Estimates of gelotophobia and perceived stress among obese individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mubeen Akhtar ◽  
Sadia Maroof ◽  
Shamyle Rizwan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Objectives: The present research was carried out to find out an estimate of gelotophobia among obese individuals. Perceived stress and differences on socio-demographic factors were also studied. Method: The survey design cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June in 2018. A sample of 70 consenting participants (men = 22, women = 48) with BMI ? 25 were recruited through purposive sampling. The instruments of Geloph<15> and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to assess the level of gelotophobia and level of stress in the sample. Demographic details of sample were also recorded to achieve study objectives. Result: The estimate of gelotophobia among obese individuals in the current study showed that 64.2% majority sample had moderate level of gelotophobia, while 10% of the sample had high level of gelotophobia. Statistically significant differences were observed in the level of gelotophobia among individuals having different levels of socio-economic status (p < .05) and with history of being ridiculed by peers (p < .05). However, the present study did not show any significant demographic difference in perceived stress (p > .05). Conclusion: The findings of the study could provide evidence in favour of developing and implementing suitable intervention programs to help control risk of gelotophobia among obese individuals. The study could also assist in creating awareness and understanding about harmful consequences of bullying and nurturing a healthier narrative of conversations and humour among the youth. Keywords: Humor fear, obesity, BMI, body weight. Continuous...

Comparison of Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis and Ankylosing Spondyltis from a Single Rheumatology Hospital in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Akasbi ◽  
Siar Nihad ◽  
Zoukal Sofia ◽  
El Kohen Khadija ◽  
Harzy Taoufik
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Back ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

Background: According to the new classification criteria developed by The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society, patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) can be classified in 2 subgroups: Patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: ankylosing spondylitis patients (AS) and those with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA). Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe and discuss the differences and similarities between the two subgroups. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single rheumatology hospital in Morocco. These included patients diagnosed as having axial spondyloarthritis according to ASAS criteria 2010, during a period of 6 years. The AS and the nr-axSpA subgroups were compared for the various axSpA-related variables. Results: Of the 277 patients with a diagnosis of axial SpA who were included in this study, 160 had AS and 117 had nr-axSpA. AS and nr-ax-SpA shared a similar age at diagnosis, similar prevalence of low back pain, lumbar stiffness, extra-articular manifestations, BASDAI and BASFI. In the multivariate analysis, AS patients were mainly male with cervical stiffness, enthesitis, coxitis and high level of ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). The females generally had a family history of SpA and arthritis and were associated to the nr-axSpA form in the univariate analysis. Conclusion: This was the first study to characterise patients with AS and nr-axSpA in Morocco. Consistent with other studies published, this study showed that patients with nr-axSpA and patients with AS shared a comparable degree of disease burden.

scholarly journals THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Inaniya ◽  
B S Meena ◽  
Mohan Lal Meena ◽  
Aparna Sharma ◽  
Shalini Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The present study aimed to study the demographic profile women with gestational diabetes mellitus Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Results: Mean age of patients was 27.68 ± 4.4 Yrs. Most of the study subjects in GDM group (54.7%) were Hindu. Study subjects in GDM group were almost equally from rural (50.7%).Most of the study subjects in both GDM group (88%) were housewives. Habit of smoking was found in only 6.7% females in GDM group. Habit of alcohol was found in 4% females in GDM group. Family history of diabetes was seen more in females with GDM (17.3%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the socio demographic factors influence the occurrence of GDM. Keywords: GDM, Age, Gravida

scholarly journals Maternal co-relates of anaemia among children aged 1-3 years of age in a rural area of Meerut

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3532
Author(s):  
Tanveer Bano ◽  
Abhishek Agarwal ◽  
Sunil Kumar Garg ◽  
Harivansh Chopra ◽  
Seema Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iron Folic Acid ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia constitutes more than half of the anaemia burden among the under 5 children. In addition to socio-demographic factors, the maternal factors plays an important role in determining childhood anaemia. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia among 1-3 year old children and to find their association with maternal factors.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in a sub centre village under Machhra CHC. Sample size was calculated as 182 by taking the prevalence of anaemia as 79% with 7.5% relative precision and 95% confidence interval. From the list of 404 children obtained from MCTS data, 200 children were selected randomly. Detailed information regarding socio demographic factors and maternal factors was obtained on a pre tested and pre designed questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels were estimated using haemo check rapid diagnostic kit. The data was collected and analyzed on epi info 3.7.2 using appropriate statistical tests.Results: Out of 200 children 77.5% of them were suffering from mild to severe anaemia. Among all the maternal factors studied maternal education, iron folic acid consumption during pregnancy, birth order of the index case and history of exclusive breast feeding were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of anaemia among the children.Conclusions: The present study revealed a high prevalence of anaemia in children and maternal factors plays an important role in determining the disease. 

