using a structured questionnaire adapted from different literatures. Data collectors used interview methods by strictly using masks and keeping physical distances.Questionaire administered data collection was avoided during data collection time to reduce cross contamination. Data was entered in EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Descriptive analysis was done to summarize the frequencies of correct and percentages. Variables whose p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significantResult The percentage of the respondents who correctly answered fever, fatigue, dry cough and muscle ache can be one of the symptoms of COVID 19 was 94.9% and 74.8% of the respondents correctly answered that, stuffy nose, runny nose, and sneezing are additional symptoms of corona virus. According to the finding, 64.3% had confidence that Ethiopia can win the battle and the study participants who had optimistic attitude weather they go quarantine if infected was 70.6%. The study result showed that 64.3% visited the crowded place during the interview and 61.1% didn’t wear masks when leaving home, 50.8% of the respondents did not avoid cultural behaviors, such as shaking hands, only 48.4% have been practiced social distancing.

scholarly journals Impact of Water Quality, Sanitation, Handwashing, and Nutritional Interventions on Enteric Infections in Rural Zimbabwe: The Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade ◽  
James A Platts-Mills ◽  
Jean Gratz ◽  
Jixian Zhang ◽  
Lawrence H Moulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background We assessed the impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) interventions on enteric infections in the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial in rural Zimbabwe. Methods We tested stool samples collected at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of age and during diarrhea using quantitative molecular diagnostics for 29 pathogens. We estimated the effects of the WASH, IYCF, and combined WASH + IYCF interventions on individual enteropathogen prevalence and quantity, total numbers of pathogens detected, and incidence of pathogen-attributable diarrhea. Results WASH interventions decreased the number of parasites detected (difference in number compared to non-WASH arms, –0.07 [95% confidence interval, –.14 to –.02]), but had no statistically significant effects on bacteria, viruses, or the prevalence and quantity of individual enteropathogens after accounting for multiple comparisons. IYCF interventions had no significant effects on individual or total enteropathogens. Neither intervention had significant effects on pathogen-attributable diarrhea. Conclusions The WASH interventions implemented in SHINE (improved pit latrine, hand-washing stations, liquid soap, point-of-use water chlorination, and clean play space) did not prevent enteric infections. Transformative WASH interventions are needed that are more efficacious in interrupting fecal–oral microbial transmission in children living in highly contaminated environments.

scholarly journals Using Community-Based Prevention Marketing to Generate Demand for Healthy Diets in Jordan

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3068
Author(s):  
Rowena K. Merritt ◽  
Jacqueline de de Groot ◽  
Lama Almajali ◽  
Nitesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Behavioral Determinants ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Healthy Diets

Jordan has been experiencing a nutrition transition with high rates of micronutrient deficiencies and rising overweight and obesity rates. This highlights the need to generate demand for healthy diets. This study used a community-based prevention marketing approach and worked with local communities as partners to develop a set of behavior change interventions to improve healthy eating within vulnerable communities. Individual, family, and paired-friendship interviews, and co-creation workshops were conducted with 120 people. The aim of these interviews was to gain an in-depth understand of school-aged children and their families’ nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practices, including social and cultural norms and behavioral determinants, and then use this information to co-create interventions, activities and materials targeted at supporting school-aged child nutrition. Analysis of the interviews revealed that dietary habits are both deeply personal and profoundly entwined by emotions and social norms, and that parents often gave in to their children’s demands for unhealthy foods and beverages due to their perception of what a ‘good parent’ looks like and the desire to see their child ‘smile’. These key insights were then shared during the co-creation workshops to develop behavior change interventions—ensuring that interventions were developed by the community, for the community.

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