scholarly journals Evaluation of the protective activity of different immunostimulatory drugs at the experimental trichinosis on white mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
Runeva Olga ◽  
Napisanova Liudmila ◽  
Zhdanova Olga ◽  
Berezhko Vera
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Homeopathic Drug ◽  
Maximum Protection

The purpose of this study was assess the protective efficiency of homeopathic drug such as Cina C6cH and meglumineacridonacetate(cycloferon) against experimental trichinosis, that can affect the muscle phase of the parasite T. spiralis in mice. The maximum protection was obtained in mice immunized with cycloferon, the number of T. spiralis larvae detected in animals was 733.5±25.1 larva/per animal. The number of larvae detected in the group immunized by Cina C6cH was 2840,5±183,3. This was 6.1 and 1.6 times less than in the mice of control group (4485±430.6 larvae/mouse).

scholarly journals Protective action by homeopathic drug Cina C6cH and immune modulator «Recombinant human INTERLEUKIN-2» against experimental trichinosis of mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Runeva V. Olga ◽  
Liudmila A. Napisanova ◽  
Vera K. BEREZHKO
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Homeopathic Drug ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Homeopathic Drugs

Trichinellosis caused by the gastrointestinal nematode Trichinella spiralis occurs in humans, domestic animals and wild animals. This heavy ubiquitous parasitic disease. The muscle phase of the parasite of difficult to controlling. Homeopathic drugs such as Cina have anthelmintic and immunostimulation properties. The purpose of this study was assess the protective efficiency of homeopathic drug such as Cina C6cH and Roncoleukin ® (recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) immunostimulation) against experimental trichinosis, that can affect the muscle phase of the parasite T. spiralis in mice. An assay was carried out on 30 white outbred mice. These were divided into tree groups of ten mice each. The group 1 were treated with the Roncoleukin ® (100 IU/per mouse in 0,2 ml sterile saline intramuscularly, twice with 48 hours intervals); the group 2 - desoldering dissolved in water Cina C6cH (under the scheme). The group 3 received 0.2 ml of sterile 0.9% NaCl. After a 21 day regimen, the groups were inoculated with a dose of 80 ± 5 units of Trihinella spiralis larva per mouse. After 90 days of incubation, the mice were euthanized and dissected for evaluation. The maximum protection was obtained in mice immunized with Roncoleukin ® (80,61%; 869,5±16,6 larva/per animal). The protective effect in the group immunized by Cina C6cH was of 36,67 ( (2840,5±183,3 larva/per animal)%. In control group invasion on muscle phase T.spiralis was 4485±430,6 larva/per animal/ In conclusion, the use of homeopathic drugs also reduces in the number of infective Trichinella spiralis larvae in mice and has a synergistic effect on the treatment.

GASTRO-PROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF FLOWERS OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS (L.) IN MUCOSAL LESION ON RATS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
K. K Agrawal ◽  
A. Verma ◽  
K Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Pylorus Ligation ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Ulcer Model

study was conducted to evaluate the gastro-protective activity of aqueous (HAE) and ethanolic (HEE) extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. (Malvaceae) flowers in experimental animals. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were investigated for pylorus ligation and indomethacin induced ulcer models in albino wistar rats. The pH, gastric volume, ulcer index, ulcer score and free and total acidity were determined by pylorus ligation induced ulcer model and ulcer score, ulcer index and percentage protection were determined by Indomethacin induced ulcer model. Phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were conducted for and it showed that extracts have alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and mucilage. Both the extracts at dose of 200 and 400mg/kg showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in gastric volume (1.20±0.17, 0.83±0.20, 0.90±0.12, 0.96±0.17) and ulcer index (1.50±0.19, 1.33±0.11, 2.16±0.03, 0.75±0.17, 0.92±0.22, 0.31±0.04, 0.42±0.06, 0.19±0.04) as compared to the control group (1.47±0.15, 3.00±0.21, 1.64±0.13) in both of the models. It can be concluded that both the extracts possess gastro-protective activity that might be due the presence of flavanoids, tannins and/or mucilage.

scholarly journals ANTIHEPATOTOXIC POTENTIALITY OF 2-3-6 TRIMETHYLOCT-6-ENAL AGAINST PARACETAMOL INDUCED LIVER DYSFUNCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Suparna Datta ◽  
Manabendra Dutta Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase

Objective: We investigated the liver protective activity of 2-3-6 trimethyloct-6-enal from the methanol extract of Pajanelia longifolia (Willd.) K. Schuman. The liver protective activity of 2,3,6 trimethyloct-6-enal was evaluated against paracetamol (2 mg/kg body weight per orally) induced liver toxicity in swiss albino mice.Methods: Considering the Spectral data (IR spectrum, 1HNMR spectrum and 13C NMR spectrum) the predictable structure of 2,3,6 trimethyloct-6-enal was elucidated. To study the liver protective activity of the compound, Swiss albino mice of either sex were divided into six groups and treated for 5 d. Group I and II served as normal and toxic control, Group III were treated with Silymarin as a standard drug (50 mg/kg), and Group IV to VI was treated with 2-3-6 trimethyloct-6-enal at the dose of 50 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg b.w. p. o. respectively. The liver protective activity of the compound was measured on biochemical parameters such as aspertate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), triglycerides (TGL), total cholesterol (TC) and protein. Further antioxidant activity of the compound was also measured on antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic levels such as reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)).Results: The study revealed that the compound has protective activity at the dose of 50, 150 and 250 mg/kg b.w. p. o. against paracetamol induced toxicity. In some biochemical parameters such as aspartate amino transferase and bilirubin, the compound has showed better result at a dose of 150 mg/kg compared to standard drug silymarin (value of aspartate amino transferase (compound) =71.10±0.12, (toxic) = 173.43±1.21, (silymarin) =79.86±0.02and total bilirubin (compound) = 1.04±0.11), (toxic) = 2.69±0.02, (silymarin) ==1.11±0.01. The findings were also confirmed by histopathological observations.Conclusion: 2,3,6 trimethyloct-6-enal from Pajanelia longifolia may be considered as a potent liver protective agent.

Effects of Moxibustion on the Enhancement of Serum Antibody in Rabbit againstStaphylococcus aureus

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Yamashita ◽  
Yoshitoshi Ichiman ◽  
Masami Takahashi ◽  
Kazushi Nishijo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Moxibustion Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elisa Inhibition

The titer and activity of antibody in rabbits immunized with heat-killed vaccine were assessed with and without moxibustion treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied for the detection of immunoglobulins to Smith strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Positive IgM titer of more than 0.4 were observed with this assay against the moxibustion group (P < 0.05). The titer of IgG antibody also increased; however, there was no significant difference between the moxibustion group and the control group. The ELISA inhibition test showed significantly higher protective activity of the sera in the moxibustion group at the 9th week after the first immunization (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals A Cross-Protective Vaccine Against 4b and 1/2b Listeria monocytogenes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanzeng Meng ◽  
Tengfei Zhu ◽  
Hao Yao ◽  
Zhiting Ling ◽  
Youwei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Listeriolysin O ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Boost Immunization ◽  
Ifn Γ

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a foodborne zoonotic pathogen that causes listeriosis with a mortality rate of 20–30%. Serovar 4b and 1/2b isolates account for most of listeriosis outbreaks, however, no listeriosis vaccine is available for either prophylactic or therapeutic use. Here, we developed a triple-virulence-genes deletion vaccine strain, and evaluated its safety, immunogenicity, and cross-protective efficiency. The virulence of NTSNΔactA/plcB/orfX was reduced 794-folds compared with the parental strain. Additionally, it was completely eliminated in mice at day 7 post infection and no obvious pathological changes were observed in the organs of mice after prime-boost immunization for 23 days. These results proved that the safety of the Lm vaccine strain remarkably increased. More importantly, the NTSNΔactA/plcB/orfX strain stimulated higher anti-Listeriolysin O (LLO) antibodies, induced significantly higher expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-6 than the control group, and afforded 100% protection against serovar 4b and 1/2b challenges. Taken together, our research demonstrates that the triple-genes-deletion vaccine has high safety, can elicit strong Th1 type immune response, and affords efficient cross-protection against two serovar Lm strains. It is a promising vaccine for prevention of listeriosis.

scholarly journals Protective Activity of Beetroot Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatic and Renal Toxicity in Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1037-1042
Author(s):  
Sony Eka Nugraha ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Rony Abdi Syahputra
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Negative Controls

