scholarly journals Semi-chronic toxicity assessment of Phellinus linteus biomass powder from submerged-culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-213
Author(s):  
Nhu Quynh Bach Thi ◽  
Hang Nguyen Thi ◽  
Le Tran Thi ◽  
Lien Nguyen Thi ◽  
Cuong Pham Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phellinus Linteus ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Hematological Index ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
And Control

Phellinus linteus biomass powder obtained after submerge-fermentation was assested for semi-chronic toxicity in rabbit for evaluation of the safety of using it as functional food. Rabbits were drunk test solution continuously in 28 days with 2 doses: 0.558 g/kg rabbit/ day  and 2.792 g/kg rabbit/day. The result showed that the tested samples did not affect to weight, status, activity of tested  rabbit.  The biochemical index which expressed the liver, kidney functions had no statistical different at before test, after 14 days of test, after 28 days of test, and after 14 days finish of test between tested group and control group (without drink tested sample). The similarity results was obtained with hematological index. There were no abnormal occur in heart, liver, kidney, lung, spleen, and digestive system of tested rabbits in general observation as well as no histopathological lesions of the liver and kidneys in microscopic observation of tested group.

scholarly journals Effect of Lead Exposure on Some Biochemical Parameter of Battery Factory and Benzene Fuel Stations Workers

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Battery Factory

Lead pollution is an important environmental problem, despite consciousness of its harmful health effects in the world. This study was an attempt to find the effects on some possible biochemical parameters. The study has been conducted in Baghdad City from March 2017 to April 2018 divided in to two groups exposure 75 workers and non- exposure 10 control. Biochemical tests of liver and kidney Functions showed clear lead effect on them. The average [ALK, GPT, and GOT] in battery factories workers were 75.52 ± 5.47, IU/L 33.54 ± 4.58, 42.64 ± 6.59 IU/L and fuel station workers 62.41 ± 3.70,27.15 ± 2.16,29.42 ± 1.48 IU/L compared with the control group respectively 45,10 ± 6,39, 17,95 ± 2,11 and 28,71 ± 2.65 IU /L the study showed significant increase in the mean liver enzyme of exposed workers, compare with control. The mean of serum urea and creatine level in battery factory workers, fuel station and control. Were 41.16 ± 2.21 mg/dl, 38.04 ± 1, 69 mg/dl and 20, 40 ± 0.54 mg/dl and 0.986 ± 0.06 mg/d, 0.941 ± 0.05 mg/dl, and 0.710 ± 0.06 mg/dl respectively there was significant increase in serum urea and creatinin of the workers compared with control.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Lumatan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava linn) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Bakar (Vulnus combustion) Pada Kelinci

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Wahyudi Wahyudi Wahyudi ◽  
Dian Ika Perbina
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Guava Leaf ◽  
And Control

Guava (Guava guajava linn) or guava contains high pectin so it can lower cholesterol, contain tannins that serves to improve the digestive system. Chemical compounds contained in the fruit guava echoes its shape is quersetin i.e. the type of flavonoid compounds a flavonol, flavones, and flavol, which helps them were to treat the fragility of capillaries in the human. The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of guava leaf lumatan (Guava guajava linn) in burn healing in rabbits. The methods used in this study was an experimental method using a control group, the Group and the comparison group test (perlakuaan). The results showed that of the negative control group provides the longest healing impact i.e. on the 13th, the positive control healing burns on day 8, and control using lumatan guava leaf healing burns on day 9 control group comparison, bioplacenton indicates days of healing Burns most rapidly healed.

TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF MONTMORILLONITE AS A DRUG CARRIER FOR PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS: YEAST AND RATS MODEL

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUAN-HAUN LEE ◽  
TZONG-FU KUO ◽  
BOR-YANN CHEN ◽  
YI-KAI FENG ◽  
YU- REN WEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
And Control

