scholarly journals The Assessment of Parents’ Awareness of Children Immunization as per Universal immunization program (UIP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-738
Author(s):  
Harsha Dipak Vaidya ◽  
Premkumar P Badwaik
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Immunization Program ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Mental Trauma ◽  
The Government

There are numerous diseases which cause infection in the human beings, it may get cured with medication or without the medication and some of them are become fatal. There are some diseases which get cured completely but leaves behind some damage in human, like polio. This damage not cause physically but also cause mental trauma to children. So, it is better to prevent the disease before manifestation, for that immunization is the best way to prevent and protect from disease by giving medication like a vaccine. Large populations of parents are not aware of the benefits of the immunization. Awareness regarding the vaccination among a small town population is less. The aim by this Survey is parents' awareness of children immunization as per Universal immunization program (UIP). For survey, conducted the cross-sectional observational questionnaire-based community survey in the Yelikeli village of Wardha district, where the assessment of the children immunizations should do up to the age of 5 years. In 94% population of parents are known about the vaccination, which has to be given to their children of age between 1-4 years. Around 82% of parents get information regarding immunization by Anganwadi sevika. The survey concludes that the government immunization coverage reached to the small village.  Most effective mode to provide information about the vaccination program was door to door advertisement which reduces the chances of missing doses of vaccination and because of that parent is well aware of the UIP schedule. The vaccine is enough sufficient to avert severe disease.

scholarly journals Determinants of Immunization Coverage and Associated Factors among Children aged under Two-Year-Old in the National Immunization Program of Mewat district, Haryana (2019-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-196
Author(s):  
Vishesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Immunization Program ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Full Immunization

Background: Vaccination against childhood communicable diseases through Expanded Program on Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. Additional 1.5 million child deaths can be prevented if global vaccination coverage is improved. Mewat district has one of India’s lowest immunization rates despite a long-standing Universal Immunization Program and continues to sustain a high prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases. This study investigates determinants of immunization status among children aged 0-23 months. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020, among 800 children aged 0-23months, randomly selected in one rural and one urban ward each from all 4 blocks of Mewat. Socio-demographic conditions and vaccine-related data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Immunization was assessed by vaccination card and by mother’s recall where the card was unavailable. Results:Mewat has increased full immunization coverage from 13.1% in 2015-16 to 59.4%. Immunization card was available with 68.5% (292/426) beneficiaries. Dropout rates for Pentavalent1 to Pentavalent3 was 27.5% and 54% for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin to measles. After adjusting for the state of residence, religion, gender, paternal education, health professional presence during birth, place of vaccination and knowledge of mother on due dose were significantly associated with full immunization. Awareness gap and fear of side effects for vaccines were main reasons of vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion: Full immunization coverage in the district is sub optimal and behind the desired coverage goal, mainly due to vaccine hesitancy. Enhancing community knowledge about the benefits of vaccination is recommended.

