scholarly journals Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Depression among Patients with Tuberculosis attending TB Clinic of Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ellen Nagaddya Kisembo
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Depression is a major cause of the global disease burden, affecting an estimated 350-400 million people worldwide. This makes it the largest contributor to Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) globally Methodology: It was a descriptive cross sectional study with an analytic component in which 82 patients already diagnosed with TB were recruited for the study using stratified sampling technique and convenient sampling technique. PHQ-9 was used to assess for presence and severity of depression, a score above 9 was considered to be depressed. Socio-demographic questionnaire was used to obtain the socio-demographic characteristics. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 23rd version, Chi-square test and T-test were used to find associations of socio-demographic factors to depression. Results: The prevalence of depression was 54.9%, out of whom 22.2%, 66.7% and 11.1% had mild, moderate and severe depression respectively. Depression was more prevalent in patients from a nuclear family (34.1%), in age group of 31 to 60 years (32.9%), treatment duration of 1 month (31.7%), among the females (29.3%), and patients who were unemployed 28%. Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of depression (54.9%) in TB patients is high, with most patients moderately depressed and this could be associated with multiple socio-demographic factors like being female, age of 30-60 years, unemployment, low education level, being in the intensive phase of TB treatment, HIV and TB co-morbidity. Recommendations: There is need for integration of mental health services into TB treatment to ensure routine screening, early diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders like depression to prevent their co-morbidity with TB, which often has negative treatment outcomes. There is need to carry out more research on depression in patients with TB to widen knowledge about this problem.

P–507 In It together: A Dyadic approach to assessing the health-related Quality of Life and Depression among infertile couples

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Ghuman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Study question Is there a difference in perceived quality of life (QOL) and prevalence of depression between partners with infertility and to determine whether socio-demographic factors influence the same? Summary answer Among infertile couples, there was high degree of congruence in perceived quality of life and prevalence of depression was similar among partners What is known already Impairment of Quality of life and psychological ramifications of infertility are often not easy to recognize and are frequently overlooked by couples and clinicians alike. The focus of available studies is largely women’s reaction to infertility and couple-based studies are limited at best especially in developing countries. Impact of socio-demographic factors on QOL and depression prevalence have not been studied in depth in couple-based studies. Study design, size, duration A prospective, cross-sectional study of infertile couples in setting of western India over a period of one year. In total, 130 couples (260 participants) attending the fertility clinic at a tertiary level teaching hospital were interviewed cross-sectionally, following due approval from the institutional ethical committee. Participants/materials, setting, methods Couples’ socio-demographic and clinical details were recorded. Couples were requested to complete the WHOQOL-BREF instrument and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS, version 21, (International Business Machines Corp., Released 2012, Version 21.0.) and p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data was analyzed using paired t-test, one-way multivariate linear variance analysis and regression and correlation models. Main results and the role of chance Out of 130 couples (260 participants), data 214 participants (107 couples) was included in Quality of Life score assessment and from 228 participants (114 couples) were included in the final depression analysis. Mean Quality of life (QOL) scores between men and women showed a strong agreement within psychological, social, environmental domains (r = 0.70, 0.67 and 0.69 likewise) and moderate association for physical domain (r = 0.59). Presence of depressive symptoms was associated with significantly impaired QOL scores through all domains. Depression was present in 30.6% of female partners with 18.4% having mild, 9.6% having moderate and 2.6% having severe depression. Corresponding figures in male partners were 27.2%, 20.2%, 6.1% with 0.9% case of severe depression. Pearson correlation between female partner BDI scores and male partner scores was highly statistically significant with a correlation coefficient of 0.745, significant at 0.01 level (99% confidence interval). Presence of depression was not found to be significantly associated with couples’ age, education status, income status, presence of previous living child in the family and the duration of infertility using multinomial logistic regression model. Limitations, reasons for caution Being a questionnaire based study, there is predisposition to certain degree of inaccuracy of responses. The Cross-sectional design of the study allows estimation of variance and association but not causation. Wider implications of the findings: Screening and psychoeducation should be couple based considering the couple as one unit which is likely to improve the mental wellbeing of the couple as a whole. All infertile couples should be screened and offered counselling irrespective of their socio-demographic background. Trial registration number AIIMS/IEC/2018/677

