scholarly journals PHRASEOLOGISM EXPRESSING THE VALUE OF TIME IN THE OSSETIAN LANGUAGE

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Р.Р. Шанаева ◽  
Т.Р. Туаева
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Value Of Time ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Semantic Models ◽  
Integral Structures ◽  
Linguistic Material

В данной статье приводится теоретическаяинформация, на основании которой может быть произведен лингвистический анализ фразеологических единиц (ФЕ), служащих для выражения категории времени в осетинском языке. Основная функция фразеологизмов, образно выражающих значение времени, не столько информативная, объяснительная, мотивирующая, сколько экспрессивная, оценочная. Данное явление лингвистически представлено в формировании компонентов фразеологического значения образных единиц с временным значением. Структурно-семантические модели рассматриваемых фразеологизмов отражают взаимодействие грамматических и семантических факторов. Весьма значимым представляется проведенное в данной статье структурно-семантическое исследование элементов фразеологических единиц, а также произведенный в рамках исследования структурно-семантический анализ компонентов, реализующих временные отношения в составе рассматриваемых устойчивых единиц. Авторами основной акцент сделан на рассмотрении национально-культурных особенностей в устойчивых словосочетаниях. Принципиально новым в работе представляется установление авторами основных способов выявления концептуализации времени в рамках изменения и взаимо­действия фразеологизмов как целостных структур и ментальных образований, выражающих временные отношения. Авторынацелены на установление спецификивоплощения реального и ирреального времени в осетинских фразеологических единицах. В основе исследования рассматриваемого вопроса лежит лингвокультурологический подход к изучениюобразования и динамики лексическо-грамматической характеристики фразеологических единиц, имеющих значение времени. Подобный подход позволяет обнаружить идентичные и отличающиеся структурно-семантические и синтаксические модели фразеологических единицв осетинском языке. В данном исследовании языковые универсалии находят воплощение в средствах усиления образности, экспрессивности, эмоциональности, в так называемых мотивационных моделях, способствующих не только обобщению и систематизации языкового материала, но и выявлению источника и основы фразеологического образа. Исследованиеданных фразеологизмов в современном осетинском языке способствует возможности выявить сходные и различные синтаксические, мотивационные и структурно-семантические модели фразеологизмов. This article provides theoretical information on the basis of which a linguistic analysis of phraseological units can be made, which serve to express the category of time in the Ossetian language. The main function of phraseological units, figuratively expressing the meaning of time, is more expressive, evaluative than informative, explanatory, motivating. This phenomenon is linguistically represented in the formation of the components of the phraseological meaning of figurative units with a temporal meaning. Structural and semantic models of the phraseological units under consideration reflect the interaction of grammatical and semantic factors. The structural-semantic study of the elements of phraseological units carried out in this article, as well as the structural-semantic analysis of the components that implement temporal relations in the structure of the stable units under consideration, seem to be very significant. The authors place the main emphasis on the consideration of national and cultural characteristics in set phrases. Fundamentally new in the work is the establishment by the authors of the main ways of identifying the conceptualization of time within the framework of the change and interaction of phraseological units as integral structures and mental formations expressing temporal relationships. The authors aim at establishing the specifics of the embodiment of real and surreal time in Ossetian phraseological units. The study of the issue under consideration is based on a linguoculturological approach to the study of the formation and dynamics of the lexical and grammatical characteristics of phraseological units that have the meaning of time. This approach allows one to find identical and different structural-semantic and syntactic models of phraseological units in the Ossetian language. In this study, linguistic universals are embodied in the means of enhancing imagery, expressiveness, emotionality, in the so-called motivational models that contribute not only to the generalization and systematization of linguistic material, but also to identify the source and basis of the phraseological image. The study of these phraseological units in the modern Ossetian language contributes to the ability to identify similar and different syntactic, motivational and structural-semantic models of phraseological units.

YUKAGIR GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS IN TOPONYMY OF THE KOLYMA RIVER BASIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
N.S. Bagdaryyn
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kolyma River

The article continues the author's research on the toponymy of the North-East of the Sakha Republic, in particular the Kolyma river basin, in the aspect of the interaction of related and unrelated languages. The relevance of this work is defined in the description of local geographical terminology of Yukagir origin, as a valuable and important material in the further study of toponymy of the region. For the first time, the toponymy of the Kolyma river basin becomes the object of sampling and linguistic analysis of toponyms with local geographical terms of Yukagir origin in order to identify and analyze them linguistically. The research was carried out by comparative method, word formation, structural, lexical and semantic analysis. As a result of the research, phonetic and morphological features are revealed, the formation of local geographical terms and geographical names of Yukagir origin is outlined, and previously unrecorded semantic shifts and dialectisms are revealed. The most active in the formation of terms and toponyms is the geographical term iилil / eҕal 'coast‘, which is justified by the representation of the Yukagirs’ coast' home, housing

scholarly journals Experiencer as quasi-agent: «from meaning to the linguistic form»

