scholarly journals Penyuluhan Hukum Perlindungan Hak Petani Terhadap Pengembangan Varietas Tanaman Lokal Di Negeri Layeni Dan Negeri Wotay Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ronald Saija ◽  
Muchtar Anshary Hamid Labetubun ◽  
Michael Nussy ◽  
Jimris F Nikodemus
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Business Entities

Introduction: The use of resources in a directed and efficient manner requires complete availability of data and information regarding climatic conditions, soil and other physical environmental characteristics, as well as requirements for cultivated plants, especially plants that have sufficient market opportunities and economic meaning. The development of plantation commodities in Central Maluku Regency, Teon Nila Serua District, especially Negeri (Village) Layeni and Negeri Wotay is slower than the potential available land.Purposes of Devotion: Providing an understanding of the protection of traditional crop varieties for the rights of farmers, especially farmers in Negeri Layeni  and Negeri Wotay, Central Maluku RegencyMethod of Devotion: Performed with the lecture method by each of the presenters. The lecturer is given time to deliver the material, after which the participants are invited to ask a problem or question, which is then answered in turn by the speaker according to the problem being asked.Results of the Devotion: Efforts to increase productivity are strongly influenced by success in improving the genetic potential of plant varieties. Activities that can produce more superior plant varieties need to be encouraged by providing incentives for people or business entities engaged in plant breeding that produce new varieties so as to provide greater added value to users. The strategy for developing superior plantation commodities must be implemented based on the principles of benefit and sustainability and integration. Plantation development in Central Maluku Regency must be based on land potential.

scholarly journals IT'S NOT JUST THE TECHNOLOGY, IT'S THE SURROUNDING SYSTEM: HOW RESEARCHERS IN ECUADOR FOUND WAYS TO MAKE THEMSELVES USEFUL TO FARMERS THROUGH QUINOA AND LUPIN SEED SYSTEMS

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (S1) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
NELSON MAZÓN ◽  
EDUARDO PERALTA ◽  
ÁNGEL MURILLO ◽  
MARCO RIVERA ◽  
ALFONSO GUZMÁN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Systematic Understanding

SUMMARYAgriculture research often focuses on a technical problem. However, the most effective researchers usually intuit that this entry point is not sufficient to make themselves useful to farmers and nudge systems. Yet non-technical work frequently goes undocumented leaving many of the drivers of success unstudied. This paper attempts to understand the factors that contributed to the wide utilization of native crop varieties and species that were being promoted by the Ecuadorian National Agriculture Research Institution. The results show that what really made a difference in farmers' lives and the overall food system was increasing farmers' knowledge and capacity to produce quality seeds, promoting the consumption of these crops to national consumers, and linking farmers to outside groups. As a result, over a period of five years three case studies on three different farmer groups showed adoption rates of new varieties of between 20–50% and that they were able to produce approximately 7.5% of the annual demand for quinoa and lupin seed in Ecuador, from a starting point of virtually nothing. The research shows that the added value of a research institution might not be known at the beginning of the intervention, but rather will emerge over time through dialogue and negotiation based on systematic understanding of the context. Therefore, an appropriate stance for external organizations is to begin with an awareness of the existing assets of a specific farmer group and provide options that can be leveraged by local communities.

scholarly journals Overcoming barriers to the registration of new plant varieties under the DUS system

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Jian Yang ◽  
Joanne Russell ◽  
Luke Ramsay ◽  
William Thomas ◽  
Wayne Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Property System ◽  
Dus Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Combinatorial Space ◽  
New Crop

AbstractDistinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) is an intellectual property system introduced in 1961 by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) for safeguarding the investment and rewarding innovation in developing new plant varieties. Despite the rapid advancement in our understanding of crop biology over the past 60 years, the DUS system has changed little and is still largely dependent upon a set of morphological traits for testing candidate varieties. As the demand for more plant varieties increases, the barriers to registration of new varieties become more acute and thus require urgent review to the system. To highlight the challenges and remedies in the current system, we evaluated a comprehensive panel of 805 UK barley varieties that span the entire history of DUS testing. Our findings reveal the system deficiencies such as inconsistencies in DUS traits across environments, limitations in DUS trait combinatorial space, and inadequacies in currently available DUS markers. We advocate the concept of genomic DUS and provide evidence for a shift towards a robust genomics-enabled registration system for new crop varieties.

