Wspólnoty kobiet w pisarstwie i życiu Anny Kowalskiej

Wielogłos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Ewa Kraskowska
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Agricultural Cooperative ◽  
Women's Communities

Women’s Communities in the Writing and Life of Anna Kowalska The article is devoted to the writing and biography of Anna Kowalska. The first part discusses the shared home of Maria Dąbrowska and Anna Kowalska, in which women hired as housekeepers played a vital role. Then the article briefly analyses Kowalska’s novel Safona (Sappho), which depicts the aging Greek female poet surrounded by her young protégées. The main focus is, however, on the novel Gruce (The Gruca family), co-published in 1936 by Anna Kowalska and her husband, Jerzy Kowalski. The novel was heavily revised by Kowalska and reprinted in 1961, and then in 1968. One of the side motifs of this vast work explores a women’s agricultural cooperative in a village near Lviv in the second half of the 1930s. The utopian projects of feminism and cooperativism are criticised here, while the entire novel fits in the “dark” formula of psychological and social (“populist” in the language of the era) realism, characteristic of that decade.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Model of Contact Tracing during the 2014–2016 West African Ebola Outbreak

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Danielle Burton ◽  
Suzanne Lenhart ◽  
Christina J. Edholm ◽  
Benjamin Levy ◽  
Michael L. Washington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
West African ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Using Data

The 2014–2016 West African outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) was the largest and most deadly to date. Contact tracing, following up those who may have been infected through contact with an infected individual to prevent secondary spread, plays a vital role in controlling such outbreaks. Our aim in this work was to mechanistically represent the contact tracing process to illustrate potential areas of improvement in managing contact tracing efforts. We also explored the role contact tracing played in eventually ending the outbreak. We present a system of ordinary differential equations to model contact tracing in Sierra Leonne during the outbreak. Using data on cumulative cases and deaths, we estimate most of the parameters in our model. We include the novel features of counting the total number of people being traced and tying this directly to the number of tracers doing this work. Our work highlights the importance of incorporating changing behavior into one’s model as needed when indicated by the data and reported trends. Our results show that a larger contact tracing program would have reduced the death toll of the outbreak. Counting the total number of people being traced and including changes in behavior in our model led to better understanding of disease management.

scholarly journals A novel missense variant c.G644A (p.G215E) of the RPGR gene in a Chinese family causes X-linked retinitis pigmentosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiewen Fu ◽  
Jingliang Cheng ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Chunli Wei ◽  
Hanchun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Missense Variant ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Targeted Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Eye Tissues

Abstract The mutations in patients with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (xlRP) have not been well described in the Chinese population. In the present study, a five-generation Chinese retinitis pigmentosa (RP) family was recruited; targeted next-generation sequencing (TGS) was used to identify causative genes and Sanger sequencing for co-segregation. RNA-seq data analysis and revere transcriptional-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied to investigate gene expression patterns of RP GTPase regulator (RPGR) in human and Rpgr in mouse. A novel, hemizygous, deleterious and missense variant: c.G644A (p.G215E) in the RPGR gene (NM_000328.2) exon 7 of X-chromosome was identified in the proband, which was co-segregated with the clinical phenotypes in this family. RNA-seq data showed that RPGR is ubiquitously expressed in 27 human tissues with testis in highest, but no eye tissues data. Then the expressions for Rpgr mRNA in mice including eye tissues were conducted and showed that Rpgr transcript is ubiquitously expressed very highly in retina and testis, and highly in other eye tissues including lens, sclera, and cornea; and expressed highly in the six different developmental times of retinal tissue. Ubiquitous expression in different tissues from eye and very high expression in the retina indicated that RPGR plays a vital role in eye functions, particularly in retina. In conclusion, our study is the first to indicate that the novel missense variant c.G644A (p.G215E) in the RPGR gene might be the disease-causing mutation in this xlRP family, expanding mutation spectrum. These findings facilitate better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease; provide new insights for genetic counseling and healthcare.

scholarly journals SELECTING TARGET MARKET BY SIMILAR MEASURES IN INTERVAL INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SET

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 934-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Xuan Thao ◽  
Truong Thi Thuy Duong
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Target Market ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Market Selection ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Decision Making Model

The selection of the target market plays vital role in promoting the marketing strategies of companies. We presented is a method for target market selection. We introduce some novel similarity measures between intuitionistic fuzzy sets and the novel similarity measures between interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. They are constructed by combining exponential and other functions. Finally, we introduce a multi-criteria decision making model to select target market by using the novel similarity measure of interval intuitionistic fuzzy sets.

scholarly journals Tracking Accuracy of Strategic Intelligence Forecasts: Findings from a Long-Term Canadian Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Mandel ◽  
Daniel Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Strategic Intelligence ◽  
Intelligence Assessment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada ◽  
Verbal Probability ◽  
High Degree