scholarly journals SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS FOR COMORBID DEPRESSION AMONG ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE PATIENT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Kishore ◽  
Sanjay Lahariya ◽  
Abhijeet Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Despite of high prevalence of depression in alcohol dependent individual, the nature of relationship between depression and alcohol dependence has been difficult to define.  Present study investigates the relationship between socio demographic and alcohol related variables with the diagnosis of depression It is a cross-sectional descriptive study with a sample of 50 individuals diagnosed to have alcohol dependence syndrome that consented and fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. MINI-6 was administered for dividing the sample into depressed (n=11, 22%) and non depressed (n=39, 78%) groups. There were only few differences among the two groups on socio-demographic and alcohol related variables.  Keywords: Alcohol Dependence, Depression, Co-morbidity, Socio-demographic factors.

scholarly journals Non-Institutional Childbirths and the Associated Socio-Demographic Factors in Gambella Regional State, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2859
Author(s):  
Gnkambo Agwa Gora ◽  
Muhammad Farooq Umer ◽  
Peter Obang Ojulu ◽  
Sintayehu Tsegaye Betaw ◽  
Akwoma Okugn Cham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The decades-long global efforts to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality have shown overall progress, but most developing countries are still lagging significantly. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of non-institutional childbirths in the Gambella State and to identify socio-demographic factors responsible for non-institutional utilization of available birth services by reproductive-aged mothers. A community-based cross-sectional study design was adopted using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the selected place of birth. EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 13.0 were applied for data entry and analyses. All the 657 eligible mothers recruited for this study responded to the interview. 71% of the total respondents had non-institutional childbirths (NICB), and the rest had their most recent childbirth in an institution with skilled healthcare providers’ assistance. Socio-demographic factors were significantly associated with NICB. Nuer (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.23–3.63) and Majang ethnic (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.02–3.83) groups had higher rates of NICB than the rest of the study population. The prevalence of non-institutional childbirths in Gambella remained two times higher than the institutional childbirths.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic factors and suicidal behavior among the patients with psychiatric disorder attending outpatient department of a tertiary level hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Shahana Parveen ◽  
Avro Das Bhowmik ◽  
Mekhala Sarkar ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Akteruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Suicidal Attempt ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The majority of suicides worldwide are related to psychiatric disorders. Overall, suicide rates vary concerning the age, gender, and socioeconomic status of the individual and the method of suicide. The objectives of the study were to find the socio-demographic factors and suicidal behavior associated with suicidal attempts in patients with psychiatric disorders. A cross-sectional, hospital-based, descriptive study was conducted among the patients attending the psychiatry outpatient departments (OPD) of the National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 98 consecutive cases were included those who were at and above18year, have a definite psychiatric disorder and history of suicidal attempt. The data were collected by face-to face interview using semi structured questionnaire. The study identified that most of the patients were in the age group 21-30 years (53.1%), mean age± SD was 27.02±8.42, more in female (66.2%), housewives (35.7%), 57.1% were from an urban background and 35.7% of them studied up to SSC. The vast majority (73.5%) came from a nuclear family. Suicidal behavior revealed that mean suicidal attempt was 2.63±2.84, Communication intent was 20.4%, Suicidal note was put by10.2%, at home (90.8%),59.2%, sample choose day time and common method were hanging (25.5%) and medicine (22.4%). Help nearby in 72.4%, precaution against rescue was 18.4%, intent to die was 65.3% and hospitalization needed for 34.7% cases. Suicides can be prevented by early identification, diagnosis and proper intervention of psychiatric disorder among risk groups. Restricting access to means of suicide, by training caregivers, provide adequate follow-up care may reduce impulsive suicidal attempts. Bang J Psychiatry June 2018; 32(1): 14-18

scholarly journals Study of socio-demographic factors causing interruption of anti-tuberculosis treatment in DOTS centre in Warangal district of Telangana State

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4107
Author(s):  
Tagaram Ramchandra ◽  
N. Pragathi Kumar ◽  
Niharika Lakkoju
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tribal Area ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Tribal Areas

