scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties and chromatographic findings of different natural solvent extracts of Vitex negundo Linn.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar ◽  
Harmeet Kaur ◽  
Galib R ◽  
Prajapathi P K
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Chemical Profiles

Introduction: Ayurveda, uses various herbs that are converted into different dosage forms mostly in presence of Jala (water) as solvent. In addition to water; seers also advocated certain other solvents for extraction of active principles from the herbs. Works on using traditional solvents other than water in extracting principles from different herbs are not reported till date. Aims: Considering lack of such evidences, an attempt has been made to prepare Nirgundi Ghana (solid extract of Vitex negundo Linn.) in three different solvents i.e. Jala (water), Kanji (sour gruel) and Gomutra (cow’s urine) and analyze respective physico-chemical profiles. Materials and Methods:  Ghana was prepared by classical methods described in Ayurveda. The samples were analyzed through relevant physico-chemical parameters. Results: In pharmaceutical study; yield was found more in presence of Kanji and Gomutra. Physico-chemical profiles showed few differences, but in most of the cases, they were insignificant. Conclusion: Based on preliminary physico-chemical profiles, it cannot be ascertained the usefulness of the finished products in therapeutics. Relevant experimental studies to identify and characterize the active phyto-constituents and evaluate therapeutic utilities of the principles extracted into the respective solvents are essential in further studies. 

The effect of origin and physico-chemical properties on the kinetics of reduction of mixed NiO-Fe2O3 oxides with hydrogen

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 2098-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Pospíšil ◽  
Jan Topinka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Preliminary Annealing ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Reduction

We investigated the effect of origin and some physico-chemical parameters on the kinetics of reduction with hydrogen of two series of mixed NiO-Fe2O3 oxides differing by their composition, the character of their precursors (mixed crystalline nitrates and coprecipitated hydroxides) and their decomposition temperature.This effect manifested itself by different magnitudes of specific surfaces of the mixed oxides and coherent regions of present phases as well as by different oxidizing abilities of the surface and differences in morphology and phase composition of corresponding samples in both series investigated. Nonlinear or nonmonotonous composition dependences of physico-chemical parameters investigated point to a mutual influence of individual components, which is also a function of the system origin and which modifies its reactivity during its reduction with hydrogen. The kinetics of the reduction was studied thermogravimetrically at 320-410 °C. The reduction of oxides of the hydroxide origin is catalytically accelerated by primarily reduced nickel, whereas in corresponding samples of the nitrate series, the total NiO is bound to the spinel phase and the reduction is delayed. Experimental IR spectra, the effect of preliminary annealing and DTA of the mixed oxides point to an inhibitory effect of water, which is constitutionally bound in trace admixtures of the goethite phase, on the kinetics of reduction of samples in the hydroxide series.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A NEW CLAY-BASED SORBENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sergey V. STEPANOV ◽  
Olga N. PANFILOVA ◽  
Kristina K. ADDUGAFFAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Aluminum Oxides ◽  
Ir Spectrometry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Preliminary Preparation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Finished Sample

The main physical and chemical parameters of a new sorbent developed on the basis of the minerals of the Samara region: clays, peat and dolomite are considered. The particle size of the clay after grinding at the stage of preliminary preparation was less than 1 nm, which relates them to highly dispersed materials. A chemical analysis of the composition of the components showed a high content of silicon and aluminum oxides, which possess ion exchange properties, and also made it possible to assign clays to montmorillonite rocks. The modification of the sorbent was carried out by thermal method. The density of the finished sample was 1.8 g / cm3. The method of scanning electron microscopy showed that the structure of the finished sample belongs to spongy bodies. The method of IR spectrometry confirmed the presence of functional groups in the crystal lattice of the sorbent, which cause not only the physical, but also the ion exchange and chemical nature of sorption.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Parameters of Honey From Melipona mondury Smith, 1863 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Marcos de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Jacqueline Lemos Viana ◽  
Henrique de Abreu Cerqueira Sousa ◽  
Ana Maria Waldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

The physico-chemical properties of honey produced by the stingless bee Melipona mondury from Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil were evaluated. The evaluated characteristics included: water content, electrical conductivity, pH, acidity, water activity, ashes, diastase, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars and saccharose values. The honey samples showed mean values of 29.18% for moisture; 391.5 μS for electrical conductivity; pH of 4.06; 34.3 meq kg-1 for acidity; 0.73 for water activity; 0.18% for ashes; 4.05 (Goethe unit) for diastase; 1.60% for HMF; 65.42% for reducing sugars; and 2.14% of saccharose. Only the diastase activity was above the limits accepted by the Technical Regulation for Identity and Quality of Honey (Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and Supplies). Most parameters are according to those reported in honeys from other species of stingless bees in Brazil.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of water of Ramshagar dighi, the largest man made historical reservoir in northern Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Ashaduzzaman ◽  
MJ Hossain ◽  
S Akther
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Physico Chemical