scholarly journals Analysis of Community’s Knowledge of Hepatitis A Disease and Vaccines in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Endarti ◽  
Irfan Ahmad ◽  
Tri Murti Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
National Immunization Program ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Hepatitis A is a viral disease with a high potential for morbidity and mortality which is also the second highest incidence in Indonesia after hepatitis B. The purpose of this research is to measure knowledge of Indonesian community about hepatitis A disease and vaccine and to analyze the factors related to knowledge. This study used an observational survey research design applying a cross-sectional multi-center approach. The number of sample was 500 respondents located in 5 provinces in Indonesia, namely DIY, Lampung, West Java, North Kalimantan, and Central Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was modified from the questionnaire in a similar study before. The results showed that the mean of knowledge score obtained was 75.2% ± 12.2% with a median of 76.9%. There are 2 items of knowledge that were lack understood by respondents, namely treatment of hepatitis A that cannot be treated with antibiotics and immunizations and hepatitis A is not included yet in the national immunization program in Indonesia. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences score of knowledge between groups on the characteristics of the number of dependents (p=0,000), experience of hearing a disease (p=0,000), experience of hearing a vaccine (p=0,000) and the experience of the child being vaccinated (p=0,000). It is recommended that the government conducts education programs for the community of Indonesia to improve knowledge related to hepatitis A diseases and the benefits of using hepatitis Avaccine.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat Terhadap Penyakit dan Vaksin Hepatitis A di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmad ◽  
Dwi Endarti ◽  
Tri Murti Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Hepatitis A is a viral disease with a high potential for morbidity and mortality. It is also the second highest viral disease in Indonesia after hepatitis B. Community’s knowledge regarding Hepatitis A disease dan vaccine is required to support such program for eradication of Hepatitis A. The aims of this study was to measure the knowledge of Indonesian community about hepatitis A disease and its vaccine indicated from knowledge score of correct answer towards questionnaire, as well as to analyze the factors that can influence it indicated from difference of mean of knowledge scores among groups of respondents characteristics. This study used an observational survey research design applying a cross-sectional multi-center approach. The number of sample was 500 respondents located in 5 provinces in Indonesia, namely DIY, Lampung, West Java, Central Kalimantan, and Central Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was modified from the questionnaire in a similar previous study. The results showed that public knowledge related to diseases and hepatitis A vaccine in Indonesia was considered sufficient with the mean score obtained was 75.2% ± 12.2%. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences in score of knowledge between groups on the characteristics of experience of hearing a disease (p=0,000), experience of hearing a vaccine (p=0,000) and the experience of the child being vaccinated (p=0,000). There are 2 items of knowledge that werelack understood by respondents, namely treatment of hepatitis A that cannot be treated with antibiotics and immunizations and hepatitis A is not included yet in the national immunization program in Indonesia. It is concluded that community knowledge regarding hepatitis A disease and vaccine was fair (mean knowledge score between 65 – 80%). However, the government still needs to conduct educational programs for the Indonesian community about disease prevention through the vaccination process and provide counseling about the types of vaccines that are not included in the national health insurance program in Indonesia.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT IBU DALAM PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM LIMA IMUNISASI DASAR LENGKAP DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS BANGETAYU KOTA SEMARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Endang Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
The Impact

AbstrakPemberian Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) pada bayi, merupakan suatu keharusan. Hasil survei Riskesdas tahun 2013 didapatkan data cakupan imunisasi HB-0 (79,1%), BCG (87,6%), DPT-HB-3 (75,6%), Polio-4 (77,0%), dan imunisasi campak (82,1%). Cakupan imunisasi lengkap di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2013 mengalami penurunan. Jumlah sasaran bayi pada tahun 2013 adalah 575.011 menurun dibanding tahun 2012 sebanyak 592.712. Dampak dari cakupan imunisasi yang rendah yaitu cukup tingginya proporsi kematian bayi yang disebabkan karena tetanus neonatorum (TN) di Indonesia,  meningkatnya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor  apa yang mempengaruhi minat ibu dalam pelaksanaan program lima imunisasi dasar lengkap di Wilayah Puskesmas Bangetayu Kota Semarang, Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research, adapun pendekatannya menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Hasil analisis dengan chi square diperoleh hasil signifikansi p value = 0,000 pada karakteristik umur, pendidikan dan pengetahuan, karena p value < 0,05 maka secara statistik ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, pendidikan dan pengetahuan  ibu dengan minat ibu dalam pelaksanaan lima imunisasi dasar lengkap.Kata Kunci : Minat ; Lima Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap THE AFFECTING FACTORS OF INTEREST OF MOTHERS TO IMPLEMENT FIVE BASIC IMMUNIZATIONS PROGRAM IN  BANGETAYU PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER,  SEMARANG DISTRICT Abstract In the immunization program, the provision of Complete Basic Immunization in infants is a must. The result of Riskesdas survey in 2013 revealed immunization coverage of HB-0 was 79,1%, BCG was 87,6%, DPT-HB-3 was 75,6%, Polio-4 was 77,0%, and measles immunization was 82.1%. The coverage of complete immunization in Central Java in 2013 has decreased. The number of targeted infants in 2013 was 575,011, decreased from 592,712 in 2012. The impact of low immunization coverage was the high proportion of infant deaths due to Tetanus Neonatorum (TN) in Indonesia, morbidity and mortality rates among infants also increase. The purpose of this research was to know factors that influence interest of mothers to implement five basic immunization program in Bangetayu Public Health Center, Semarang District. The research type is explanatory research with cross sectional design. The result of analysis with chi square showed p value = 0,000 on the characteristics of age, education and knowledge. As p value <0,05, therefore there is a significant correlation between age, education and mother knowledge with interest of mother to implement five complete basic immunization. Keywords: Interest; Five Basic Immunizations Program

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitudes of Students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University Towards Hepatitis B Vaccine from the Medical Perspective and Islamic Point of View

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Zainuddin Sahir ◽  
Ferryal Basbeth
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
The Government

