scholarly journals Traduction et linguistique diachronique: une relation de pourvoyeur à bénéficiaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Goyens ◽  
Willy Van Hoecke
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Current State ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics

Translations, which are frequently used in contrastive linguistics to analyse syntactic or semantic features in different languages, are also precious instruments for the diachronic study of linguistic phenomena, especially if the corpus texts imply several historical stages of one language. These successive translations are all authentic testimonies by native speakers to the most appropriate expression of one and the same message in their language system.In this paper, we present the methodology underlying our approach and describe the basic corpus. Next, we sketch the current state of (the) research which is being carried out in this respect at the Catholic University of Leuven (K. U. Leuven). Recently, two new projects have enabled us to enlarge the corpus texts and to give a new orientation to our approach. We will therefore outline the prospects of our research.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CULINARY TERMINOLOGY AND PECULIARITIES OF ITS TRANSLATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Оксана Гусейнова ◽  
Людмила Шевченко
Keyword(s):  
Structural Organization ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Original Language ◽  
Current State ◽  
Translation Techniques

The article is devoted to the study of culinary terminology, which represents a systematically, thematically, semantically organized system of terminological units that reflect the current state of scientific concepts of cooking. Culinary terminology embodies the general trends of terminology, and also has certain specific features in Spanish and Ukrainian. In the studied terminology, according to the thematic principle, four different groups of culinary terms are defined. The analysis of the structural organization of the culinary terminological system, as well as knowledge of the morphological structure of terms and semantic features that distinguish them from common words are important for proper understanding and translation of culinary terms which are divided into those that have translation equivalents and those that require transformational translation techniques. It was established that descriptive translation, loan translation and transcoding are transformational methods of reproduction of culinary terms from the original language.

scholarly journals Урбананімічны дыскурс у постсавецкай Беларусі

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 212-250
Author(s):  
Юры [Jerzy] Гардзееў [Gordziejew]
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Urban Place ◽  
Symbolic Space ◽  
Current State ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
Place Naming

Urbanonymic discourse in the post-Soviet BelarusThis article attempts to analyze the current state of the Belarusian urban namespace. This toponymic study covers selected Belarusian cities and shows the clash of different discourses and strategies of social memory. Since the mid-nineteenth century state authorities intervened with urban place naming and created a symbolic space of the Belarusian city. During the 20th century names of urban objects were replaced completely. The aim of the paper is to discuss different approaches to the policy of urban place names.Characteristic motivational-semantic features of Belarusian urbanonymic design of the last 25 years are in coexistence with different semantic types, predominance of Soviet street names to the detriment of Belarusian. Thus it should be noted that the policies of current authorities seek to preserve Soviet toponimical heritage. Therefore street names still reflect historical figures and values of Soviet history.On the other hand the formation of the urbanonyms of Belarusian connotation is connected not so much with the decommunization of the urban landscape, but with the process of nomination of streets arising mainly for newly established streets in new districts in the outskirts of towns. No doubt, the only exception is Maladzechna where in the 1990s urban toponymy space had been decommunized.Finally, the article discusses numerous examples of Belarusian toponymic activism.  Dyskurs urbanonimiczny na postsowieckiej BiałorusiArtykuł stanowi próbę zarysowania problematyki współczesnego stanu białoruskiego systemu urbanonimicznego. Analiza zbiorów toponimicznych wybranych miast białoruskich ukazuje zderzenie różnych dyskursów i strategii pamięci społecznej. Głównym aktorem, który od połowy XIX w. przez praktyki upamiętniające kreuje przestrzeń symboliczną białoruskiego miasta, jest instytucja państwa. W XX w. pod wpływem czynników pozalingwistycznych nasiliła się tendencja przemianowania nazw realnoznaczeniowych na nazwy pamiątkowe.Ze względu na fluktuację ustrojowo-polityczną ostatnich dwudziestu pięciu lat miejską przestrzeń nazewniczą cechuje nakładanie się odmiennych pod względem semantycznym zbiorów nazw ulicznych, dominacja radzieckiej spuścizny toponimicznej, wynikająca z priorytetów aksjologicznych obecnych władz.Z kolei pojawienie się nazw o białoruskiej konotacji ma związek nie tyle z procesem dekomunizacji przestrzeni miejskiej, ile z procesem nominacji ulic, powstających przeważnie w nowych dzielnicach. Jedyny wyjątek stanowi zespół urbanonimiczny Mołodeczna, gdzie jeszcze na początku lat 90. XX w. dokonano dekomunizacji przestrzeni symbolicznej miasta.W artykule omówiono też zagadnienie białoruskiego aktywizmu toponimicznego.

