scholarly journals Serum vitamin D3 levels in pregnant women with preeclampsia at third trimester of pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Anas Sadek ◽  
Rayah Baban ◽  
May Al-Habib ◽  
Enas Khazaali
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vitamin D3 Deficiency ◽  
Control Study

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific condition, characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. One of the hypotheses concerning the etiology of PE is vitamin D3 deficiency during pregnancy. Vitamin D3 is especially important during pregnancy as low maternal vitamin D3 stores may contribute to problems like low birth weight as well as an increased risk of maternal comorbidities. Objectives: To evaluate serum vitamin D3 levels and how they can be affected by the severity of PE at the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: This case-control study included a total of 71 pregnant women at the third trimester of pregnancy (41 with PE and 30 without PE as controls). Vitamin D3 serum level was measured by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The study’s findings showed no significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level (p>0.05) between controls (14.41±1.41ng/ml) and PE patients (14.32±1.00). As well, subgroup analysis revealed non-considerable changes between mild PE cases (15.92±1.73 ng/ml) and severe ones (13.07±1.09 ng/ml). Conclusions: PE and its severity may have no significant effect on serum vitamin D3 levels of pregnant women at the third trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Platelet Count In Preeclampsia

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Sultana ◽  
SM Fazlul Karim ◽  
Farhana Atia ◽  
Shahnila Ferdousi ◽  
Selina Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Preeclampsia is one of the most leading causes of maternal mortality in developing countries like Bangladesh. Several studies have demonstrated the relationship between platelets count and preeclampsia. The aim of the study was to assess the association of platelets count with preeclampsia. A case control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. A total number of 100 pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy attending in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department of Dhaka Medical Hospital were selected as study subjects. Among them 50 diagnosed cases of preeclampsia were selected as cases and 50 normal healthy pregnant women as controls. Platelet count was measured in all study subjects. The mean platelet count in cases and controls were 1,44,260±96,472 and 1,98,100±51,219 respectively. The present study showed significant difference of mean platelet count between cases and controls. The study revealed that low platelets count is associated with preeclampsias. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i2.16018 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (02): 24-26

scholarly journals The thickness changes of retina in high myopia patients during the third trimester of pregnancy: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Puying Wei ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives To observe and compare the difference in retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) between patients with high myopia (HM) during the third trimester of pregnancy and age-matched HM non-pregnant women. Methods A case-control study. A total of 39 eyes from 39 HM women in the third trimester (study group) and 50 eyes of 50 age-matched non-pregnant women with HM (control group) were included. All subjects underwent SD-OCT examination. The built-in software was used to measure the retinal thickness in macular region. The data from two groups were compared using independent-samples t test. Results Among the 89 subjects in this study, the mean gestational age of the study group was 35.09 ± 2.44 weeks, and the average age was 32.24 ± 3.75 years. The average age of the control group was 34.04 ± 7.19 years old. Compared with the control group, the average thickness of parafoveal area, and the average thickness of parafoveal superior, inferior, temporal quadrants of the superficial retina and the average thickness of the foveal and parafoveal of the superficial retina were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the average thickness of all quadrants of the retina in the parafoveal area except the nasal quadrant were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Conclusions In this observational study, the retinal thickness of patients with high myopia during the third trimester of pregnancy was thinner than that of non-pregnant women with age-matched high myopia.

scholarly journals Nerve growth factor is closely related to glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the second trimester: a case–control study in Chinese