Ramshagar dighi is a larger historical man made reservoir (Dighi, Bengali meaning) situated at Tajpur village in Dinajpur, Bangladesh. This study was aimed to estimate current status of physico-chemical variables of water of Ramshagar dighi at Dinajpur District, Bangladesh. Monthly average changes in physico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, total dissolved oxygen, air temperature, humidity, rainfall, water depth and pH of water were analyzed for the period of 11 months from May 2011 to March 2012. The average air temperature (°C) at the study area of Ramshagar dighi at Dinajpur District was determined as 24.97 ± 4.92. Our present study showed that physico-chemical properties of water in Ramshagar dighi were monthly average of water temperature (°C) as 24.68 ± 4.77, air temperature (°C) 24.97 ± 4.92, humidity as 82.075 ± 4.14, rainfall as 1534.5 mm, water depth as 9.10 m ± 1.286, pH as7.67± 0.48 and carbon dioxide as 0.85 ± 0.92 as well as dissolved oxygen as 4.65 ± 0.62 respectively during the period of May 2011 to March 2012. Therefore, present study was conducted to assess physico-chemical properties of water of Ramshagar dighi, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.J. bio-sci. 23: 29-37, 2015

scholarly journals Estimation of The Physico-Chemical Parameters in Marine Environment (Yumurtalik Bight- Iskenderun Bay)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Gökhan Tamer Kayaalp ◽  
Oya Işık ◽  
Benin Toklu Alıçlı
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Iskenderun Bay ◽  
Dissolved O2

The study was carried out to estimate the temperature, light intensity, salinity, Dissolved O2 (DO), pH values and the biotic parameter chlorophyll- a in the water column related with the depth. Because, the physico-chemical parameters affect greatly both primary and secondary producers in marine life. For this purpose the physico-chemical properties were determined day and night for 40 meter depth during the eight days. The means were compared by using the analysis of variance method and Duncan’s Multiple Comparison Test. Also physico-chemical parameters were estimated by using the analysis of regression and correlation. The effect of temperature and salinity were found significant according to the result of the analysis of variance during the day. Also the similar results were found for the night. While the effect of the depth on the chloropyll-a a was significant in the night, the effect of the depth on the DO was not significant in the day and night. The correlations among the depth and the parameters were defined. It was found the negative correlation between the depth and the temperature and light intensity. Determination coefficient of the model for salinity was also found different for day time. The correlation values among the depth and the temperature, salinity and pH were found different for the night.

scholarly journals Development of mango flavored Soy Dahi

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Rakhi ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
SAM Hoque ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
High Price ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mango Juice ◽  
Beany Flavour ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The experiment was aimed to prepare mango flavored soy milk based dahi (whole cow milk : soy milk=1:1). To remove the beany flavour of soybean as well as to add the mango flavour, mango juice were added at the rate of 0, 5, 10 and 15%. Data on physical and chemical parameters were recorded and analyzed. It was observed that smell and taste, body and consistency, color and appearance as well as total score were significantly increased (p<0.01) when 5% mango juice added to soy milk based dahi. These properties could further be increased significantly (p<0.01) by increasing the level up to 10% but increasing the level of mango juice up to 15% were significantly decreased (p<0.01) the physical properties. After chemical analysis, a significant increasing (p<0.05) in acidity, total solids and carbohydrate content but a significantly decresing (p<0.05) in fat and ash content of dahi were observed due to the addition of mango juice. Compilation of physico-chemical properties it was observed that addition of 10% mango juice prepared a high quality low cost mango flavored soy milk based dahi. Considering the shortage along with high price of milk we could transfer the techniques to the manufacturer to produce and market the mango flavored soy milk based dahi. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15779 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 44-48

scholarly journals Assessment of natural groundwater physico-chemical properties in major industrial and residential locations of Lagos metropolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekan Taofeek Popoola ◽  
Adeyinka Sikiru Yusuff ◽  
Tajudeen Adejare Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
American Public Health Association ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Residential Locations ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Health Association