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 112-136
Author(s):  
М.А. Fomina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Linguistic Representation ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Grammatical Subject

The paper focuses on the category of semantic subject within the framework of a functional approach to linguistics. The variety of roles subject may have in a sentence accounts for the radially structured category of subject. With the agent subject being the center of the category, other members – Possessor, Experiencer, Neutral, etc. – appear to be scattered within the syntactical category of subject being more central or peripheral. The paper deals with the Experiencer subject. The author stresses the key role of a well-elaborated metalanguage in linguistic analysis and assumes that a thorough analysis of the relevant conceptual category, its structure and content, should precede the stage of developing a metalanguage. The paper 1) differentiates between similar though not interchangeable notions such as semantic subject, grammatical subject, and the bearer of predicative feature, 2) features the peripheral status of the Experiencer within the category of semantic subject, 3) reveals the means of its linguistic representation, 4) makes a structural and semantic analysis of the models with the Experiencer.

On the Appropriation of Lexicographic Methods of Kemālpaşazāde’s (1468–1534) Glossary Daḳāyiḳu l-ḥaḳāyiḳ

DIYÂR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Hasmik Kirakosyan ◽  
Ani Sargsyan
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
First Time

The glossary Daḳāyiḳu l-ḥaḳāyiḳ by Kemālpaşazāde is a valuable lexicological work that demonstrates the appropriation of medieval lexicographic methodologies as a means of spreading knowledge of the Persian language in the Transottoman realm. The article aims to analyse this Persian-Ottoman Turkish philological text based on the Arabic and Persian lexicographic traditions of the Early Modern period. The advanced approaches to morphological, lexical and semantic analysis of Persian can be witnessed when examining the Persian word units in the glossary. The study of the methods of the glossary attests to the prestigious status of the Persian language in the Ottoman Empire at a time when Turkish was strengthening its multi-faceted positions. Taking into account the linguistic analysis methods that were available in the sixteenth century, contemporary philological research is suggesting new etymologies for some Persian words and introduces novel lemmata, which make their first-time appearance in Persian vocabulary.

Vernacularisation of Medical Writing in English: a Corpus-Based Study of Scholasticism

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Pahta ◽  
Irma Taavitsainen
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Medical Writing ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Early English ◽  
The University ◽  
Thought Styles ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

AbstractThe article proposes a model for linguistic analysis of scientific thought-styles, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses in the variationist frame and focusing on writings of the scholastic period. The first part of the article considers factors that led to the vernacularisation of scientific writings in fifteenth-century England and the sources, underlying traditions, and audiences of these writings. The empirical part focuses on two features typical of scholasticism: references to authorities and the use of prescriptive phrases. The results show statistical differences between varieties of writing. A close semantic analysis reveals a pattern which is related to the underlying layers of traditon and to the sociohistorical background of the texts. The material comes from a computer-readable Corpus of Early English Medical Writing 1375-1750, which the authors are compiling at the University of Helsinki.

scholarly journals A Semi-Automatic Methodology for Making FMEA Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-102
Author(s):  
Christian Spreafico ◽  
Davide Russo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
The Core ◽  
Scientific Papers

This paper proposes a semi-automatic methodology to assist the user in creating surveys about FMEA and Risk Analysis, based on a customized use of the tools for semantic analysis and in particular a home-developed syntactic parser called Kompat Cognitive. The core of this work has been the analysis of the specific FMEA-related jargon and its common modalities of description within scientific papers and patents in order to systematize the linguistic analysis of the reference documents within the proposed step-divided procedure. The main goals of the methodology are to assist not skilled in the art users about FMEA during the analysis of generic and specific features, by considering large moles of contributions in restricted amounts of time. The methodology has then been tested on the same pool of 286 documents, divided between 177 and 109 patents, manually analyzed in our previous survey, in order to replicate part of its classifications through the proposed new modality. In this way we evaluated the abilities of the methodology both to automatically suggesting the main features of interest and to classify the documents according to them.

scholarly journals Słowa miesiąca roku 2018 w polach leksykalno-semantycznych.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (10) ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sornat
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Thematic Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
Daily Press ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Cyclic Words

Words of the month in 2018 in lexical and semantic fi elds Summary The aim of this study is to present the results of a lexical and semantic analysis of the so-called words of the month in 2018, that is words (or their combinations) with high frequency in the Polish daily press, published and commented by a group of linguists from the Institute of Polish Language, University of Warsaw, on www.slowanaczasie.uw.edu.pl over the past year. Apart from the analysis of the thematic structure of the excerpted lexemes and their assignment to contextually determined word fi elds, the examination covers the total number of occurrences of the units in the monthly list of words of the month. The outcome of the linguistic analysis not only permitted identifi cation of the most topical issues for Poles in a given year, but also enabled verifi cation of the conclusions drawn by various researchers of cyclic words to date. They have found, among others, a considerable share of borrowings from foreign languages, neologisms and neosemantisms, pointed to a seasonal motivation of the units, and argued that the greatest share in the set belonged to names related to politics, economics, and broadly understood social issues.