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyang Tang ◽  
Mingjuan Luo ◽  
Wenqian Lu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective Inflammation-related factors have been shown to play a significant role throughout pregnancy. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationships between selected inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes (GDM) in Chinese pregnant women. Design and methods This was a 1:1 matched case–control study that included 200 pairs of subjects in the second trimester and 130 pairs of subjects in the third trimester. Serum levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, Interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The associations of these inflammatory factors with metabolic parameters were analysed. Results In the second trimester, GDM patients had higher NGF levels and lower IL-8 levels than did normal controls (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). However, in the third trimester, only lower leptin levels were observed in the GDM group (P = 0.031). Additionally, in the second trimester, NGF levels were not only positively associated with fasting, 1-h and 2-h glucose levels and the area under curve of glucose, but also positively related to insulin sensitivity and secretion, as suggested by fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment index of β-cell secretion (HOMA-β) (all P < 0.05). Moreover, IL-6 and leptin levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, and TNF-α levels were positively related to HOMA-IR (all P < 0.05). Except for the relationships between NGF and HOMA-β and TNF-α and HOMA-IR, the other correlations still existed even after adjusting for confounding factors (all P < 0.05). Conclusion In addition to the positive associations of IL-6 and leptin with insulin resistance and secretion, NGF was higher in the GDM patients and strongly linked to glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell function in Chinese pregnant women in the second trimester.

Are Anti-β2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies Associated with Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications? A Nested Case–Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Skeith ◽  
Karim Abou-Nassar ◽  
Mark Walker ◽  
Tim Ramsay ◽  
Ronald Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Control Study

Background While anti-β2 glycoprotein 1 (anti-β2GP1) antibody positivity is included in the diagnostic criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), the association between anti-β2GP1 and the obstetrical complications of APS has been inconsistently reported and remains unclear. Objective We completed a case–control study nested within the Canadian Ottawa and Kingston (OaK) Birth Cohort to evaluate the association between anti-β2GP1 antibody positivity and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Study Design Five hundred cases were randomly selected among pregnant women who experienced any of the following independently adjudicated placenta-mediated pregnancy complications: preeclampsia, placental abruption, late pregnancy loss (≥ 12 weeks' gestation), and birth of a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant < 10th percentile. Five hundred pregnant women without any placenta-mediated pregnancy complications were selected as controls. Stored blood samples were analyzed for the presence of anti-β2GP1 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Anti-β2GP1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in titers ≥ 20 G/M units (> 99th percentile) were present in 24 of 497 (4.8%) of controls and 33 of 503 (6.6%) of cases. There was no significant difference between cases and controls for the composite outcome of any placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (odds ratio, 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8–2.37, p = 0.25). Conclusion Our results call into question the association between anti-β2GP1 antibodies and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, with further research needed.

scholarly journals Thrombin Generation in Chinese Pregnant Women and the Effect of Insulin Use on Thrombin Generation in Patients with GDM

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 107602961986349
Author(s):  
Feng Dong ◽  
Longhao Wang ◽  
Chengbin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Control Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) is a test to monitor the thrombin generation (TG), a laboratory marker of thrombosis risk, and increases during normal pregnancy, but it is still unclear whether TG is related to the use of insulin in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We performed thrombin generation by CAT on 135 normal pregnant women, including 43 in first trimester, 32 in second trimester, 60 in third trimester, respectively; 68 pregnant women with GDM were also enrolled, 19 patients with GDM using insulin to control blood glucose and 49 patients control their blood glucose through diet and exercise with noninsulin treatment. The overall CAT parameters were calculated using descriptive statistics method with mean ± standard deviation. Mean endogenous thrombin potential, peak thrombin generation, and StartTail time increased significantly with the pregnancy. There was no significant difference in TG test parameters except StartTail time( P = .003) in insulin-treated GDM group when compared to those without insulin in the GDM group. The normal ranges for CAT parameters in pregnant women were determined. Thrombin generation increased significantly in first trimester and remains stable in second and third trimester. The use of insulin in patient with GDM did not affect thrombin generation test. Our study helps to establish the reference range of thrombin generation in Chinese normal pregnant population and provide more basis to predict the risk of thrombus complicating during pregnancy.