Our previous study indicated that montmorillonite (MMT for short) was pharmaceutically feasible to be used as a carrier of an anticancer drug 5-FU. Emphasis of this study is thus placed on the toxicity of MMT to address whether it is clinically safe for practical use. Hematological data of rats model showed that the rats administered with oral MMT had significant increases in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, Hamatocrit and RBC count than those of oral PBS buffer (p<0.05). However, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC Count and WBC were not statistically significant different between experimental and control group (p>0.05). Hematological analysis for intravenous injection also showed no statistically significant differences between experimental and control group (p>0.05). Biochemical analysis pointed out that compared to oral PBS there was not only a significant decrease of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) ion (p<0.05) in plasma for oral MMT, but also an extremely significant decrease in the plasma calcium (Ca2+)(p<0.01). On the other hand, after intravenous injection of MMT compared to control group, a significant increase (p<0.05) in ALT (SGPT), and an extremely significant decease (p<0.01) in plasma potassium (K+) were observed. It is deserved to mention here that histochemical examinations were all normal, suggesting that montmorillonite may be considered non-toxic. Regarding histopathological sections of rats, there were all in normal ranges irrespective of experimental or control group. For bacterial model, a generally considered safe and non-pathological microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as the model yeast to be administrated with various extracellular doses of MMT, montmorillonite-K6Fe(CN)3 (MMTK), or montmorillonite-K6Fe(CN)3-sodium alginate (MMTK-SA) for toxicological assessments. Dose-response analysis indicated that the toxicity ranking as Lannate ≫ MMTK > MMTK-SA ≫ MMT-SA > MMT according to EC0 or EC50 line. These all suggested that MMT alone is much less toxic than Lannate and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III). Apparently, it was concluded that MMT alone could be considered non-toxic to S. cerevisiae and Wistar rat for myriads of applications.

Assessment of renal functions with different glomerular filtration rate formulas in children with acute exposure of mercury

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceylan Bal ◽  
Oya Torun Güngör ◽  
Hüseyin Tuğrul Çelik ◽  
Sedat Abuşoğlu ◽  
Nihal Uğuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
And Control

AbstractObjective: Our aim was to determine whether cystatin C level has a superiority to creatinine to assess kidney functions in rapid decreases of glomerular filtration rate due to acute mercury exposure in children. Eight different glomerular filtration rate calculation formulas which have been used creatinine and/or cystatin C were also compared.Methods: Serum urea, creatinine and cystatin C values of 39 mercury exposed children were measured. Glomerular filtration rates were calculated by eight different formulas. Patient group was divided into three subgroups according to mercury levels.Results: Cystatin C and mercury levels of the patients were found significantly different from control group (p<0.001). There was not a significant difference in creatinine and urea values between two groups (p=0.913, p=0.236). There was not a significant difference between patient and control groups in GFR calculations which have been used serum creatinine and height or which have been used urea additional to them (p=0.069, p=0.559, p=0.424, p=0.945, respectively), but there was a significant difference between patient and control groups in GFR calculations which have been used cystatin C only or creatinine, urea and height in addition to this (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.042, p<0.001, respectively). In sugroup analysis, cystatin C results and the results of three GFR calculations of four GFR calculations which were used cystatin C were found different in control group according to subgroups but there was not a difference between subgroups.Conclusion: Cystatin C level is a better indicator than creatinine to assess kidney functions in rapid decreases of glomerular filtration rate due to acute exposure of mercury. Formulas using cystatin C gave better results than formulas using creatinine and height in estimation of glomerular filtration rate.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

TEACHING READING BY UTILIZING HOT POTATOES SOFTWARE TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Abdullah Farih
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study is to measure whether there is or not significant effect of teaching reading by utilizing Hot Potatoes software toward students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text. The variables used were the teaching treatment of Hot Potatoes Software as the independent variable and the students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text as dependent variable. Then, the research designed was Quasi-experimental design and the presentation of data used was quantitative. The data were obtained from the eleventh grade, of which 28 students were taken as sample. The students are divided into two groups; experiment group consisted of 12 students and control group consists of 16 students. To get the data, the pre-test and post-test were applied and then analyzed using t-test formula. The researcher had concluded that there is Significant effect of Hot Potatoes Software toward the students’ reading comprehension achievement. The result showed that mean of students’ post-test was increased. It is proved by the t-test (8.54) which is higher than t-table (2.05) at level of significance 5%. It means that the alternative hypothesis was accepted and it proved that Hot Potatoes Software had significant effect toward students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text

