GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PRINCIPLES OF ASSIGNING CRIMINAL PENALTIES TO MINOR OFFENDERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kunts
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Illegal Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Serious Offenders ◽  
Official Data

The article discusses the general principles and the principles applied when imposing punishments to minors who have committed crimes. Juvenile delinquents are the social base of organized crime. Juvenile delinquency harms the personal development of the minor offender himself, thereby contributing to continuing the minor's criminal activity. The research results confirm that a significant number of serious offenders began their criminal activities being minors. Correction of juvenile offenders is very important, that is, formation of stable skills of an honest attitude to work. Precise execution of laws and respect for them. Crimes committed by minors, despite the degree of their study, the share of crimes committed by minors in the total number of crimes is on average 10–12% and these are only registered official data, which means that real statistics can be 1.5–2 times higher. The above-stated points to the problem of illegal behavior of minors and the need to find effective ways to impose penalties to juvenile offenders.

A program approach to the prevention of juvenile delinquency

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-191
Author(s):  
Marina A. Boldina ◽  
Elena V. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Juvenile Offender ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Illegal Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
The City

Statistical data on the problem of juvenile delinquency are presented, which show that in the city of Tambov in 2020, juvenile delinquency increased by more than 5 %. The problematic field of juvenile offenders is considered, which is quite extensive and covers the range of emotional-psychological, material, intellectual and other areas of problems of this category of the population. The key direction in the system of crime prevention is highlighted as a comprehensive development of a program for early prevention of juvenile delinquency, with the help of which the circumstances and conditions that give rise to illegal behavior of adolescents are identified and eliminated. The programs of social prevention of juvenile delinquency, implemented in educational institutions, are considered. The content of the activities of a specialist in the implementation of social prevention programs in a general educational institution is analyzed, which carries out it through the study of the psychological and age characteristics of adolescent offenders, organizes various types of socially useful activities, helps to implement legal protection and social support for a juvenile offender and his family, and directs actions teachers on the prevention of offenses among students. A model is designed for organizing programs for the social prevention of juvenile delinquency in a general educational institution, which includes the following blocks: target; conceptual; content-methodological; procedural; criterion-effective, allowing in the early stages to prevent the emergence of illegal behavior of minors.

scholarly journals On the complex substantiation of the typology of juvenile delinquents: criminological and psychological aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anton Dushkin ◽  
Yuriy Suslov ◽  
Galina Shibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
A Minor

The article is devoted to the problem of juvenile delinquency, which is relevant in the context of discussing interdisciplinary issues of its prevention based on the analysis of the characteristics of the state of crime in the Russian Federation from 2018 to 2020. The article presents the content of psychological and legal categories that characterize the personality of a minor criminal and the mechanisms of the formation of criminal behavior. Special attention is paid to the description of the factors and conditions that contribute to the commission of crimes by minors, including repeated ones. On the example of specific classifications and typologies, the state of knowledge of the problem of studying the personality of a minor offender and a convicted person, as well as their psychological characteristics, is analyzed. The article describes the contribution of individual domestic and foreign scientists who proposed variants of classifications and typologies of juvenile delinquents. The study found that a significant number of classifications and typologies of juvenile offenders often take as the basis of its system of one or more characteristics, research which largely depends on the scientific interests of the authors. Based on the generalized scientific and empirical data on the psychological, criminological, socio-demographic characteristics of minors who have committed crimes, an attempt is made to typologize the designated group. As a result of the conducted research, priority areas of psychological and pedagogical work with minors in order to prevent crime were identified.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Social Environment on the Formation of Crime in Minors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
A. Sizeva
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
Illegal Behavior ◽  
The Social

The article examines the influence of the criminal subculture on the formation of juvenile delinquency. The analysis of the influence of the criminal subculture on the formation of the legal consciousness of minors is carried out, the conditions and processes of deformation of the personality of minors, the emergence of a tendency to illegal behavior and the commission of offenses are considered.

scholarly journals Different Approaches to the Social and Psychological Support for Adolescents in Conflict with the Law: Russian and Foreign Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
A. Velikotskaya ◽  
A.V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Support System ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Law ◽  
Effective Conditions

The article is devoted to the socio-psychological support and re-socialization of adolescents who are in conflict with the law. Effective conditions for social and psychological support and re-socialization of adolescents in the situation of the offense, according to the authors, is directly related to the response mechanisms of the state and society on juvenile delinquency. Therefore, this article focuses on the analysis of different ways to respond to juvenile delinquency in the Russian and foreign governmental systems. A separate section is devoted to the practice of restorative justice, which is implemented on the border of the legal, social, educational and psychological areas and is an important component of social and psychological support to the teenager in the situation of the offense and a valuable resource to support system and creating conditions for the re-socialization of juvenile offenders.

scholarly journals Razoreni dom i maloljetnička delikvencija u Jugoslaviji od 1953. do 1988.