Association between Neuroleptics and Venous Thromboembolism: A Case-Control Study.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2601-2601
Author(s):  
Karine Lacut ◽  
Gregoire Le Gal ◽  
Emmanuel Oger ◽  
Dominique Mottier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Preliminary reports suggest that use of antipsychotic drugs is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but others did not confirm these results. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between antipsychotic drugs and VTE. Design: Case-control study (EDITH) designed to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors of VTE. Setting: Brest University Hospital. Participants: 857 patients consecutively hospitalized for a documented venous thromboembolic event were included between May 2000 and May 2004. Controls were matched on age, sex and the main risk factors of venous thromboembolism (cancer, surgery, pregnancy…). Results: The mean age of patients was 67.7 year. No significant difference was found between cases and controls concerning the main characteristics, except for smocking and body mass index. Among cases, 89 (10.4%) were current users of neuroleptics compared to 35 (4.8%) among controls. Current use of neuroleptics was associated with a significant increased risk of venous thromboembolism (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.55–3.48). Excluding neuroleptics used for non psychiatric disorders, and after adjustment on the main confounding factors, this association remained significant (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.00–6.04). No difference was found between the different chemical categories of neuroleptics, but the number of patients in some groups had limited statistical power to demonstrate significant differences. Biological mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain this relation. Analyses are ongoing for anti-phospholipid antibodies and homocysteine. Conclusion: In this case-control study of hospitalized patients, neuroleptics use was associated with a significant increased risk of venous thromboembolism. These results are concordant with previous reports. Nevertheless, further investigations are needed to explain wich mechanisms may be involved in such association and before use of neuroleptics can be definitely considered as risk factor for venous thromboembolism.

Association between Transforming Growth Factor Alpha TaqI Polymorphism and Susceptibility to the Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate in an Iranian Population: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolhamid Amooee ◽  
Seyed Mohammadreza Niktabar ◽  
Mohammad Javad Akbarian-Bafghi ◽  
Majid Morovati-Sharifabad ◽  
Mohamad Hosein Lookzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Background: The TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism is a well-characterized variant for nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NS CL/P), but it has shown inconsistent results of association with nonsyndromic CL/P across a number of studies. Thus, we have performed this case-control study to clarify the association between the TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism and NS CL/P risk.   Methods: One-hundred ten cases with NSCL/P and 110 controls were recruited to the current study. We have genotyped the TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied for strength of association TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism with NSCL/P.   Results: The TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism CC, CT and TT genotypes frequencies in the NSCL/P cases were 30.9%, 57.3% and 11.8%, respectively while the corresponding frequencies in the controls were 37.3%, 52.7% and 10.0%, respectively. The frequency of C and T alleles in the case were 59.5% and 40.5%, respectively while the corresponding allelic frequencies in the controls were 63.6% and 36.4%. There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency for TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism between cases and controls. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of TGF-α TaqI C >T polymorphism among healthy controls was 0.36.   Conclusion: Our study indicates that the TGF-α TaqI C>T polymorphism was not significantly associated with increased risk of NS CL/P in the Iranian population. However, our results still need to be confirmed by further large and well-designed case-control studies.

scholarly journals Perineal Distensibility Using Epi-no in Twin Pregnancies: Comparative Study with Singleton Pregnancies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sayuri Kubotani ◽  
Antonio Fernandes Moron ◽  
Edward Araujo Júnior ◽  
Miriam Raquel Diniz Zanetti ◽  
Vanessa Cardoso Marques Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Twin Pregnancies ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