Background: Hepatitis B is a major cause of morbidity and death, and is still a health problem for many people in the world. Indonesia is one of the countries that has a medium hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence, which is between 3.0% -18.5%. The main content of a vaccine is a virus or bacteria. In addition to active ingredients, there are adjuvants in the vaccine ingredients. The combination of the main active ingredients (antigens) and adjuvants is more effective than using an antigen vaccine only. In Islam, the vaccination includes preventive treatment measures (wiqayah), therefore the vaccines are subject to legal treatment, with various opinions from halal (permissible) to forbidden. This study aimed to find out the knowledge and attitudes of students of faculty of medicine, YARSI University towards Hepatitis B vaccines viewed from the medical and Islamic perspective. Method: The study used cross sectional research design. The participants of this study were active students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University year 2015 by using questionnaire. The total number of students of class 2015 was 250 people. The number of students who met the inclusion criteria was 224 students. Error margin was 5% with a minimum sample estimate of 144 people. Result: As many as 24%  of the students was aware that hepatitis B vaccine contains aluminum, formaldehyde. Meanwhile, 72% of the knew that aluminum side effects causes CNS damage. The percentage of students who knew that rejecting the vaccination can be penalized was 27%. While 69% of the students knew that the provision of vaccine does not require informed consent. About 79% of the students understood that technique treatment from prophet era as an alternative to increase immunity in children. Regarding the attitudes towards vaccine programs promoted by the government, 31.2% of the students disagreed. While 33.1% of the students agreed with the provision of vaccines. The majority of the students (70.8%) agreed with obtaining informed consent before the vaccination. Moreover, 58% of the students Were doubtful about education before giving the vaccine. While 58% of the students disagreed that the technique method can be an alternative to substitute vaccines. Conclusion: Although there was a lack of students’ knowldge about aluminum content, Thimerosal and formaldehyde in vaccines, the students know that long term use of Hepatitis B Vaccine which contain Aluminum, Thimerosal and Formaldehyde can cause damage to the central nervous system. Regarding the students’ attitude towards Hepatitis B immunization, the students agree with the immunization program promoted by the government but they agree that informed consent should be taken and do not know about the sanction if they block or reject the immunization program by the government.

scholarly journals Using a mobile application (“PrimaKu”) to promote childhood immunization in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nani Nurhaeni ◽  
Siti Chodidjah ◽  
Robiyatul Adawiyah ◽  
Astuti Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Attitudes ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
The Government

Background: Universal immunization coverage among children in Indonesia is low compared to the global target. Many children in Indonesia are not fully immunized as recommended by the government, which results in a high mortality rate. The government has developed a mobile application (PrimaKu) to provide information on vaccinations and reminder features. However, the successful use of the immunization features of the app has not been widely studied.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the use of PrimaKu on maternal attitudes toward immunization and complete basic immunizations status among Indonesian children aged 12 to 24 months.Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted at a public health center in West Java Province, Indonesia, from August to December 2020. Convenience sampling was used to select the respondents. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed using binomial logistic regression.Results: A total of 119 mothers were included. About 44.5% of children had a complete basic immunization status. Mothers who had a supportive attitude toward immunization were 3.58 times (95% CI 1.49-8.57, p 0.003) more likely to complete the basic immunization, and those who used the mobile app were 3.23 times (95% CI 1.18-8.87, p 0.034) more likely to complete the immunization. Conclusion: Using the PrimaKu mobile application could increase maternal attitudes toward immunization and complete basic immunization status. Therefore, public health nurses should provide comprehensive education and improve mothers’ literacy to use the application.Funding: This study was funded by Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Immunization coverage among anganwadi preschool children in Kannur, Kerala, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2042
Author(s):  
Anitha S. S. ◽  
A. K. Jayasree ◽  
Devaki Antherjanam S.
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Government ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The Government of India launched the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 1978 with the objective of reducing the mortality and morbidity resulting from vaccine-preventable diseases of childhood. The Coverage Evaluation Survey by UNICEF in 2009 reported that the percentage of children fully immunized in India is only 61%. The objective of this study was to assess the immunization coverage among preschool children attending Anganwadi in Kannur district.Methods: Cross-sectional study done during July 2013- June 2014 among Anganwadi pre-school children. Anganwadi centres were selected using multistage random sampling. The data regarding immunization and socio-demographic factors were collected by interviewing the mothers using a standardized questionnaire. Data was entered in Epi Data version 3.1 and analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 software.Results: In this study 456 preschool children (3-6 years) were studied. Among the study population, 429 children (94.1%) were fully immunized, 25 (5.5%) were partially immunized and 2 (0.4%) were non-immunized. The major reasons for not taking immunization as stated by the respondents were: religious beliefs, personal engagements at the time of immunization, fear of fever after immunization, and that the child had fever at the proposed date.Conclusions: The present study shows that regular follow up and motivation through systems like Anganwadi can improve immunization coverage. The study also identified that children taking vaccination from government sector are more likely to complete the schedule. 