Abstract This study investigated groundwater quality collected from two industrial and residential locations in each of Lagos metropolis. Prescribed standard procedures of American Public Health Association were used to measure physico-chemical parameters of each of the groundwater samples which include pH, EC, DO, TDS, BOD, COD, anions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−) and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Fe, Co, Cd and Cr). From laboratory analysis, measured physico-chemical parameters were within the permissible ranges specified by the WHO and NSDWQ except pH, TDS, EC, Pb, Mn and Fe for groundwater samples from industrial locations and pH, Pb, Mn and Fe for residential locations. Higher concentrations of TDS and EC reported for groundwater samples from industrial locations were attributed to heavy discharge of effluents from industrial treatment plants as well as dissolution of ionic heavy metals from industrial activities of heavy machines. Statistical Pearson’s correlation revealed physico-chemical parameters of water quality to be moderately and strongly correlated with one another at either p  < 0.05 or < 0.01.

scholarly journals Sensory Profile and Physico-Chemical Properties of Artisanal Honey from Zulia, Venezuela

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyanira Araujo ◽  
Pilar Ruiz Pérez-Cacho ◽  
Salud Serrano ◽  
Rafaela Dios-Palomares ◽  
Hortensia Galán-Soldevilla
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean

The physico-chemical parameters and the sensory profile were determined in honeys from apiaries of the Mara and Maracaibo of Zulia State (Venezuela). The analysis of variance showed that there were no significant differences in the mean value between apiaries for most of the physicochemical parameters and sensory attributes. The obtained value for pH (3.58–4.08), free acidity (30.9–36.0 meq/kg), lactone acidity (9.0–14.3 meq/kg), total acidity (42.1–46.0 meq/kg), moisture content (19.1–20.0%), diastase activity (8.11–12.7 ºG), colour intensity (41.5–86.6 mm Pfund), hydroxymethylfurfural (15.7–26.0 mg/kg), and electrical conductivity (0.33–0.52 mS/cm) were within the criteria set by international quality regulations. The sensory profile of these honeys is characterized by being amber in colour, with a floral, acid fruit, balsamic and animal odour/aroma, a sweet, slightly acid taste, and by being fluid and of a medium persistence.

scholarly journals Synthesis of new (arylcarbonyloxy)aminopropanol derivatives and the determination of their physico-chemical properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1757-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Tengler ◽  
Iva Kapustíková ◽  
Ondřej Stropnický ◽  
Petr Mokrý ◽  
Michal Oravec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Weak Base ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Multistep Synthesis ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Receptor Beta

AbstractEight hydrochlorides of 3-{2-[(2/4-fluorophenoxy)-ethylamino]}-2-hydroxypropyl-4-alkoxybenzoates and four hydrochlorides of 3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxypropyl-4-butoxybenzoates were prepared as potential antagonists of the β1-adrenergic receptor (beta-blockers). A multistep synthesis of these compounds is described as well as their detailed analytical characterization. The pharmacokinetic properties of these weak base compounds are significantly influenced by their acid-base dissociation constant, pK a. The knowledge of this value is crucial for new drug development. This paper is aimed at developing a methodology that utilizes pH-dependent 1H NMR spectroscopy for its routine analysis. The selected predicted physico-chemical parameters of the new (arylcarbonyloxy)aminopropanols (i.e., aryloxyaminopropanol derivatives) were compared with the model drugs esmolol and flestolol.

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Review of Effervescent-Swirl Atomizers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2876
Author(s):  
Krystian Czernek ◽  
Michał Hyrycz ◽  
Andżelika Krupińska ◽  
Magdalena Matuszak ◽  
Marek Ochowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Atomization Process ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Basic Features

This paper presents issues in the field of theory, construction, calculations, as well as the design of effervescent-swirl atomizers. The results of experimental studies of spraying liquids with different physico-chemical properties for this type of atomizers are discussed. Effervescent-swirl atomization is a complex process and its mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of the manuscript is the complexity of the atomization process and its mechanism as well as the influence of individual parameters on its efficiency were thoroughly analyzed. The analyzed parameters include: atomizer design, outlet shape, gas and liquid flow rate, injection pressure, physicochemical properties of the atomized liquid, pressure drop, outflow coefficient, spray angle, quantitative droplet distributions, and average droplet diameter. Moreover, in the work, on the basis of the literature review, the results of the research related to, inter alia, the phenomenon of air core formation and the influence of a number of parameters on the efficiency of the atomization process are analyzed. The literature review included in the work makes it possible to better understand the atomization process carried out in effervescent-swirl atomizers, and also provides better design criteria and analysis of the efficiency of the tested devices. The article presents correlation equations covering the basic features of the atomization process, which relate a large number of parameters influencing the efficiency of this process and the character of the sprayed liquid, which may be useful in design practice.

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