scholarly journals Results and prospects for the development of scientific research in FSBSI FSVC

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
V. F. Pivovarov ◽  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
O. N. Pyshnaya ◽  
L. K. Gurkina
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Microspore Culture ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Creation

The article reflects the issues of the current state of scientific research at the FSBSI FSVC, shows the directions and prospects for the development of selection and seed production of vegetable crops. The main mission of the selection and seed-growing work of the FSVC is the creation and reproduction of varieties and hybrids of vegetable and melon crops of a new generation, characterized by resistance to abiotic and biotic stressors, high productivity and product quality. One of the main ways to increase the efficiency of the breeding process is the use of modern methods of biotechnology and molecular genetics, which make it possible to obtain new genotypes and reduce the time of breeding. Success has been achieved in the creation of homozygous lines of cabbage, squash, cucumber, carrots. For the first time, it was possible to complete a full cycle of obtaining doubled radish haploids in microspore culture in vitro. The institution pays special attention to immunological research on the resistance of crops and new varieties to diseases, as well as protecting plants from pests and diseases. Phytosanitary monitoring, assessment and selection of resistant genotypes are carried every years. One of the important theoretical and practical problems solved at the institution is the development of environmentally friendly products based on preparations obtained from plants with a high content of biologically active compounds with adaptogenic properties. In the center, a new direction of research in traditional breeding has received significant development - the creation of varieties of vegetable plants with an increased content of biologically active substances and antioxidants, on the basis of which functional products are created. The persistence of modern varieties and hybrids of table carrots, depending on the biochemical composition, has been studied. Methods for enriching vegetable plants with micronutrients are being developed. A large amount of scientific research is being carried out on the development of technologies for the cultivation of new varieties and hybrids, as well as technologies for their seed production. At the branches located in different soil and climatic conditions, hospitals were established to study the interaction of factors controlling soil fertility and the productivity of vegetable crops in agrocenoses (crop rotation, soil treatment systems, fertilizers and plant protection). In general, at the FSBSI FSVC, all research is aimed at developing and improving methods in breeding and seed production of vegetable crops, creating new breeding achievements and developing varietal technologies for their cultivation.

scholarly journals Development of strategy for development of machine-building enterprises of Kharkiv region

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Building Enterprises

The article determines that the machine-building enterprises of the Kharkiv region, which in recent years have undergone structural changes, have been affected by the development of information technology at enterprises, dramatically changing the conditions of enterprises. This forces enterprises to look for effective development strategies aimed not only at implementing their social functions, but also at increasing the degree of their independence and economic independence. Despite the significant scientific achievements of strategy theory and modeling of management processes, it should be noted that some of their important aspects remain underdeveloped. Thus, most theories of strategy go beyond its understanding as a means of maintaining competitive advantage, leaving uncertain questions about the activities of the monopolist. Accordingly, there is no holistic scientific concept of the strategy of development of machine-building enterprises. Kharkiv region is one of the leaders in domestic machine building, Kharkiv region enterprises account for 11.5% of the volume of machine building products of Ukraine, which brought the region to the 2nd position among the regions (after Zaporizhia region). In January-November 2020, machine-building enterprises sold products worth UAH 17.4 billion, which is 11.2% of industrial sales. With this in mind, state-owned machine-building enterprises will have to build their own management strategy taking into account the modern requirements of socio-economic development. It is believed that the underdeveloped system of corporate governance is one of the main reasons for the low efficiency of public entities. Defects in corporate governance lead to: - distortion of information due to the low level of transparency of business entities; - the emergence of a conflict of interest of management and the subjects of management of state property, due to the non-transparent process of appointment of management and inefficient remuneration system; - Lack of corporate governance structures such as supervisory boards and independent directors, who should effectively supervise the activities of business entities; - inconsistencies between the goals set for business entities and the lack of a clear distinction between commercial and non-commercial (socio-political) functions of business entities. This fully applies to state-owned machine-building enterprises. After all, in modern conditions, these enterprises function as government units. In the conditions of transformation of the domestic market of the machine-building enterprises the use of resources uniting the software of foreign manufacturers with domestic becomes important. Therefore, the formation of enterprise development strategy is inextricably linked with modeling the behavior of certain models with specified parameters for further effective operation of the system as a whole.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN BIOMASSA TANAMAN DALAM BIOINDUSTRI PERKEBUNAN MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN BIOENERGI Plant Biomass Management in Plantations Bioindustry Supporting Bioenergy Development