scholarly journals Analysing Nostalgia in Cross-Linguistic Perspective

Philology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2018) ◽  
pp. 213-241
Author(s):  
GIAN MARCO FARESE ◽  
YUKO ASANO-CAVANAGH
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
English Word

Abstract This paper presents a contrastive semantic analysis of the English nostalgia, the Italian nostalgìa and the Japanese natsukashii adopting the methodology of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage. It is argued that: (i) emotion terms of different languages reflect different and culture-specific conceptualisations of human feelings; (ii) the Anglo conceptualisation of feelings is not valid for all cultures; (iii) linguistic analysis is central to the analysis of human feelings. The paper challenges the claim made by some psychologists that the English word nostalgia expresses a feeling which is “pancultural” and criticizes the use of English emotion terms as the basis for discussions on human feelings.

scholarly journals Language mechanisms of building the ironic texts and ways of their linguistic research (linguistic pragmatic aspect)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Chernyshova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Language Play ◽  
Linguistic Description ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Text Content

The article is devoted to the study of means and ways of modeling the comic effect in contemporary ironic media texts as well as to characterizing the method of their linguistic description in the linguistic pragmatic aspect. Special attention is paid to the ways of linguistic analysis of the conflict in ironic media text, which is the object of a court case. Within the complex linguistic analysis, including the semantic analysis to reveal the “semantic aspects,” and on the material of the editions Kommersant and Moskovsky Komsomolets, the authors described the signals of irony as language play and as a socially marked way of communication, defining their stylistic variety. On the example of ironic media text which is the object of a court case, it is established that the basic way to model the comic (ironic) subtext in contemporary media texts is the contrast used both at textual and subtextual levels. The article draws the conclusion that the comic form of presentation of the ironic text content cannot be the object of a court case because it is connected with the evaluation and expression of the author’s own opinion.

scholarly journals Pencemaran Nama Baik dalam Perspektif Linguistik Forensik

Kelasa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnawati Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Linguistic Evidence

This paper examines two uploads on social media whose alleged sentences contain elements of defamation. The method used in this study is qualitative, i.e., describing data to determine the elements that can defame someone. Determination of these elements requires forensic linguistic analysis that is using linguistic evidence in law enforcement efforts. This evidence can be analyzed using lexical, grammatical and pragmatic semantic studies that are part of forensic linguistic studies. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that from the lexical semantic perspective, the word used in the uploaded sentence has a negative denotation meaning. Based on the grammatical semantic analysis the sentence means demeaning a group of people. Pragmatically, not being said by the uploader is an expressive illocutionary act, which is an expression of disappointment and anger. In addition, the sentence uploaded to the account is also provocative, namely inviting the public to follow the uploader's opinion. Expressive illocutionary acts lead to acts of perlocution on the speech partners mentioned in the sentence. The act of occlusion is in the form of anger from community groups or individuals referred to in uploads. AbstrakMakalah ini mengkaji dua unggahan di media sosial yang diduga kalimatnya mengandung unsur pencemaran nama baik.  Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, yakni mendekripsikan data untuk menentukan unsur-unsur yang dapat mencemarkan nama baik seseorang. Penentuan unsur tersebut memerlukan analisis linguisik forensik yakni menggunakan bukti kebahasaan dalam upaya penegakan hukum. Bukti tersebut dapat dianalisis dengan menggunakan kajian semantik leksikal, semantik gramatikal, dan pragmatik yang merupakan bagian dari kajian linguistik forensik. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa dari sudut pandang semantik leksikal, kata yang digunakan pada kalimat yang diunggah tersebut memiliki makna denotasi yang negatif. Berdasarkan analisis semantik gramatikal kalimat tersebut bermakna merendahkan sekelompok masyarakat. Secara pragmatik, tidak tutur yang dilakukan oleh penggunggah adalah tindak ilokusi ekspresif, yakni ekspresi kekecewaan dan kemarahan. Selain itu, kalimat yang diunggah pada akun tersebut juga bersifat provokatif, yakni mengajak masyarakat mengikuti pendapat si pengunggah.  Tindak ilokusi ekspresif menimbulkan tindak perlokusi pada mitra tutur yang disebut dalam kalimat tersebut. Tindak perlokusi itu berupa kemarahan kelompok masyarakat atau individu yang disebut di dalam unggahan.