scholarly journals Determinan Perilaku Ibu Dalam Imunisasi Dasar Pada Anak Usia 12-23 Bulan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Lailatul Rahmawati ◽  
Widya Rizki Septianingtyas
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

The immunization program for infants aims to get every baby to get a complete basic immunization. Basic immunization status in children can be influenced by several factors related to community behavior towards immunization. The role of mothers in the immunization program is very important because in general, the parenting responsibility is given to parents, especially mothers. The Jelbuk and Klatakan health centers have the lowest complete basic immunization coverage in Jember in 2015 and 2016. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of maternal behavior in basic immunization in children aged 12-23 months. This type of research is analytic observational with a cross-sectional research design. This research was conducted in the working area of ​​the Health Centers in Jelbuk and Klatakan in August-September 2017. Data collected from 100 mothers who had children aged 12-23 months. The sampling method is cluster random sampling. The results of the study using logistic regression tests showed that the level of knowledge and attitudes affected the basic immunization status of children aged 12-23 months with p-values ​​of 0.002 and 0,000, respectively. Knowledge and attitude of the mother are factors that can influence the completeness of basic immunization, therefore it is recommended to health workers to improve health promotion, especially about immunization so that basic immunization coverage can be increased and the risk of diseases that can be prevented by immunization can be reduced.

scholarly journals COMPULSORY VACCINATION FOR CHILDREN IN MALAYSIA: LEGISLATION AND REALISATION

Yuridika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Jannah Binti Mustafa Khan ◽  
Zuhaira Nadiah Binti Zulkipli
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Compulsory Vaccination ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

For ages, it has been proven that vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventing infectious diseases from spreading in the population of human beings. The result of high immunization coverage is the drastic deteriorations in vaccine-preventable diseases. Hence, it is indeed disturbing to see the report by Ministry of Health that the number of cases of parents refusing vaccination for their children is escalating, for an example, measles and pertussis cases to rise. Whether these parents realized it or not, they had denied the right of their children to be vaccinated against preventable diseases that had been in control all this while because of vaccines, and more, jeopardizing the public health as well. For this reason, the Ministry of Health has contemplated making vaccination compulsory for children as to protect them against preventable diseases and for the benefit of the society as a whole. This article discusses the extent of the regulations that may be implemented. Therefore for the purpose of this article, the scrutinization of vaccination law as implemented in California will be referred. At the end of this article, some recommendations are proposed in relation to the realization of legislation of vaccination regulations that may be implemented by the government, hopefully soon. This article employs a doctrinal analysis and secondary data from academic journals and online databases.

scholarly journals Not covered enough: inadequate age appropriate immunisation in urban slums of Delhi: a community based cross sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 951
Author(s):  
Sonali Randhawa ◽  
Shomik Ray
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Immunization Program ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
The Difference

Background: The urban average of childhood immunization coverage rates are partial against children living in slums and mask the disparity within the urban poor. The objective of study was to measure the age appropriate immunization as per India’s Universal Immunization Program (UIP) schedule, explore determinants of coverage and reasons for incomplete immunization in urban slums of New Delhi.Methods: A cross sectional survey was carried out in selected urban slums of West and South East districts of New Delhi. WHO’s coverage cluster survey sampling methodology was used. Three hundred mothers of under five children were selected. Age appropriate immunization status of the children was recorded on physical examination of the vaccination card.Results: Fifty eight percent (56% West; 60% South East district) of sample population was age appropriately immunized. The odds of age appropriate immunization were higher for institutional delivery (OR 10.5, 95% CI 4.27-23.6) and among third born children (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.04-3.30). The odds were equal for people from Delhi or migrated from different state (OR: 1.015, 95% CI: 0.62-1.64). Most common reason for incomplete immunization were obstacles (72.8%) and lack of information (23.2%).Conclusions: There was a consistent drop in coverage among vaccines with more than one dose and by the subsequent dose of vaccine. The difference in coverage estimates among studies emphasise the need for identifying the key reasons of incomplete immunization and finding area specific solutions to improve coverage. 

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