What is known about Prostate Cancer? Response from Men Aged 50 Years and Above in Lindi Municipal, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Simon Francis ◽  
Obadia V. Nyongole
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level

Background: The incidence of prostate cancer in Tanzania is among the highest recorded in Africa. Prostate cancer is also the most common cancer among men aged 50 years and above in Tanzania. Our study aimed to determine the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes among adult men with age 50 years and above regarding prostate cancer.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 250 adult men aged 50 years and above in Lindi municipal being purposively selected and we interviewed them by using a structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling method was used for obtaining our participants. All men who had stayed for not less than one year in Lindi and willing to participate were enrolled in the study. These men were selected at households without screening whether or not they had taken prostate screening test or had been diagnosed with prostate cancer Quantitative data were cleaned and analyzed with SPSS version 20.Results: Majority, 216(86.7%) of our study participants were aged 50–69 years and most of them, 142(56.8%) had primary education with 93.2% of them being married. Among the study subjects 7.2% had positive family history of cancer and 195(78%) were aware of prostate cancer with source of information being mass media (62.6%). Majority of them, 63.2%, did not know the risk age group. Few, 20.8% of our participants had good knowledge while majority, 95.2% had negative attitude toward prostate cancer. We found a statistically significant association between level of education, family history and level of knowledge regarding prostate cancer with p < 0.005.Conclusion: This study revealed high level of awareness, but poor knowledge regarding prostate cancer and negative attitude toward prostate cancer among men with age ≥50 years in Lindi municipal Tanzania. Key words: Awareness, knowledge, attitude, prostate cancer.

Theory Y Embedded in Theory X

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Göran Wallgren
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
Theory Y ◽  
Theory X

Using the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, this cross-sectional study tests whether the direct effects and interaction effects of job demand and motivators affect the level of perceived stress among information technology (IT) consultants. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among 380 IT consultants at ten IT consultancy companies in Sweden. The results showed that job demands, autonomy, and motivators are important factors that explain perceived stress among the IT consultants. Those consultants with a high level of job demands and a low level of autonomy had a four times higher risk of perceived stress than the consultants with the theoretically lowest level of strain. However, the interaction effect of job demands/autonomy and the interaction effect of job demands/motivators on perceived stress were non-significant. It is suggested that IT consultants’ autonomy exists within the demands dictated by others - Theory Y embedded in Theory X. Future avenues for research are suggested.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and childhood wheezing in rural Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1570-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader ◽  
Emiko Noguchi ◽  
Shams El Arifeen ◽  
Lars Åke Persson ◽  
Sophie E Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
International Study ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serum Total Ige

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between current childhood nutritional status and current wheezing among pre-school children in rural Bangladesh.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingMatlab region, rural Bangladesh.SubjectsChildren (n 912) aged 4·5 years. Anthropometric measurements of the mothers and their children were taken during a 1-year period from December 2007 to November 2008. Current wheezing was identified using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. Serum total IgE was measured by human IgE quantitative ELISA. IgE specific antibody to dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) was measured by the CAP-FEIA system (Phadia AB, Uppsala, Sweden).ResultsWheezing at 4·5 years old was significantly associated with stunting (OR = 1·58; 95 % CI 1·13, 2·22) and underweight (OR = 1·39; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·94). The association with stunting remained significant after adjustment for sex, birth weight, birth length, gestational age at birth, mother's parity, maternal BMI, family history of asthma, socio-economic status, season of birth and intervention trial arm (OR = 1·74; 95 % CI 1·19, 2·56).ConclusionsStunting was a significant risk factor for wheezing among rural Bangladeshi children. Further studies will be required to confirm the relationship between nutritional status and allergic illnesses in developing countries.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude Towards Shisha Smoking Among Health College Students at Princess Nourah University.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atheer Aldoss ◽  
REEM BEN JABER ◽  
NUJUD ALRUSHUD ◽  
Sarah Al-Qahtani ◽  
Randah M. AlAlweet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rehabilitation Sciences

Abstract Background Despite the negative effects of tobacco use, Saudi Arabia is one of the leading causes of death globally. In Saudi Arabia, 17.1% of both sexes and 3.0% of females aged 15 or older smoke. One common way to consume tobacco is through a shisha (waterpipe). This study aims to measure the knowledge of the negative health effects and attitudes toward shisha use among health college students at Princess Nourah University (PNU) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at PNU’s health colleges, with the 525 student participants selected evenly from each college by using cluster sampling into five health colleges(College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Nursing, Dentistry, Medicine and Pharmacy), data was collected by a pretested, structured questionnaire and was coded, entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v.20. Results 15.4% is the percentage for who had a history of smoked shisha. The percentage of current smokers was 4.19%. There was no association between the knowledge and shisha smoking practice ( P = .603). Conclusion In conclusion, the percentage of shisha smoking was high, in spite of having a high level of knowledge. Also, the knowledge toward shisha smoking and shisha practice was not associated. In contrast to a study conducted in USA which showed a slight association between the knowledge and smoking practice. (44)

scholarly journals The Early Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Stress and Addictive Behaviors in an Alcohol-Consuming Student Population in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Flaudias ◽  
Oulmann Zerhouni ◽  
Bruno Pereira ◽  
Cheryl J. Cherpitel ◽  
Jordane Boudesseul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Eating ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
High Level