Perspektif ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Suci Wulandari ◽  
Sumanto Sumanto ◽  
Saefudin Saefudin
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Plantation Crops

<p>Biomassa tanaman perkebunan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pangan, pakan, dan bioenergi. Hasil penelitian dan perkembangan teknologi telah mendorong pemanfaatan biomassa bagian-bagian tanaman tersebut. Tanaman perkebunan memiliki potensi besar untuk menghasilkan biomassa yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pengembangan energi terbarukan. Pemetaan potensi biomassa telah banyak dilakukan pada tanaman perkebunan, seperti pada: tebu, kakao, kelapa sawit, kemiri sunan, jarak pagar, kopi, kelapa dalam, karet dan teh. Pengembangan sistem produksi pangan dan biomassa untuk pembangkit energi melalui sistem multi tanam berbasis komoditas perkebunan telah dikembangkan.  Di Kabupaten Aceh Timur telah dilakukan pengembangan sistem agroindustri juga memanfaatkan semua produk samping, mendorong daur ulang dan pemanfaatan residu. Pemanfaatan potensi bioenergi masih dihadapkan pada berbagai kendala distribusi, kontinuitas pasokan bahan dan aspek ekonomi. Menyikapi hal tersebut langkah strategis dapat dilakukan melalui: analisis neraca karbon, alokasi lahan, pemanfaatan lahan, pemanfaatan sumber daya secara berkelanjutan, dukungan teknologi, fokus pada nilai tambah yang tinggi dan perbaikan tata kelola. Selanjutnya perbaikan pada pengembangan sistem pangan energi terpadu dapat ditempuh melalui: (1) sosialisasi dari inovasi teknologi, (2) membentuk kawasan-kawasan pertanian terpadu di daerah sentra pengembangan dan (3) memperkuat kelembagaan petani untuk mengembangkan agroindustri.</p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong><strong> </strong>ABSTRACT</p><p align="center">Biomass from estate crops can be used for food, feed, and bioenergy. The results of research and technological developments have encouraged the utilization of biomass of these plant parts. Plantation crops have great potential to produce biomass that can be utilized in the development of renewable energy. Mapping of biomass potential has been carried out in plantation crops, such as: sugar cane, cocoa, oil palm, candlenut, jatropha, coffee, deep coconut, rubber, and tea. The development of food and biomass production systems for energy generation through a commodity-based multi-cropping system has been developed. In East Aceh District an agro-industrial system development has also been carried out utilizing all byproducts, encouraging recycling and utilizing residues. The utilization of bioenergy is still faced with various distribution constraints, continuity of material supply and economic aspects. In response to this, strategic steps can be taken through carbon balance analysis, land allocation, land use, sustainable use of resources, technology support, focus on high added value and improved governance. Furthermore, improvements to the development of integrated energy food systems can be pursued through (1) socialization of technological innovations, (2) establishing integrated agricultural areas in plant centers and (3) strengthening farmer institutions to develop agro-industries.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Creation of competitive varieties of melon and pumpkin with valuable economic trends

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
M. S. Kornilova ◽  
D. P. Kurunina ◽  
G. V. Varivoda
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties

Relevance. The soil and climatic conditions of the Lower Trans-Volga region are considered favorable for melon growing and make it possible to obtain high-quality products. The purpose of the research was to create new competitive varieties and hybrids of melon and pumpkin.Materials and methods. The object of the research is new varieties of melon and butternut pumpkin created at the Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station. Melon cultivar Osen and pumpkin cv. Zhemchuzhina were used as standards. The methods of creation are intervarietal hybridization, individual and mass selection. During the growing season, appropriate observations and counts were carried out.Results. As a result of many years of breeding work at the Bykovskaya cucurbits selection experimental station, a melon cultivar 251 and a pumpkin cultivar 509 have been created. both producers and consumers. Therefore, the obtained varieties were evaluated for taste, yield, resistance to biological and abiofactors of the environment, dry matter content, fruit size, fruit and pulp color. During the comparative assessment of the accessions, it was determined that the new varieties of melon and pumpkin exceed the standards in terms of the main economically valuable traits. The average yield during the study, in the melon cultivar 251, exceeded the standard by 47.8%. In the pumpkin cultivar, the average yield for three years of research exceeded the standard by 69.6%. In terms of taste, the new melon variety was at the level of the standard, the cv. Osen. A variety of butternut pumpkin exceeded the standard in all quality indicators. The susceptibility to powdery mildew in the melon cultivar varied depending on the year of research. The melon sample showed resistance to anthracnose higher than the standard by 16.4 and 18.6%, over the years of study. In the pumpkin cultivar, resistance to powdery mildew and anthracnose was higher than the standard, on average by 34.9% to powdery mildew and by 28.6% to anthracnose. Thus, new varieties of melon and pumpkin meet the modern requirements of the industrial melon industry, are resistant to environmental stress factors, common diseases, and have economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Boosting Rural Areas Revitalization in the Mediterranean through Cross-cutting Approach Based on Ecological and Social Resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
C. Echave ◽  
A. Palladus ◽  
M. Boy-Roura ◽  
M. Cacciutolo ◽  
S. Niavis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
The Mediterranean