Background: Tuberculosis has existed for millennia and remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health in millions of people each year and in 2015 it was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Understanding the specific reasons for unsuccessful outcomes is important to improve the treatment system. This present study was carried out to find out the effects of socio-demographic factors on TB defaulters under DOTS centre in Warangal District, Telangana state.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried among 103 defaulters of TB patients in 3 TB units (TU) Warangal (urban), Ragunathapally (rural) and Eturunagaram (tribal) out of 7 TB units in Warangal district, attached to District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC) from January 2016 to June 2016 by interview technique utilising a pretested and structured questionnaire to collect the data. Statistical analysis: Percentages, proportions and chi-square test were applied whenever necessary.Results: In present study, males (35%) were more than females (7.8%) and 42.8% were in the age group of 40-55 years, followed by 28.1% were 26-39 years age group. Majority of defaulters were in nuclear family (77.7%) followed by joint family (21.3%). Cost of travel as a reason for default of treatment was seen more in tribal area (16.5%) than rural (12.6%) and urban (4.8%) TUs. The TB patients residing in tribal areas are more prone to default, an important reason being the distance needed to travel to the closest health facility, availability and the need to travel by public transport.Conclusions: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which has a devastating impact on the economic wellbeing of individual and their families. Most of the defaulters were illiterates residing in tribal area. Cost of travel as a reason for default of treatment was seen more in tribal TU 17(16.5%) than urban and rural TUs.

scholarly journals Depression and Associated Factors Among the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Rwanda

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine MUKESHIMANA ◽  
And Geldine CHIRONDA
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Various studies have found a greater prevalence of depression among patients having one or more chronic non communicable disease like diabetes mellitus than in the general population. This co-morbidity is linked with serious health consequences such as high mortality and morbidity, debility, low quality of life and increased health costs. The aim was to determine the prevalence of depression among patients with diabetes attending three selected district hospitals in Rwanda. Sociodemographic factors associated with depression were also explored.Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study. A sample of 385 was selected randomly to participate in the study and 339 complete the questionnaires making a response rate of 88%. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to screen depression. Descriptive and inferential analysis were done.Results: The majority of respondents 83.8% (n=284) had depression. Among them 17.9% (n=61) had moderately severe to severe depression while 81.9% (n=223) had minimal to moderate depression. A statistically significant association was found between age and depression (p=0.01) also between gender and depression (p=0.02). Significance was determined at P<0.05.Conclusion: we found a high prevalence of depression among patients with diabetes. The regular screening of depression among these patients is recommended. 

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Factors Associated with Treatment Initiation Delays among Tuberculosis Patients in Namibia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Francis F. Chikuse ◽  
Loveness N. Dzikiti ◽  
Auxilia Chideme-Munodawafa ◽  
Talkmore Maruta ◽  
Greanious A. Mavondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Delayed tuberculosis (TB) treatment increases the rate of spread of the bacilli in the community and mortality rates. Rapid diagnosis and early TB treatment initiation are crucial to successful outcomes and delays affect TB control programs. In Namibia, there is a paucity of data on the demographic factors affecting TB treatment initiation since GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay was introduced in 2017. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at Katutura Hospital TB clinic from 1st July 2018 to 31st March 2019. A total of seventy-two (72) participants comprising twenty-five (25) rifampicin resistant-TB (RR-TB) and forty-seven (47) non- RR-TB adult patients were enrolled using consecutive sampling. Patients’ medical records, Xpert results and a questionnaire were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using Stata statistical software version 12. Association between socio-demographic factors and treatment initiation delays were established using logistic regression analysis. Results: Staying with a TB patient (AOR=17.22, 95% CI: 2.29-129.773), employment status (AOR=1.23, 95% CI, 002-129), previous TB treatment (AOR=2.19, 95% CI: 0.076-0.86) and being HIV positive (AOR= 1.23, 95% CI: 0.0034-057) were the socio-demographic factors that were significantly associated with treatment initiation delays. Treatment initiation delay median time at Katutura Intermediate Hospital TB Clinic was 10 days (IQR: 1-32) and 3 days (IQR: 0-12) for RR-TB and non- RR-TB respectively. Conclusion: The prolonged treatment initiation delays among HIV positive RR-TB patients might be due to low adherence to HIV care interventions. Staying with a household TB patient and those who were previously treated for TB were also associated with treatment initiation delays. Poor health systems infrastructure and stigma could be the determinants of this delay in these groups. An integrated family-based approach to TB and HIV care involving health care workers can mitigate TB treatment delays post-diagnosis. Further studies should explore the factors associated with late initiation to second-line treatment from a community perspective. Lastly, there is a need to assess the cost-utility of bedaquiline and delamanid drugs roll-out in Namibian health care in comparison with the standard treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression among Type 2 Diabetic Outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold ◽  
Yosef Tsige Radie ◽  
Nigussie Tadesse Sharew
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background.The emotional consequences of diabetes have been scrutinized by a number of investigative teams and there are varying reports about the association of depression with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there is limited data about this in Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of comorbid depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients.Methods and Materials.Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a random sample of 276 type 2 diabetic outpatients from Black Lion General Specialized Hospital. Systematic random sampling technique was used to get these individual patients from 920 type 2 diabetic outpatients who have an appointment during the data collection period. Patients’ depression status was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ 9).Result.Totally 264 type 2 diabetic outpatients were interviewed with a response rate of 95.6%. The prevalence of depression among type 2 diabetic outpatients was 13%. Based on PHQ 9 score, 28.4% (75) fulfilled the criteria for mild depression, 12.1% (32) for moderate depression, 2.7% (7) for moderately severe depression, and 1.5% (4) for severe depression. But 45.8% (121) of patients had no clinically significant depression.Conclusion.This study demonstrated that depression is a common comorbid health problem in type 2 diabetic outpatients with a prevalence rate of 13%.