BACKGROUND: The administration of doxorubicin can increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disrupt the balance of antioxidant defenses triggered a cell damage including liver cells and renal cells. Antioxidant from medicinal plants have play role in protecting the cells against ROS. Beetroot tuber contains various phytochemical compound that has an antioxidant property. AIM: The purpose of the study was to determine the protective effect of beetroot ethanol extract on concurrent use of doxorubicin for 15 days by measuring blood levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and histopathological changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five male white rats as weighing 180–200 g were divided into five treatment groups. Group I was the normal control group, Group II was a negative control group that only injected doxorubicin with a cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 15 days. Group III-V was the test group given beetroot extract (BE) at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg, respectively, for 15 days with doxorubicin. RESULTS: The group treated with BE at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW could improve serum levels of liver enzymes compared with negative controls (p < 0.05). The group treated with BE at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW also showed an improved effect on creatinine and BUN levels of rats compared to negative controls (p < 0.05). All parameters showed that the protective activity of beetroot ethanol extract was dependent on increasing the dose. CONCLUSION: This research proves that the compound contained in beetroot ethanol extract has protective activity in liver and kidney of rats induced by doxorubicin.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF NOVEL BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AT EXPERIMENTAL INFLUENZA INFECTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
V. V. Zarubaev ◽  
S. V. Vasilieva ◽  
Y. L. Esaulkova ◽  
A. V. Garshinina ◽  
V. M. Veprintseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Antigenic Drift ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Influenza Pneumonia

Influenza is an acute respiratory viral infection, which represents an important health problem. Every year, influenza causes epidemics  and pandemics, leading to increase in morbidity and mortality in all  regions of the globe. Due to the segmental organization of the  genome and low accuracy of its replication, the influenza virus is  capable of escaping the host’s immune response (antigenic drift), as  well as the selection of drug-resistant variants. This calls for  constant monitoring of the sensitivity of viral isolates to antiviral  drugs and the development of new etiotropic antiviral agents that  have alternative targets and mechanisms of activity. The purpose of  this study was to characterize the new aminobenzimidazole  derivatives as protective agents in lethal influenza infection in white  mice. The efficacy of the compounds was assessed by their ability to  reduce specific mortality of animals in the course of lethal influenza  pneumonia caused by the influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)  irus, increase the life duration of animals, and normalize the  morphological structure of lung tissue comparing to the placebo  group. For all the compounds studied, a decrease in the specific  mortality of animals (from 20 to 60%) has been shown. The  reference drug (oseltamivir phosphate) reduced the mortality of  mice by 80%. The benzimidazole derivative 2519 demonstrated the  highest indices of protective activity, its use reduced the mortality of  animals by 60% and increased their mean day of death by 1.6 days in comparison with the control group. Morphological analysis showed that the activity of derivative 2519 was manifested in the  normalization of the morphological structure of lung tissue in the  course of influenza pneumonia. On day 5 after infection, the cells of  the bronchial epithelium looked intact, in contrast to destroyed cells  with numerous viral inclusions in control animals. The foci of  inflammation themselves occupied a smaller area compared to the  control. At the same time, there was no correlation between the  previously obtained data on the virus-inhibiting effect of these  compounds in vitro and the data obtained in animals. This suggests  that despite the presence of direct antiviral activity detected  previously in in vitro experiments, the protective properties of the  studied aminobenzimidazoles on animals are caused, in addition to  the etiotropic effect, by other pathogenetic factors. In conclusion,  amino derivatives of benzimidazole should be considered as  compounds that are promising for further development and  introduction as an anti-influenza agents. 

scholarly journals A STUDY OF THE DISSOCIATION OF THE RAWLINS STRAIN OF BACTERIUM TYPHOSUM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANTI-TYPHOID VACCINE

1932 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 907-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis B. Grinnell
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
Typhoid Vaccine ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
The One