Urban areas have been identified as one of the key challenges to tackle in the next decades. Most of the environmental impacts associated to urban contexts are linked to an unsustainable use of resources basically due to urban planning and society’s consumption behaviour. Currently, the paradigm of sustainable cities brought out in the past years situates urban contexts as an opportunity to reduce these impacts. There is a wide range of strategies focused on cities and their transition to a more sustainable urban model: compactness, sustainable mobility, energy efficiency, waste management and greening are some of the most relevant approaches with clear indicators and implementation plans. However, rural areas are still pending for  a precise strategy that highlights their ecological added value avoiding to be defined only as “not urban”. Rural areas should be emphasized from their productivity perspective and their key role in terms of resilience and adaptation to Climate Change. In the framework of the Interreg Med Programme, Thematic Communities are working on the capitalisation of projects from different kind of approaches of application in the Mediterranean Area. Four of these communities - Renewable Energy, Green Growth, Sustainable Tourism and Efficient Buildings - have several projects that present rural areas as one common territory of intervention. The aim of this paper is to expose the standards and goals proposed by the Interreg Med Thematic Communities for Rural Areas Revitalization as a resilience strategy in the Mediterranean Region, using a cross-cutting approach. The cross-cutting approach stresses the relation among the environment, society and economy: rural liveability, increasing RES production with sharing microgrid systems & efficient buildings, as well as green economy based on sectors such as agricultural & tourism activities. These standards and results will provide reference values to shape final policies recommendations. Consequently, the present paper is based on the joint cross-thematic effort and work from four thematic communities of the Interreg MED programme, previously mentioned. It includes some references to existing research studies, but the aim is to open the path to identify new challenges of Mediterranean rural areas and find potential solutions from a holistic approach.

scholarly journals A systematic overview of institutions and bodies active in physical activity promotion in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Systematic Overview ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Expert Input ◽  
Health Enhancing Physical Activity

Objectives: Growing interest in physical activity has led to the development of a number of organizations, networks and associations, including grass-root, professional and academic institutions. To maximize relevance and effectiveness of work undertaken in this field, we aimed at developing a systematic overview of institutions active in health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). Methods: Systematic, purposive weblink-search complemented by expert input; classification by institutional type, main activity and synergy with goals of HEPA Europe, the European network for the promotion of HEPA. Results: Of 127 identified institutions, 42 met the criteria of being European and active in physical activity promotion. 45.3% were NGO/associations, 33.3% were networks, 11.9% WHO units or platforms and 9.5% bodies of the European Commission. Sport was the main topic of 28.6% institutions. Health promotion was represented with 21.4%, physical activity promotion and transport/environment with 19.0% each, disease prevention with 7.2% and nutrition with 4.8%. Seven institutions had a high synergy to HEPA Europe’s goals. Conclusions: The search identified many institutions, networks and initiatives, which 1. reflects the growing interest in and importance of physical activity for a number of stakeholders, 2. provides increased capacity to address this important topic on a European scale and 3. creates a “critical mass” to push the agenda forward into clearer and synergetic directions. Systematically mapping key players is a useful tool for institutions active in an environment with a multitude of actors to ensure that activities provide added value, to avoid duplication and to promote partnership and efficient use of resources.