scholarly journals Prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with hypertension among rural and urban population of Kisii County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex O. Ondieki ◽  
Harun M. Kimani ◽  
Titus M. Kahiga
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. 9.4 out of the 20 million cardiovascular deaths are due to HTN. HTN has often been described to be more prevalent in urban areas. However, there has been an epidemiologic transition from urban to rural areas which often go unreported or underreported. This gap therefore called for a study to compare the prevalence of HTN burden and assess how socio-demographic factors contribute to HTN development among the rural and urban population.Methods: This study methodology focused on HTN among residents aged 30-69 years, from urban and rural population of Nyaribari Chache sub county, Kisii County, Kenya using a descriptive cross sectional study in which 490 respondents were interviewed. Sampling involved a random sampling technique which entailed household selection. Data was analysed using statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) version 21.Results: The prevalence of HTN for the sampled population was 44.668%. The prevalence of HTN was 44.134% in rural and 43.598% in urban areas. Rural population were more at risk of developing HTN than urban (OR=1.135 and RR=1.072). On general health, those who had ever been told that they had hypertension (p<0.000), ever been told that they had hypertension for the past 12 months (p=0.000) and those who were currently taking hypertension medication (p=0.026) were statistically significant variables.Conclusions: The study concludes that residents in rural population have higher prevalence of hypertension. Further, female respondents, those who are currently married, completed primary school education and were self-employed reported to have a higher prevalence of hypertension.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1723-1731
Author(s):  
Waseem Sajjad ◽  
Anwisha Samreen ◽  
Syed Asfand Yar Shah ◽  
Afifa Batool ◽  
Muhammad Umair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depression among medical students and its association with various sociodemographic characteristics. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Nishtar Medical University, Multan. Period: August 2019 to September 2020. Material & Methods: A sample of 315 medical students were chosen by stratified random sampling technique. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used for screening and assessing the severity of depression. A special questionnaire was designed containing sociodemographic and educational characteristics. Data were collected via online forms and were analyzed using SPSS V26. Results: Out of 315 students, who participated in the study, 134 (42.5%) were female students, and 181 (57.5%) were male students. 63 (20%) students were taken from each academic year from 1st year through 5th year (final year). 64% of the students were suffering from depression. The proportion of students suffering from mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression was 27%, 18%, 11%, and 8% respectively. Depression was more prevalent among female students (73.1%) as compared to male students (58.0%) with a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Depression is a serious problem for medical students. It was significant among female, preclinical students, living in the home with a family history of depression in financial pressure. It should be sorted out early to make early interventions.

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