DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG WOMEN IN NIGERIA AND ITS HEALTH IMPLICATION - REVIEW

Purpose: All too frequent the media is filled with news of high-profile domestic violence cases. It is becoming a routine for one to wake up and hear or read the news of domestic violence. Wives are murdered by their husbands, unmarried ladies are daily murdered by a rejected lover and other form of inhuman treatment which are meted mainly on the female. Many women do not report the abuse because they are ashamed that their marriages are not working and for most women in Nigeria, divorce is not an option, so they suffer in silence. This work is aimed at reviewing the different types of domestic violence among women in Nigeria and its health implication, as well as proffered solutions. Methodology: The method used in the collection of these data was qualitative. Officially published literatures which included textbooks, journals, newspapers and surveys were reviewed. Findings: Factors associated with the occurrence of domestic violence occurrence in Nigeria included ethnicity, culture, religious practices, socio-economic dependence, gender inequality, psychological factors, power and control. Reports revealed high level of violence against women in Nigeria. Up to two-thirds of women in Nigeria’s Lagos state have experienced domestic violence. In South East, Nigeria, 70% of respondents reported abuse in their family, with 92% of the victims being female partners and 8% being male. A study on women’s perception of wife beating in Nigeria showed that 64.4% and 50.4% of ever married and unmarried women respectively expressed consent for wife beating. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Noticing and acknowledging the signs of an abusive relationship are the first step to ending it. No one should live in fear of the person they love. Domestic violence does not discriminate, it can happen among heterosexual couples and those in same-sex relationship. It can occur within all age range, ethnic background and economic levels. While women are more commonly victimized, men are also abused especially verbally and emotionally, though it can be physical at times. Domestic violence should never be acceptable, whether it is coming from a man or woman. It destroys ones self-esteem with other health consequences.

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Coping strategies used in domestic violence

ASIAN JOURNAL OF HOME SCIENCE ◽

10.15740/has/ajhs/15.2/269-272 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 269-272

Author(s):

Shilpa Rathore ◽

Sneha Jain

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Research Finding ◽

Intimate Relationship ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Power And Control ◽

The World ◽

Age Range ◽

And Control

Domestic violence is serious problem all around the world. Domestic violence is as old as the society is. It is used to establish power and control over a partner in an intimate relationship through a pattern of coercive behaviour in terms of physical, verbal, sexual, emotional, or economic within our homes. It may be frequent or infrequent, severe or subtle. Present study was carried out in order to find out the of coping strategies used by women in Domestic Violence. The sample was comprised with 240 women in age range of 24-40 years were selected from district Udaipur (Rajasthan). Coping Strategies of domestic violence scale was developed to see the strategies which were selected at the time of violence. Tool was standardized by the investigator through calculated validity and reliability. The data obtained were formulated in the light of objectives set for the present investigation. Percentage was calculated for each part. The research finding also indicates that women were less coping strategies.

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Effectiveness of the Prison-Based Duluth Programme for Perpetrators of Domestic Violence in Light if Return to Crime – Polish Experience

10.53902/jpssr.2021.01.000516 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Więcek Durańska A

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Crime Rate ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Control Group ◽

Female Partners ◽

Polish Experience ◽

The Media ◽

Duluth Model ◽

Experimental Group

Domestic violence is a phenomenon on which, for many years, there have been turbulent discussions in Poland – not only in the media and political forums, but also in the scientific community. The article presents analyses on the effectiveness of one of the key programmes addressed to perpetrators of domestic violence who are serving their sentences in prison. The Duluth programme, also known as the Duluth model, is essentially aimed at perpetrators of violence against female partners, however, it has seen many modifications and is widely used in the case of both custodial and non-custodial sentences. The results obtained indicate statistically significant differences in return to crime depending on whether the convicted person participated in the programme for perpetrators of violence or not. Among the convicts in the experimental group, i.e. those who had completed the program, the return-to-crime rate was 37%, whereas in the control group it was 55% – that is, it was significantly higher among those who had not completed the programme. As already mentioned, these differences were statistically significant.