scholarly journals ДЕМОТИВАТОР ЯК ОСОБЛИВИЙ ТИП КОМУНІКАЦІЇ ІНТЕРНЕТ-ДИСКУРСУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Zabolotska O.O. ◽  
Zabolotska O.V.
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Spiritual Guidance ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Media

In the situation of computerization of modern society, the influence of the media on the way of life, the worldview and the consciousness of most people is evident.An attempt to overcome the language barrier of representatives of various linguistic cultures is playing a dominant role of non-verbal information in today’s global communication and the emergence of new visual and verbal forms of the Internet communication.The purpose is to distinguish functional and pragmatic potential of demotivators in the Internet discourse.Methods. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: a descriptive method, the method of semantic analysis, of stylistic analysis, of interpretive and textual analysis.Demotivational posters are a special way of transmitting information, as prepositions are important for the fullest possible understanding of its meaning: the demotivator can contain such semantic components that do not find direct expression, and the reader decodes these meanings on the basis of their own experience, knowledge of typical situations, historical and cultural background and knowledge. The main function of demotivational posters is considered to be a cognitive one, as the information presented in demotivators can form the thinking of youth audience, its evaluative and normative system. Demotivators also realize volutative, axiological, aesthetic, emotional and expressive functions and the function of forming reality.Results. The analysis of demo poster showed that the type of demotivators can determine their pragmatic potential: original, philosophical, social and advertising demotivators promote the main values and realize the volitional intention of the speaker, i.e. suggestive impact on the recipient that helps to create a spiritual guidance and a new type of thinking among young people; humorous and esoteric demotivators depict famous facts from youth’s life in an ironical and sarcastic manner, disclose social reality, have entertaining character, carrying out both emotional, expressive functions and a function of forming virtual reality.Conclusions. Demotivational poster is a special way of transmitting information in the Internet discourse, which defines its moral and value orientations, the attitude towards the surrounding world. Сучасний світ можна назвати цивілізацією гіпертексту, сучасну людину – віртуальною, мережевою людиною, а сучасне суспіль-ство – інформаційним. Стає очевидним, що вербальна комунікація припиняє існувати ізольовано, вона має тенденцію до залучення інших знакових систем, серед яких провідне місце посідає візуальна комунікація, яка унаочнює інформацію, що передається.Актуальність статті зумовлена загальною спрямованістю сучасних філологічних студій на вивчення системи комунікації з урахуванням ефективності мовних засобів та інтегрованості різних семіотичних ресурсів у сучасному комунікативному процесі, де простежується взаємодія вербальної складової частини повідомлення і його паравербальних (нелінгвістичних) компонентів.Мета статті – визначити функційно-прагматичні особливості англомовних демотиваційних постерів мережі Інтернет.Методи. У процесі дослідження було використано такі методи: описовий метод (для дескрипції характерних рис інтернет-дискурсу та візуально-вербальної природи демотиваційного постеру), метод семантичного аналізу (для виявлення семантики лексичних одиниць у контексті), метод стилістичного аналізу (для визначення стилістичних засобів, що увиразнюють демо-тиваційні постери інтернет-дискурсу), метод інтерпретаційно-текстового аналізу (для визначення специфіки використання демотиваторів у процесі інтернет-комунікації).Інтернет, будучи високотехнологічним і водночас високо динамічним комунікативним простором, перебуває в постійному русі, постійній еволюції. Відповідно, з’являються абсолютно нові форми інтернет-комунікації, а старі видозмінюється тим чи іншим чином.Демотиватор (демотиваційний постер) як предмет філологічних досліджень є актуальним, оскільки нині зросла зацікав-леність у проблемі полікодових або креолізованих текстів як особливих форм комунікації (банери, реклама, кліпи, демотива-тори). Сучасну людину весь час оточують різні знакові системи, а невербальні засоби дедалі більше беруть участь у передачі та збереженні інформації.Результати. Аналіз мовного матеріалу показав, що значна кількість демотиваційних постерів має синсематичний тип відношень між вербальною та візуальною його частинами. Іконічний компонент не просто доповнює розуміння вербальної складової частини повідомлення демотиватора, а й впливає на його інтерпретацію й унаочнює основну думку, заохочуючи реципієнта до певних роздумів.Глобалізаційні процеси, які знаходять відображення в демотиваційних постерах через повтор структурно-композиційної будови тексту і стереотипне вживання мовних засобів впливу, забезпечують залучення індивідуального реципієнта до світо-вого суспільства. Це зумовлює постійний потік стандартизованих цінностей із метою формування пересічного погляду на довколишній світ та уніфікованої картини світу.Висновки. Демотиватор постає візуальною рефлексією реального світу, реакцією на впроваджуване позитивне мислення. Комбінація режимів сприйняття образів призводить до появи нових форм цього процесу, нового типу мислення – від вербаль-ного до візуального, образного, спрямованого на викриття традиційних цінностей та авторитетів.

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