Forecasting plays a vital role in intelligence assessment and contributes to national security decision-making by improving strategic foresight. Remarkably, most intelligence organizations do not proactively track their forecasting accuracy and, therefore, do not know how accurate their forecasts are or what types of biases intelligence analysts (or organizations) might exhibit. We review research on geopolitical forecasting and a roughly decade-long program of research to assess the accuracy of strategic intelligence forecasts produced by and for the Government of Canada. This research is described in three phases corresponding to previously published research, following which novel analyses (drawing from the data used in the earlier phases) are reported. The findings reveal a high degree of forecasting accuracy as well as significant underconfidence. These results were evident regardless of whether analysts assigned numeric probabilities to their forecasts. However, the novel analyses clarified that there is a substantial cost to accuracy if end-users rely on their own interpretations of verbal probability terms used in the forecasts. We recommend that intelligence organizations proactively track forecasting accuracy as a means of supporting accountability and organizational learning. We also recommend that intelligence organizations use numeric probabilities in forecasts as a means of improving intelligence producer-consumer agreement in the interpretation of forecasts and other probabilistic assessments.

scholarly journals Visual fixation patterns during economic choice reflect covert valuation processes that emerge with learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (45) ◽  
pp. 22795-22801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean E. Cavanagh ◽  
W. M. Nishantha Malalasekera ◽  
Bruno Miranda ◽  
Laurence T. Hunt ◽  
Steven W. Kennerley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Final Choice ◽  
Decision Systems ◽  
Economic Choice ◽  
Binary Choices ◽  
Visual Fixations ◽  
Economic Choices

Visual fixations play a vital role in decision making. Recent studies have demonstrated that the longer subjects fixate an option, the more likely they are to choose it. However, the role of evaluating stimuli covertly (i.e., without fixating them), and how covert evaluations determine where to subsequently fixate, remains relatively unexplored. Here, we trained monkeys to perform a decision-making task where they made binary choices between reward-predictive stimuli which were well-learned (“overtrained”), recently learned (“novel”), or a combination of both (“mixed”). Subjects were free to saccade around the screen and make a choice (via joystick response) at any time. Subjects rarely fixated both options, yet choice behavior was better explained by assuming the values of both stimuli governed choices. The first fixation latency was fast (∼150 ms) but, surprisingly, its direction was value-driven. This suggests covert evaluation of stimulus values prior to first saccade. This was particularly evident for overtrained stimuli. For novel stimuli, first fixations became increasingly value-driven throughout a behavioral session. However, this improvement lagged behind learning of accurate economic choices, suggesting separate processes governed their learning. Finally, mixed trials revealed a strong bias toward fixating the novel stimulus first but no bias toward choosing it. Our results suggest that the primate brain contains fast covert evaluation mechanisms for guiding fixations toward highly valuable and novel information. By employing such covert mechanisms, fixation behavior becomes dissociable from the value comparison processes that drive final choice. This implies that primates use separable decision systems for value-guided fixations and value-guided choice.

A Role of Herbal Drug as an Immunity Booster during Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Dhanashri Aware ◽  
Sachin Rohane
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Home Remedies ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World

As the world scrambles to find a cure for COVID-19, Medical research network around the world is trying to find out treatment against the novel corona virus infection. In this pandemic condition there is a need for herbal remedies to boost the innate and acquired immunity to fight against corona virus. There are other certain ways to boost the “Immune System” such as active lifestyle, healthy diet, physical exercise, relaxation and sound sleep. Home remedies can be played a vital role as immunity modulator. Ayurveda treatises have described several herbal drugs which are used as different home remedies and are assume to be effective in COVID-19 therapeutics and immunity modulator as a preventive solution. That’s why in this present study, an challenge is made to review such herbal drugs and identify its immune modulator effect against corona virus. Tulsi, Ginger, Clove, Dalchini, Turmeric, Garlic, Marich are most effective herbal drugs used as a home remedies to improve the immunity level naturally with speedy recovery in COVID-19 cases.