The aims of this study were to compare perineal distensibility between women with twin and singleton pregnancies and to correlate these women’s perineal distensibility with anthropometric data. This prospective cross-sectional case-control study was conducted among nulliparous women, of whom 20 were pregnant with twins and 23 with a single fetus. Perineal distensibility was evaluated in the third trimester by means of Epi-no, which was introduced into the vagina and inflated up to the maximum tolerable limit. It was then withdrawn while inflated and its circumference was measured. The unpaired Student’s t-test was used to compare perineal distensibility in the two groups and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used to correlate the pregnant women’s perineal distensibility with their anthropometric data. There was no difference in perineal distensibility between the twin group (16.51 ± 2.05 cm) and singleton group (16.13 ± 1.67 cm) (P=0.50). There was a positive correlation between perineal distensibility and abdominal circumference (r=0.36; P=0.01). The greater the abdominal circumference was, the greater the perineal distensibility was, regardless of whether the pregnancy was twin or singleton.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Levels of Vitamin C, Uric Acid and Antioxidant status with Coronary Artery Disease: a Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Torkzaban ◽  
Seyed Amir Mansour Alavi Naeini ◽  
Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mehrdad Namdari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is among the main causes of death in adults. Increase of oxidative stress and defects in antioxidant defense play a major role in endothelium performance and are an effective factor in progress of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to measure the serum level of UA and vitamin C as well as the antioxidant status of CHD patients to evaluate their relationship and compare them with the healthy individual.Materials and methods: The present case-control study was performed on 44 cases and 44 controls. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were measured. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and international physical activity questionnaire were also completed. After 12 hours of fasting, 10 ml blood was sampled from the participants. Uric acid (UA), vitamin C, TAC and MDA were also measured. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS Ver 22 software.Results: A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of uric acid (P<0.001) and vitamin C (P<0.03). However, mean MDA and TAC showed no significant difference between the two groups. The two groups’ difference in terms of vitamin A, E and beta carotene, zinc and selenium intake was not significant. A significant difference was however detected between the two groups in terms of vitamin C intake (P<0.047). A significant relationship was also observed between the systolic blood pressure and CHD (P<0.028).Conclusion: Our results suggest that increasing of serum uric acid and a decrease in serum vitamin C level can be considered as risk factors for CHD patients. Due to the lack of significant correlation between TAC and CHD in this study, it seems that different results will be obtained with increasing sample size.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KETERATURAN KUNJUNGAN ANC (ANTENATAL CARE) DAN KEPATUHAN KONSUMSI TABLET FE DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI KECAMATAN MARON PROBOLINGGO

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Veny Nurmasari ◽  
Sri Sumarmi
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Control Study

Background: Anemia during pregnancy as a risk factor for maternal and fetal health. The government has implemented iron tablet distribution for pregnant women to prevent anemia during pregnancy. Problems arasie due to non-compliance of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets.Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the correlation between regularity of antenatal care visits (ANC), and comlpliance of iron tablets consumption with anemia in third trimester pregnant women.Method: The study used a case control study design. The samples were 30 consists of 15 cases and 15 control taken by simple random sampling method. This study correlated the regularity of ANC visits and compliance to consumption of iron tablets between regularity of antenatal care visits (ANC), and comlpliance of iron tablets consumption with anemia in third trimester pregnant women.The study was conducted in the working area of Maron Health Center Probolinggo in May – August 2018. Data were analyzed using chi square.Results: The results showed that the regularity of antenatal care visits (ANC) (p = 0.001; OR = 4) and compliance of iron tablets consumption (p = 0.001; OR = 3.46) related with anemia. Pregnant women who didn’t regularly visit ANC had 4 times greater risk of anemia, while non-comliance pregnant women consume iron tablets had 3,46 times greater risk of anemia.Conclusion: The regularity of ANC visits and compliance to iron tablet consumption were related to anemia in third trimester pregnant women.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Anemia selama kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko bagi kesehatan ibu dan janin. Pemerintah telah menerapkan distribusi tablet Fe untuk ibu hamil sebagai upaya pencegahan anemia selama kehamilan. Masalah timbul akibat ketidakteraturan ANC dan ketidakpatuhan ibu hamil dalam mengonsumsi tablet Fe.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan keteraturan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil trimester IIIMetode: Menggunakan desain studi case controldengan besar sampel 30 yang terdiri dari 15 kasus dan 15 kontrol diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menghubungkan keteraturan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil trimester III.Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo pada bulan Mei–Agustus 2018. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah chi- square.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara keteraturan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) (p=0,001; OR=4) dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe (p=0,001; OR=3,46) dengan kejadian anemia. Ibu hamil yang tidak teratur melakukan kunjungan ANC memiliki risiko 4 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami anemia, sedangkan ibu hamil yang tidak patuh mengonsumsi tablet Fe berisiko 3,46 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami anemia.Kesimpulan: Keteraturan kunjungan ANC dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil trimester III.

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