Perbandingan Efek Suplementasi Tablet Tambah Darah Dengan Dan Tanpa Vitamin C Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil Dengan Usiakehamilan 16-32 Minggu Di Desa Keniten Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Siti Asiyah ◽  
Dwi Estuning Rahayu ◽  
Wiranti Dwi Novita Isnaeni
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Organ ◽  
And Control

The needed of Iron Tablet in pregnancy was increase than mother who not pregnant.  That  cause of  high metabolism at the pregnancy for formed of  fetal organ and energy. One of effort for prevent anemia in mother pregnant with giving the Iron tablet and vitamin c. The reason of  this research in 4 June – 11 July 2014 is for compare the effect of  iron tablet suplementation with and without vitamin C toward Hemoglobin level in mother pregnant With Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks In Desa Keniten Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri. This research method using comparative analytical.  Research design type of Quasy Eksperiment that have treatment group and control group. Treatment group will giving by Iron tablet and 100 mg vitamin C, and control group just giving by iron tablet during 21 days. Population in this research are all of mother pregnant with Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks with Sampling technique is  cluster random sampling is 29 mother pregnant. Comparison analysis of  iron tablet suplementation effect with and without vitamin C toward Hemoglobin level in mother pregnant With Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks, data analysis using Mann Whitney U-test and the calculated U value (44,5) less than U-table (51). So there was difference of iron tablet suplementation effect with and without vitamin C toward Hemoglobin level in mother pregnant With Gestational Age Of 16-32 Weeks Therefore, the addition of vitamin C on iron intake is needed to increase the uptake of iron tablets. When the amount of iron uptake increases, the reserves of iron in the body will also increase, so as to prevent anemia in pregnant women; Keywords : Iron Tablet (Fe), Vitamin C, Hemoglobin level, Mother Pregnant

PENGARUH PENDEKATAN APTITUDE TREATMENT INTERACTION (ATI) TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 25 PEKANBARU

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Herlina '
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Interaction ◽  
Aptitude Treatment Interaction ◽  
Research Experiment ◽  
And Control

This research intent to see how big influence of approaching aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) to mathematics concept grasp student brazes VIII SMP Country 25 Pekanbaru. This research constitute my research experiment attention. Subjec in observational it is student braze VIII4 as agglomerate as experiment by totals student 40 person and VIII3'S classes as agglomerate as controls by totals students 40. Base analisis data to pretes's score to know student startup ability on agglomerate experiment and control group. On student experiment group that will study by ATI'S approaching has average early learned result mathematics (pretes) as big as 17,15. Meanwhile on group controls student who will study by ordinary learning (conventional) have average early learned result mathematics (pretes) as big as 13,85. Analisis is data to postes's score on agglomerate learned student experiment with ATI'S approaching has average final learned result mathematics (postes) as big as 74,63. Meanwhile on group controls learned student with ordinary learning (conventional) have average final learned result mathematics (postes) as big as 62,93. Of quiz result distinctive both of average usufruct to study mathematics finals (postes) that points out that there is difference which signifikan among both of experiment class with control class.Keywords: aptitude treatment interaction (ATI), mathematics concept

Non Emergency Calls-Depression Coupling in Call Handlers of Rescue 1122 Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Syed Kamal Abid ◽  
Mujahid Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Raza ◽  
Rizwan-ul Haq ◽  
Rizwan Naseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Room ◽  
Emergency Calls ◽  
And Control ◽  
Evening Shift

The study was conducted to know whether bulk inflow of Non Emergency Calls (NECs) acts as an independent predictor for depression in call handlers of Rescue 1122, Punjab, Pakistan. Forty five (45) call handlers were recruited from evening shift of 9 districts. Similarly, same-sized control group was made out of field rescuers. The groups were compared for rate and severity level of depression using Beck’s Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996). Probable predictors (except workplace stress) for depression in call handlers were evaluated through risk estimates. For workplace stress, a purposefully developed close- ended Workplace Stress Questionnaire including two subscales i.e. Non Emergency call and Control Room Environment of 30 items each was administrated. Twenty nine (64.4%) subjects of study group reported depression on BDI. Consequently, the same group had significantly higher mean depression score than control (18.2 vs. 12.6; p = .00). The scores also showed insignificant association with any of the probable predictors (demographic variables) of the call attendees. The respondents perceived more occupational stress against NECs. The findings attract the attention of authorities towards the severity of the concern.

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