scholarly journals Prospects of practical use of new potatoes state varietal resources in the north-east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Kozhushko ◽  
M.M. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
D.V. Smilyk ◽  
V.I. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to statistic evaluation of the manifestation of signs of the economic suitability of state sort resources of 2019 registration potatoes when growing it in different agro-climatic conditions, a significant advantage of influence of the forest-steppe conditions was determined. Compared to Polesia the increase of yield rose for 4.1 t/ha or 18 % (НІР05 = 2.18, Ffact= 12.65 > F05 = 4.22) and the amount of trade potato for 22.72 ha or 20 % (Ffact = 58.87). There is also a tendency to increase the number of starch from unit of area for – 17 % and the total consumer properties for – 8 %.  However, there is a significant difference in the reduction of storability of products by 45 % and the lack of it’s resistance to macrosporiosis and late blight. It was proved that the yield of varieties for cultivation in the polesia zone by 25.7 % depended on the duration of the growing season (Ffact = 4.14 > F05  = 0.06). The relationship between yield and starch of potatoes in Polesia zone varieties  was determined – 23.6 % and in forest-steppe – 17.3 % and starch collection, respectively, 33.6 % and 28.0 %. The dependence of storability of potato which grew in the polesia zone and in forest-steppe from the amount of starch for 15 % was mathematically proved (Ffact = 2.11 > F05 = 0.17) і 11.3 % (Ffact = 1.52 > F05 = 0.24); the dependence of storability on the duration of the growing season in the Forest-Steppe conditions was confirmed(Ffact = 0.66 > F05  = 0.43). In addition, the 12 % of tasting grade of the Forest-Steppe varieties depended on the starch content amount (Ffact = 1.65 > F05 = 0.22). According to the results of the regression analysis, mathematical models have been developed to predict yields, culinary and consumer properties, and the storability of new potato varieties under different growing conditions. The project of a conveyor for the consumption of fresh product in summer  period with the involvement of varieties of early ripeness in the Forest-Steppe was presented: 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Medison, Paroli, 95 days after planting – Bazalia, Bernina, 100 days after planting – Donata, in the Polesia zone ‒ 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Paroli, 95 days after planting –Bazalia, 100 days after planting – Medison, Bernina, Donata. By distribution of varieties by predicted high content of phytonutrients there were bred varieties with red skin and creamy flesh – Bazalia and Sanibel, by high content with yellow flesh – Baltic Rosa and moderate content with white flesh – Oleksandrit, Fotynia, Ricarda. Introduction of new varieties with certain high adaptive potential of storability and content of bioactive compounds in potatoes will provide growth of potato production in the conditions of the northeast forest-steppe and increase its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets and will solve the problem of year-round consumption of fresh quality products.

scholarly journals Distinct features of adaptive and productive potential of prospective pear varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01055
Author(s):  
Svetlana Rezviakova ◽  
Aleksandr Gurin ◽  
Nikolai Revin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Distinct Features

The goal of the research is to identify the most productive and environmentally sustainable varieties of pear in the conditions of the Central Black Earth region of Russia. The research was carried out from 2015 to 2017 in the Oryol Oblast on leached black earth. The average humus content in the arable layer was 6.0–6.5%, phosphorus – 21–27 mg/100g, potassium – 12–15 mg/100 g. Soil acidity was 5.7–6.1. The thickness of the humus horizon was 40–75 cm. The degree of saturation of the bases was within 91%. Climate in the region is moderate-continental, heat is sufficient for the normal growth and development of fruit plants. The trees were planted in 2004; the scheme of planting was 6x4 m. The stock was seedlings of common pear. Accounting was conducted using the “Program and method of studying fruit, berry and nut crop varieties” (Oryol, 1999). The varieties Pamiati Yakovleva and Annushka are characterized by a restrained growth force – 3.5–3.8 m. In the natural climatic conditions of the Oryol Oblast, the Annushka and Velesa varieties are considered hardy, the Rossoshanskaya krupnaya and Svetlyanka – medium-hardy. Varieties Annushka and Velesa are quite resistant to the pathogens of scab, brown and white spotting – the average score for damage to fruits and leaves did not exceed 1.5. On average, for 3 years the yield of the Rossoshanskaya krupnaya pear variety was at the level of the zoned control variety Pamiati Yakovleva. Yields were 112.2 and 108.3 centners per hectare, respectively. The yield of the Annushka variety was 7.5 centners per hectare, or 6.7% higher than that of the control variety.

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