A study of the subcultures of the Rawlins strain of Bacterium typhosum used by twelve different laboratories for vaccine production showed that they all differed from recently isolated smooth strains in cultural characteristics, virulence and protective efficiency. Eleven of these Rawlins cultures gave both the flagellar and the somatic type of agglutination in anti-smooth rabbit serum, and the one culture so tested produced both flagellar and somatic agglutinins when injected into rabbits and man. Agglutination of neither the flagellar nor the somatic type can, therefore, be used as a test of the smoothness of a culture or as an index of immunity. Since the Rawlins strain differs from the smooth phase of Bacterium typhosumin cultural characteristics and in virulence, and is much less efficient than smooth strains as a protective antigen; and since the selection and maintenance of smooth cultures suitable for vaccine production present no serious difficulty, it would seem but logical to substitute virulent, smooth cultures for the very old Rawlins strain, if we are to expect the maximum protection from antityphoid vaccination.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effectiveness of different immunostimulatory medicine at the experimental trichinosis and leishmaniosis on white mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
Olga Zhdanova ◽  
O.V. Rudneva ◽  
J.K. Akulinina ◽  
L.A. Napisanova
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Immunostimulatory drugs in recent years are widely used in Parasitology. Also, homeopathic drugs such as Cina have anti-helmintic and immunostimulation properties. We studied the possibility of using immunostimulating and high dilutions drugs during parasitological disease treatment. Two experimental parasitological disease models (trichinelosis and cutaneous leishmaniosis) were used. Trichinellosis caused by gastrointestinal nematode Trichinella spiralis occurs in humans, domestic and wild animals. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by parasites of Leishmania genus. It is spread by certain sandflies types bite. The disease can present in three main ways. We used 2 leishmania in vitro models and experimental mice cutaneous model. The cutaneous form presents skin ulcers, while the mucocutaneous form presents skin, mouth, and nose ulcers. For estimation of immunostimulatory efficacy, size of leishmanioma, presence of leishmania in the ulcer, and treatment time were analyzed. This study aimed at to assess the protective efficiency of homeopathic drug such as Cina C6cH and interferon 2 and inductors of interferons of types 1 and 2 interferon, against experimental trichinosis and leichmaniosis. An assay was carried out on 50 white outbred mice. These were divided into three groups of ten mice each. Group 1 was injected with interferon inductors (2.16 mg/mouse in 0.2 ml sterile saline, intramuscularly); group 2 - desoldering dissolved in water Cina C6cH one time a day per os. The group 3 received interferone-a2b; and the group 4 was injected 0.2 ml of sterile 0.9% NaCl. The group 5 was only for leishmaniasis. After a 48 hours regimen, the groups 1-3 were inoculated with a dose of 80 ± 5 units of T. spiralis larva per mouse. After 90 days of trichinellosis incubation, and during one year of leishmaniasis process the mice were euthanized and dissected for evaluation. Maximum protection was obtained in mice immunized with interferon-a2b and its stimulatory, as T. spiralis detected larvae in animals was 733.5±25.1 larva/animal. Cina C6cH immunized group presented 2840.5±183.3 larva/animal. This was less than control group (4485±430.6 larva/mouse). Also mice with leishmaniasis had fewer ulcers during treatment with immune stimulating. Ulcers sizes were 0.46+0.05 (group 3); 2.2 +0.5 (group 2), and 3.2+0.8 (group 5). Leishmanial amount in the ulcer was 3.1 +0.7(group 3), 3.6 +0.4 (group 2), and 3.7+0.3(goup 5). The time of the treatment in the 3-d group was 19.2+0.9 and more than 40 days in all group (2,4,5). So, based on this, we consider it advantageous to continue the study of immunostimulatory drugs in the complex treatment of trichinelosis and leishmaniosis.

scholarly journals Paracetamol induced hepatic toxicity and amelioration by cinnamon in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Elkomy ◽  
Mohamed Aboubakr ◽  
Ahmed Soliman ◽  
Ahmed Abdeen ◽  
Afaf Abdelkader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hepatic Toxicity ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Single Oral Administration

The study was designed to evaluate the hepato-protective activity of aqueous extract of cinnamon in acute experimental liver injury induced by paracetamol. Twenty four male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (six rats in each). Group I rats received distilled water for 15 days and served as a vehicle control. The animals in the group II were given single oral administration of paracetamol (1 g/kg), 1 h after last distilled water administration and acts as paracetamol toxic control group. Groups III and IV received aqueous extract of cinnamon (200 and 400 mg/kg bwt), respectively, once daily for 15 consecutive days followed by a single oral administration of paracetamol (1 g/kg), 1 h after the last cinnamon dose administration. The degree of hepatoprotection was measured using liver enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, albumin, and lipid profile levels. Also, histopathological examinations of liver were done. The significantly disturbed liver functions by paracetamol toxicity were restored to nearly normal values by administration of cinnamon. Also, the change in biochemical parameters in groups received paracetamol alone was modified towards the normal values in groups given paracetamol and cinnamon. Histopathological effect of paracetamol on liver was also markedly decreased by co-administration of cinnamon. Our findings concluded that cinnamon aqueous extracts possessed hepato-protective activity against paracetamol induced hepatic toxicity in rats.

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