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branko Milosavljević
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
Broken Homes ◽  
Broken Home ◽  
Official Data ◽  
Research Show

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of broken home on juvenile delinquency in Yugoslavia during the period from 1953 to 1988.. The research was conducted of official data for: children from bralyin homes, juvenile delinquents from broken homes and juvenile delinquents from complete homes (families with both biological parents present). In Yugoslavia during the period from 1953 to 1988 thpre were 1.680.330 children from homes and 200.098 juvenile delinquents (adolscents 14-18 years old were sentenced in court for certain Criminal delicts). The results from this research show: first, that there were about 2.5 times more juvenile delinquents from complete homes that from broken homes; speond, that the trend of increase in number of children who live in broken homes was not parallele to the increase in amount of juvenile delinquency; to the contrary, there was a proportional decrese in juvenile delinquency (all correlation coefficients between broken home and juvenile delinquency were negative numbers in the range from - .62 to -.76 significant at X)1 level); and, third, that majority of juvenile delinquents from broken home category came from divorced parents. The results are compared with the data of other authors and discussed in terms of some theories of juvenile delinquency.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic profile of juvenile delinquent in Serbia

2020 ◽  
pp. 419-435
Author(s):  
Jovana Cikic ◽  
Ana Bilinovic-Rajacic ◽  
Milena Kojic
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Juvenile Offender ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Juvenile Delinquent ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Warning Effect

In this paper, there are analyzed data on socio-demographic characteristics of juvenile delinquents in Serbia. The evidence of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia have been used for this purpose. The reference period for the analysis is between 2005, after the adoption of the new Law on Juvenile Offenders (2005) and 2016. The analysis is based on two research questions: a) what the socio-demographic characteristics of juvenile delinquents are and b) whether the observed characteristics change within the analyzed period. Based on identified characteristics, the aim of the analysis is to point out the possible factors that shape the juvenile delinquency, its features and change in contemporary Serbian society. The analysis has shown: a) previously observed oscillating trend in total number of cases of juvenile delinquency, b) low ratio of juvenile delinquents in total number of offenders with the modest tendency of increase during the analyzed period and c) moderate changes towards diversity of offenses. According to the data, typical juvenile offender is male, with no formal elementary education and often a dropout. Among convicted, one third lives in single-parent families. Observed typical characteristics do not necessarily cause juvenile delinquency among youngsters but may have a warning effect, especially if they act simultaneously, superposing mutual impacts and generating new risks.

Operationalizing routine activity theory in juvenile delinquency: A social work perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Taufik Mohammad ◽  
Intan Nooraini ◽  
Nur Atikah Mohamed Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Suitable Target

Routine activity theory, introduced by Cohen and Felson, may be useful in informing social workers to design better interventions with juvenile offenders. This article aims to apply the theory in the juvenile context through operationalizing the three elements specified by the theory – namely an absence of guardianship, a motivated offender and a suitable target. In order to do this, this article reviewed related studies that have been conducted to detail what is necessary to address juvenile delinquency. The operationalizations in this article may be used to advance further research and social work practice with juvenile delinquents.

scholarly journals Children of the Streets: Criminological Characteristics of Street Organized Crime of Minors

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Sebila Ya. Salamova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Organized Crime Groups

Purpose. The author has set a goal to examine the state of juvenile crime, especially its organized forms, the geographical distribution of street crime is minor, the distinctive personality traits of juvenile offenders. Methodology: the research is based on the General scientific dialectical method of cognition. In the course of the research, such methods as analysis and synthesis, statistical method, and observation method were used. Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, the author concludes that today we can talk about the real problem of criminalization of youth that requires attention, including its highest form-the Association of minors in youth criminal groups, which are the basis for future adult organized crime groups that are a destructive force for the country as a whole. Scientific and practical significance. The research conducted in the article gives an idea of the state of juvenile delinquency, reveals the criminological portrait of a juvenile delinquent, and based on the analysis of modern juvenile delinquency, substantiates its links with organized crime. The work, in our opinion, can be useful for a wide range of readers: students, postgraduates, teachers and researchers.

scholarly journals Social Portrait of a Pupil of the Simferopol Correctional Shelter for Minors (Late Xix - Early Xx Centuries)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (SPE3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Olegovich Egorov ◽  
Alla Anatolyevna Zadereychuk ◽  
Valeria Andreevna Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

The article presents a multiple-criteria analysis of the composition of the Simferopol correctional shelter of the late XIX - early XX centuries. The social well-being of a child who showed elements of destructive behavior is assessed, the role of an educational institution in the life of juvenile delinquents is examined. The authors compiled a social profile of the pupil of the Simferopol correctional shelter, based on dominant indicators according to different criteria: the grounds for sending juvenile delinquents to the shelter, their age, the length of stay of juvenile offenders in the correctional institution, the family composition and literacy of the delinquent, religious and social status, place of residence, crimes committed, determining the definition of juvenile delinquents in a shelter, further life after release. The article analyzes the misconduct of foster children in a shelter and considers the system of punishment for juvenile delinquents.

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-457
Author(s):  
Niels L. Low ◽  
Shelton P. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Breath Holding

One hundred juvenile delinquents were examined electroencephalographically in order to investigate the incidence and importance of obvious or previously unrecognized temporal lobe epilepsy. This correlation was not found to be significant. Twenty-nine patients were found to have 14 and 6 per second positive spikes. Inquiry also revealed that 13 of the 89 teenagers, for whom a good history could be obtained, had had breath-holding spells in earlier years.

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