AoP-LSE: Antioxidant Proteins Classification Using Deep Latent Space Encoding of Sequence Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1489-1501
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Shujaat Khan ◽  
Seongyong Park ◽  
Jeong-A Lee
Keyword(s):  
Feature Space ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Latent Space ◽  
Antioxidant Proteins ◽  
Class Labels ◽  
Space Encoding

It is of utmost importance to develop a computational method for accurate prediction of antioxidants, as they play a vital role in the prevention of several diseases caused by oxidative stress. In this correspondence, we present an effective computational methodology based on the notion of deep latent space encoding. A deep neural network classifier fused with an auto-encoder learns class labels in a pruned latent space. This strategy has eliminated the need to separately develop classifier and the feature selection model, allowing the standalone model to effectively harness discriminating feature space and perform improved predictions. A thorough analytical study has been presented alongwith the PCA/tSNE visualization and PCA-GCNR scores to show the discriminating power of the proposed method. The proposed method showed a high MCC value of 0.43 and a balanced accuracy of 76.2%, which is superior to the existing models. The model has been evaluated on an independent dataset during which it outperformed the contemporary methods by correctly identifying the novel proteins with an accuracy of 95%.

scholarly journals Effect of the C/N Ratio on Biodegradation of Ciprofloxacin and Denitrification from Low C/N Wastewater as Assessed by a Novel 3D-BER System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7611
Author(s):  
Mahdi Hassan ◽  
Guangcan Zhu ◽  
Zhonglian Yang ◽  
Yongze Lu ◽  
Yan Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Class Level ◽  
The Ideal

Emerging pollutants in the form of pharmaceuticals have drawn international attention during the past few decades. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a common drug widely found in effluents from hospitals, industrial and different wastewater treatment plants, as well as rivers. In this work, the lab-scale 3D-BER system was established, and more than 90% of the antibiotic CIP was removed from Low C/N wastewater. The best results were obtained with the current intensity being taken into account, and a different C/N ratio significantly improved the removal of CIP and nitrates when the ideal conditions were C/N = 1.5–3.5, pH = 7.0–7.5 and I = 60 mA. The highest removal efficiency occurred when CIP = 94.2%, NO3−-N = 95.5% and total nitrogen (TN) = 84.3%, respectively. In this novel system, the autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria played a vital role in the removal of CIP and an enhanced denitrification process. Thus, autotrophic denitrifying bacteria uses CO2 and H2 as carbon sources to reduce nitrates to N2. This system has the assortment and prosperous community revealed at the current intensity of 60 mA, and the analysis of bacterial community structure in effluent samples fluctuates under different conditions of C/N ratios. Based on the results of LC-MS/MS analysis, the intermediate products were proposed after efficient biodegradation of CIP. The microbial community on biodegrading was mostly found at phylum, and the class level was dominantly responsible for the NO3−-N and biodegradation of CIP. This work can provide some new insights towards the biodegradation of CIP and the efficient removal of nitrates from low C/N wastewater treatment through the novel 3D-BER system.

scholarly journals A Novel Preference Elicitation Technique Based on a Graph Model and Its Application to a Brownfield Redevelopment Conflict in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinan Zhao ◽  
Haiyan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Graph Model ◽  
Preference Elicitation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Brownfield Redevelopment ◽  
Preference Information ◽  
True Preference ◽  
Prioritization Method ◽  
Strategic Advice

Disputes are very common and pervasive in brownfield redevelopment projects, in which multiple stakeholders or decision-makers (DMs) strategically interact with each other with a conflict of interest. The preference information of DMs involved plays a vital role in identifying possible outcomes or resolutions for resolving a tough brownfield conflict. In this research, a novel preference ranking technique is purposefully proposed within the graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) paradigm to effectively and accurately garner DMs’ actual preferences, in which states are ranked according to their similarities and closeness to the most and least preferred states instead of subjective option statements or weights in traditional preference ranking methods. Finally, a real-world brownfield conflict which occurred in China is utilized to show how the proposed preference ranking method can be applied for conveniently obtaining the true preference information of DMs and strategically determining the equilibria of a given dispute. The case study indicates that the novel preference elicitation approach is more objective and reasonable than the traditional option prioritization method. Moreover, there exists an equilibrium which can provide strategic advice and meaningful insights for addressing the brownfield conflict.

scholarly journals Mobile isolation wards in a fever clinic: a novel operation model during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbang Cheng ◽  
Yilin Chen ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Rui Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Design ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
The West ◽  
Union Hospital ◽  
Medical Waste Management ◽  
Construction Model ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract A fever clinic within a hospital plays a vital role in pandemic control because it serves as an outpost for pandemic discovery, monitoring and handling. As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan was gradually brought under control, the fever clinic in the West Campus of Wuhan Union Hospital introduced a new model for construction and management of temporary mobile isolation wards. A traditional battlefield hospital model was combined with pandemic control regulations, to build a complex of mobile isolation wards that used adaptive design and construction for medical operational, medical waste management and water drainage systems. The mobile isolation wards allowed for the sharing of medical resources with the fever clinic. This increased the capacity and efficiency of receiving, screening, triaging and isolation and observation of patients with fever. The innovative mobile isolation wards also controlled new sudden outbreaks of COVID-19. We document the adaptive design and construction model of the novel complex of mobile isolation wards and explain its characteristics, functions and use.

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