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Understanding Trump Supporters’ News Use: Beyond the Fox News Bubble

The Forum ◽

10.1515/for-2020-2012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 319-346

Author(s):

Sadie Dempsey ◽

Jiyoun Suk ◽

Katherine J. Cramer ◽

Lewis A. Friedland ◽

Michael W. Wagner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

News Media ◽

Fox News ◽

2016 Election ◽

Heterogeneous Consumption ◽

The Media ◽

Media Habits ◽

Conservative Media ◽

Methods Analytical ◽

High Level ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Since the 2016 election, the relationship between Trump supporters and Fox News has gained considerable attention. Drawing on interviews with more than 200 people and a representative survey conducted in the state of Wisconsin, we dive deeper into the media habits of Trump supporters using a mixed methods analytical approach. While we do not refute the importance of Fox News in the conservative media ecology, we find that characterizing Trump supporters as isolated in Fox News bubbles obscures the fact that many are news omnivores, or people who consume a wide variety of news. In fact, we find that Trump supporters may have more politically heterogeneous consumption habits than Trump non-supporters. We find that 17% of our survey respondents who support Trump in Wisconsin are regularly exposed to ideologically heterogeneous news media. We also find that like other voters, Trump supporters are disenchanted with the divisive nature of contemporary media and politics. Finally, we analyze the media use of young Trump supporters and find an especially high level of news omnivorousness among them.

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Attachment, Emotion Dysregulation and Physical IPV in Predominantly Hispanic, Young Adult Couples

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147241 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7241

Author(s):

Deanna L. Pollard ◽

Arthur Cantos

Keyword(s):

Partner Violence ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Attachment Anxiety ◽

Insecure Attachment ◽

Heterosexual Couples ◽

Predominantly Hispanic ◽

Female Partners ◽

Ipv Perpetration ◽

Hispanic Serving ◽

Reported Data

Insecure attachment has been found to be a risk factor for perpetrating physical intimate partner violence (IPV). However, this association is likely exacerbated by additional factors, such as conflicting insecure attachment in one’s partner and difficulties with overall emotion regulation and impulse control. The present study aimed to examine the associations between insecure attachment and physical IPV perpetration in male and female partners, as well as to examine whether these associations are exacerbated by involvement with a partner with opposing attachment needs and overall emotion dysregulation and impulsivity. Additionally, this study examined whether partners’ emotion dysregulation interacted to predict IPV. Two hundred eight heterosexual couples primarily recruited from a Hispanic-serving university completed questionnaires on attachment, emotion dysregulation, and one’s own and one’s partner’s perpetration. Results revealed that attachment anxiety, impulsivity, and an interaction effect between attachment avoidance and partner’s attachment anxiety were associated with self-reported, but not partner-reported, male perpetration. For females, attachment anxiety was associated with female IPV (self-reported and partner-reported), and impulsivity was associated with self-reported female IPV. Overall, results underscore how relationships between known risk factors and IPV perpetration may differ depending on if IPV perpetration is measured using self-reported or partner-reported data. Additional results and implications are discussed.

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ERICA: use of screens and consumption of meals and snacks by Brazilian adolescents

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006680 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (suppl 1) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Juliana Souza Oliveira ◽

Laura Augusta Barufaldi ◽

Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu ◽

Vanessa Sá Leal ◽

Gisela Soares Brunken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Video Game ◽

Private School ◽

School Students ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Complex Sampling ◽

Range Type ◽

Complex Sampling Design ◽

The Media ◽

Age Range

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the length of exposure to screens and the prevalence of consumption of meals and snacks by Brazilian adolescents in front of screens. METHODS We evaluated 74,589 12 to 17-year old adolescents from 1,247 schools in 124 Brazilian municipalities. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Its segment regarding nutrition contained questions about using TV, computers, and video game systems, having meals while watching TV, and consuming snacks in front of screens. Consumption of meals and snacks in front of screens was analyzed according to the following variables: geographical region, gender, age range, type of school (public or private), and school shift. The prevalences and their respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated under a complex sampling design. RESULTS A great deal of the adolescents (73.5%, 95%CI 72.3-74.7) reported spending two or more hours a day in front of screens. That habit was more frequent among male adolescents, private school students, morning shift students, and students from Brazil’s South region. More than half of the adolescents (56.6%, 95%CI 55.4-57.8) reported almost always or always having meals in front of TV, and 39.6% (95%CI 38.8-40.5) of them said they consumed snacks in front of screens exactly as often. Both situations were the most prevalent ones among the girls, who attended public schools and were from Brazil’s Midwest region. CONCLUSIONS Length of exposure to screens and consumption of meals and snacks almost always or always in front of screens are high among Brazilian adolescents. It is necessary to develop strategies aiming to reduce the length of screen use, considering the media reality that children and adolescents have been experiencing from earlier and earlier ages. That context must therefore be analyzed in an indissociable way.

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Pengaruh penambahan auxin terhadap pertunasan dan perakaran kopi arabika perbanyakan Somatic Embryogenesis (The effects of shooting and rooting of arabica coffee propagation through Embryogenesis Somatic auxin uses).

Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) ◽

10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v28i2.201 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 82-90

Author(s):

Rina Arimarsetiowati ◽

Fitria Ardiyani

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Root Length ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Arabica Coffee ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Half Strength ◽

The Media ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

High Level

Plantlet that has developed shoots and roots will have a high level adaptation in the field. The objective of this experiment was to improve the ability of planlet in shooting and rooting so that it is ready for acclimatization in the field. The increase ability in shooting and rooting of the planlet were conducted by adding various types of auxin in the media. The arabica coffee embryo of clone AS 2K which has entered the phase of the cotyledons was transfered into the treatment media containing half-strength of MS (Murashige & Skoog) macro and micro nutrient, vitamin B5, 30 g/L glucose, 100 ml/L coconut water, 50 mg/L AgNO3 added with the combination of IAA, IBA and NAA. The research was conducted by using completely randomized design with seven combined treatment i.e. 0.1 mg/L IBA, 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.1 mg/L IAA; 0 , 1 mg/L IBA + 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.1 mg/L IBA + 0.1 mg/L IAA, 0.1 mg/L NAA + 0.1 mg/L IAA; without auxin. There were 12 replications in every treatment and each replication consisted of five cotyledonary embryos. The parameters of observation were the root length, leaf number, leaf area, stem diameter, and height of plantlets. The observations were conducted in eighth weeks after cotyledonary embryo had shoots. The results showed that in the number of leaves and height of planlet parameters, the treatment without auxin was the best result compared to planlet with auxin addition. The addition of auxin varians and their combination did not significantly influent leaf area, root length and stem diameter parameters. The medium tested was optimum for the growth of shoots and roots of AS 2K arabica coffee.

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E-8 Prevailing Situation of Disorder in Pakistani Society: (An Analytical Overview from Islamic Perspective)

Al-Aijaz Research Journal of Islamic Studies & Humanities ◽

10.53575/e8.v4.01.76-89 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 76-89

Author(s):

Aijaz Ali Khoso ◽

Muhammad Shahbaz Manj ◽

Abu Sufian Qazi Furqan Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Research Work ◽

Field Work ◽

Wife Beating ◽

Contemporary Society ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Islamic Perspective ◽

Gang Rape ◽

Specific Theme ◽

The Creation

Islam is a nonviolent and peaceful religion, everyone either Muslim and non-Muslim can get the safety in the shade of this religion. Allah (SWT) chose it for mankind. Its teachings are regarding the justice, equality, brotherhood, peace and harmony etc. Pakistan has been made on the name of Islam. Its rules and policies should be according to Islamic teachings, therefore. But, the present conditions are quite different. We have forgotten the sacrifices and real efforts of our elders (seniors) in getting this country, unfortunately. As well as, we also ignored the Islamic teachings, whereas our lives are entirely dependent on them. Islam advises for showing obedience concerning implemented rules of society. It needs to maintain peace and tranquil in society. But, we are not following the implemented rules. Due to which, we are facing the critical and misery situations in society, such as murder, injustice, robbery, harassment in different forms, domestic violence, acid throwing, wife beating, rape/gang rape, child harassment, child marriages and jealousy etc. Actually, due to breaking the rules, we are going towards ruin with the passage of time. However, we do not accept it and even, we are in this misconception that we are moving towards development. In reality, this thought is a reason to create an unpleasant environment in society. Although, we can eliminate disobedience only in this form that we follow the Islamic teachings strictly and give significance to the implemented rules of society. Then the creation of a pleasant atmosphere would be possible in society. The aim of this research work was to explain the circumstances of contemporary society in the light of Islamic teachings. The method of qualitative and quantitative have been used in this research work, for this purpose one hundred people of Peshawar have been taken and questionnaires have been filled by them to know their views. The majority of people gave their response that the disobedience of implemented laws of state is a main reason of violent environment in state. Therefore we should follow the implemented rules of state and strickly act upon on Islamic teachings, then we would be able to produce peace, harmony, brotherhood and justice in enironment of society. This research work may be significance due to its specific theme and field work for researchers and readers.