Background: This study evaluated factors linked with perceived stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown and addictive behaviors prior to and during lockdown in a sample of students who indicated engaging in alcohol consumption behaviors before lockdown.Methods: Cross-sectional study. French students from four universities participated in this study, and 2,760 students reported alcohol use. During the first week of lockdown, students reported their perceived levels of stress regarding COVID-19. Substance use and addictive behaviors were reported before and during lockdown, and media exposure, demographical, living conditions, and environmental stressors were reported during lockdown.Results: Women reported greater levels of stress (95% CI: 1.18 to 1.93, p &lt; 0.001). Highly-stressed students also report less social support (95% CI: −1.04 to −0.39, p &lt; 0.001) and were more likely to worry about the lockdown (95% CI: 0.27 to −0.65, p &lt; 0.001). Alcohol-related problemswere more prevalent among the most stressed students (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.09, p = 0.004) as well as eating problems (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.36, p = 0.016) and problematic internet use (95% CI, 0.06 to 0.14, p &lt; 0.001). Students reporting the highest levels of stress also indicated more compulsive eating during the previous seven days (95% CI, 0.21 to 1.19, p = 0.005).Conclusions: The level of stress was strongly related to four categories of variables: (i) intrinsic characteristics, (ii) addictive behaviors before lockdown, (iii) lockdown-specific conditions, and (iv) addictive behaviors during the lockdown. Several variables linked to COVID-19 were not directly linked with perceived stress, while perceived stress was found to correlate with daily life organization-related uncertainty and anticipated consequences of lockdown. Importantly, social support seems to be a protective factor on high level of stress.

scholarly journals Assessment of gadgets addiction and its impact on health among undergraduates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind K. Kumar ◽  
Mayur S. Sherkhane
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
High Level

Background: Technology has made our youth the most vulnerable group among today’s population, because of their accessibility and addiction to newer gadgets, which are cheap and easily available. Society has always been worrying about the term ‘Drug Addiction’ of our youth but ‘Gadget Addiction’ is a more critical area of concern in the present era and is a threat to the social infrastructure in the future. Addiction is an irrepressible urge which is accompanied by loss of control leading to lower emotional intelligence indirectly deteriorating the academic and professional performance as well as hampering their family life leading to life threatening problems in future.Methods: Cross sectional study was done among 200 undergraduates using predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Gadget dependency was analysed using 5-point Likert-scale. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was used for analysing the data collected.Results: 71% belonged to 21-24 years age group. 73.5% were males and 43.5% belonged to class I socio-economic status and 70% had normal BMI. 72.5% of subjects had first gadget at 16-20 years and 90.5% were using smart-phones as a common gadget, of them, 50.2% were using for more than 7 hours a day. 61% had difficulty in day to day work performance. Females were more prone compared to males (p=0.008).Conclusions: High level of dependency was present with gadget addiction. Health action to be taken in form of counselling about the pros and cons in the early phase can prevent future complications. 

scholarly journals Is previous azithromycin treatment associated with azithromycin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae? A cross-sectional study using national surveillance data in England

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soazig Clifton ◽  
Katy Town ◽  
Martina Furegato ◽  
Michelle Cole ◽  
Hamish Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Azithromycin Resistance

ObjectivesIt has been suggested that treatment of STIs with azithromycin may facilitate development of azithromycin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) by exposing the organism to suboptimal doses. We investigated whether treatment history for non-rectal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) or NG (proxies for azithromycin exposure) in sexual health (GUM) services was associated with susceptibility of NG to azithromycin.MethodsAzithromycin susceptibility data from the Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance Programme (GRASP 2013–2015, n=4606) and additional high-level azithromycin-resistant isolates (HL-AziR) identified by the Public Health England reference laboratory (2013–2016, n=54) were matched to electronic patient records in the national GUMCAD STI surveillance dataset (2012–2016). Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between history of previous CT/NGU/NG and subsequent susceptibility of NG to azithromycin.ResultsModal azithromycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.25 mg/L (one dilution below the resistance breakpoint) in those with and without history of previous CT/NGU/NG (previous 1 month/6 months). There were no differences in MIC distribution by history of CT/NGU (P=0.98) or NG (P=0.85) in the previous 1 month/6 months or in the odds of having an elevated azithromycin MIC (>0.25 mg/L) (Adjusted OR for CT/NGU 0.97 (95% CI 0.76 to 1.25); adjusted OR for NG 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65 to 1.04)) compared with those with no CT/NGU/NG in the previous 6 months. Among patients with HL-AziR NG, 3 (4%) were treated for CT/NGU and 2 (3%) for NG in the previous 6 months, compared with 6% and 8%, respectively for all GRASP patients.ConclusionsWe found no evidence of an association between previous treatment for CT/NGU or NG in GUM services and subsequent presentation with an azithromycin-resistant strain. As many CT diagnoses occur in non-GUM settings, further research is needed to determine whether azithromycin-resistant NG is associated with azithromycin exposure in other settings and for other conditions.

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