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Spatial distribution and predictors of domestic violence against women: evidence from analysis of Ethiopian demographic health survey 2016

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01465-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elias Seid ◽

Tesfahun Melese ◽

Kassahun Alemu

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Health Survey ◽

Spatial Clustering ◽

Wife Beating ◽

Moran’S I ◽

Demographic Health Survey ◽

Moran's I

Abstract Background Violence against women particularly that is committed by an intimate partner is becoming a social and public health problem across the world. Studies show that the spatial variation in the distribution of domestic violence was commonly attributed to neighborhood-level predictors. Despite the prominent benefits of spatial techniques, research findings are limited. Therefore, the current study intends to determine the spatial distribution and predictors of domestic violence among women aged 15–49 in Ethiopia. Methods Data from the Ethiopian demographic health survey 2016 were used to determine the spatial distribution of domestic violence in Ethiopia. Spatial auto-correlation statistics (both Global and Local Moran’s I) were used to assess the spatial distribution of domestic violence cases in Ethiopia. Spatial locations of significant clusters were identified by using Kuldorff’s Sat Scan version 9.4 software. Finally, binary logistic regression and a generalized linear mixed model were fitted to identify predictors of domestic violence. Result The study found that spatial clustering of domestic violence cases in Ethiopia with Moran’s I value of 0.26, Z score of 8.26, and P value < 0.01. The Sat Scan analysis identifies the primary most likely cluster in Oromia, SNNP regions, and secondary cluster in the Amhara region. The output from regression analysis identifies low economic status, partner alcohol use, witnessing family violence, marital controlling behaviors, and community acceptance of wife-beating as significant predictors of domestic violence. Conclusion There is spatial clustering of IPV cases in Ethiopia. The output from regression analysis shows that individual, relationship, and community-level predictors were strongly associated with IPV. Based upon our findings, we give the following recommendation: The government should give prior concern for controlling factors such as high alcohol consumption, improper parenting, and community norm that encourage IPV that were responsible for IPV in the identified hot spot areas.

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Violence of women as an actual phenomenon in present-day society

Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools ◽

10.33531/farplss.2019.6.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

Y. Kokorina ◽

K. Adamchuk

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Social Norms ◽

Low Level ◽

Psychological Pressure ◽

High Level ◽

Experimental Group

In this work the domestic violence, women, was investigated. In the experimental group of women, a high level of neuroticism, spontaneous aggressiveness, and low level of emotional intelligence and signs of depression were revealed. That is, women who have been abused, have an inherent constant feeling of anxiety, and insecurity. Most of the women in the experimental group are co-dependent. They are unsure of themselves, responsive, soft, and try to act in accordance with social norms. Based on the analysis, it can be argued that there are much more families where several types of violence are present at once than those where only psychological pressure is used. In this work the domestic violence, women, was investigated. In the experimental group of women, a high level of neuroticism, spontaneous aggressiveness, and low level of emotional intelligence and signs of depression were revealed. That is, women who have been abused, have an inherent constant feeling of anxiety, and insecurity. Most of the women in the experimental group are co-dependent. They are unsure of themselves, responsive, soft, and try to act in accordance with social norms. Based on the analysis, it can be argued that there are much more families where several types of violence are present at once than those where only psychological pressure is used.

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High-level Exposure of Uric Acid in Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia Could Be An Isolated Risk Factors of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-230583/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiyuan Cheng ◽

Tongzhang Zheng ◽

Desheng Zhang ◽

Jingli Yang ◽

Xiaobin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

High Level ◽

Age Range ◽

Fourth Quartile

Abstract Background: Whether the asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) raises the risk of cardiovascular disease with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities still remains contentious. Our study was aimed to quantitatively access the incidence risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke associated with AH.Methods: Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Serum uric acid beyond normouricemia was quarterly stratified based on the distribution of healthy population without CVD onset.Results: 1,062 CVD first attack cases were collected among the 48,001 cohort participants (age range: 18-92, mean age: 47.2±13.9 years-old) with a mean follow-up duration of 5.78±0.83 years. 14,464 baseline population with comorbidities were excluded to further study the association between AH and CVD incidence. The AH showed overall non-association with CVD incident. However, significantly increased adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of CVD with 95% confidence interval (CI) were observed when the fourth quartile compared with normouricemia stratum in the total cohort population (CHD: 1.70, 1.34-2.16; stroke: 1.55, 1.13-2.13), male (CHD: 1.94, 1.47-2.56), female (CHD: 1.71, 1.03-2.35; stroke: 2.02, 1.14-3.58) and aged over 50 years-old population. Meanwhile, the age-standardized incidence rate of CVD in the fourth quartile was 2 to 3 time higher than the normouricemia population. Consistent results were also observed in the AH population in absence of comorbidities (CHD: 2.40, 1.39-4.14; stroke: 1.85, 1.12-3.59).Conclusion: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia patients exposed to higher level of uric acid (male>487 mmol/L, female>422 mmol/L) could significantly increase the incidence risk of CHD and stroke, with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities.

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