scholarly journals ABBREVIATION IN THE SPEAKER’S GRAMMAR: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
E.N. Guts ◽  
◽  
D.V. Plotnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
School Students ◽  
Linguistic Sign ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article presents the results of a directed associative experiment carried out with high school students of secondary schools. The purpose of the article is to reveal the relationship between the structural and semantic features of the utterance and the strategies of the respondents’ choice of a linguistic sign (word/abbreviation) in the context of a directed associative experiment. The analysis of the experimental material made it possible to draw conclusions about the peculiarities of using the initial abbreviation as an associate; about the possibility of the abbreviation of stable and individual, situational associative links; about the strategies for choosing a linguistic sign (words, abbreviations, phrases) depending on the semantics of the reference word and the type of grammatical structure of the experimental sentence; on the consolidation of initial abbreviations in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers of the Russian language, which is associated with the strengthening of the law of economy of linguistic means in modern speech communication.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE OF THE KOMI-YAZVA LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-590
Author(s):  
Roman Valentinovich Gaidamashko ◽  
Iuliia Anatolyevna Shkuratok
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Status

In this article we present the current state of the Komi-Yazva language through field recordings from recent expeditions of 2017-2018, results of the sociolinguistic questionnaires and personal observations. The main part of the article is prefaced by the brief review of scientists’ opinions on the status of the Komi-Yazva idiom and the explanation of what constitutes the term “Komi-Yazva language” used in the article. The information on the number of Komi-Yazva speakers according to the censuses’ data is given and the number of native speakers of the language at present time is estimated. The conclusion is made that the number of the population speaking the Komi-Yazva language in the second half of the 20 century rapidly decreased. The article describes the processes of revival of the national culture and formation of the ethnic identity of the Komi-Yazva speakers “from above” in the 1990s-2000s. The problem of teaching the native language in schools and the state of publishing activities on the Komi-Yazva language are analyzed in detail. The article reveals the results of a sociolinguistic questionnaire survey, which contains a number of questions concerning the ethnolinguistic situation (including ethnic identity). All sections of the article are accompanied by excerpts from the 2017-2018 field recordings made by the authors. Based on the adduced data, in the conclusion we assess the current state of the Komi-Yazva language. According to the UNESCO language endangerment scale, the Komi-Yazva language is critically endangered. Finally, some possible ways of supporting and preserving Komi-Yazva language are suggested for discussion.

scholarly journals Bulgarian-Polish Language Resources (Current State and Future Development)

2015 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Ludmila Dimitrova ◽  
Violetta Koseska-Toszewa
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Language Resources ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Electronic Dictionary ◽  
Joint Research Project ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
Bilateral Collaboration

Bulgarian-Polish Language Resources (Current State and Future Development)The paper briefly reviews the first Bulgarian-Polish digital bilingual resources: corpora and dictionaries, which are currently developed under bilateral collaboration between IMI-BAS and ISS-PAS: joint research project “Semantics and contrastive linguistics with a focus on a bilingual electronic dictionary”, coordinated by L. Dimitrova (IMI-BAS) and V. Koseska (ISS-PAS).

scholarly journals Evaluating semantometrics from computer science publications

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 2915-2954
Author(s):  
Christin Katharina Kreutz ◽  
Premtim Sahitaj ◽  
Ralf Schenkel
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Citation Networks ◽  
Current State ◽  
Publication Time ◽  
Citation Practices ◽  
Vector Representations

AbstractIdentification of important works and assessment of importance of publications in vast scientific corpora are challenging yet common tasks subjected by many research projects. While the influence of citations in finding seminal papers has been analysed thoroughly, citation-based approaches come with several problems. Their impracticality when confronted with new publications which did not yet receive any citations, area-dependent citation practices and different reasons for citing are only a few drawbacks of them. Methods relying on more than citations, for example semantic features such as words or topics contained in publications of citation networks, are regarded with less vigour while providing promising preliminary results. In this work we tackle the issue of classifying publications with their respective referenced and citing papers as either seminal, survey or uninfluential by utilising semantometrics. We use distance measures over words, semantics, topics and publication years of papers in their citation network to engineer features on which we predict the class of a publication. We present the SUSdblp dataset consisting of 1980 labelled entries to provide a means of evaluating this approach. A classification accuracy of up to .9247 was achieved when combining multiple types of features using semantometrics. This is +.1232 compared to the current state of the art (SOTA) which uses binary classification to identify papers from classes seminal and survey. The utilisation of one-vector representations for the ternary classification task resulted in an accuracy of .949 which is +.1475 compared to the binary SOTA. Classification based on information available at publication time derived with semantometrics resulted in an accuracy of .8152 while an accuracy of .9323 could be achieved when using one-vector representations.

THE ROLE OF LINGUISTIC ASPECT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.T. ABDUKADYROVA ◽  
◽  
T.A. TSUTSASHVILI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
Different Cultures

The purpose of this article is a scientific understanding of the methodological and theoretical problems of the linguistic aspect in intercultural communication. The importance of this article is due to the fact that the focus is on the study of linguistic aspects that can affect communication between native speakers of different languages. The linguistic aspect is not limited to identifying semantic features of words in different languages. It also covers the comparison of various communicative situations, ways of dividing the world by language means, and the comparison of speech behavior of representatives of different cultures. The result of the research is the conclusion that the language aspect of intercultural communication should focus not on finding "equivalents", but on studying extralinguistic differences, taking into account that concepts in two different languages may differ. The "meaning" of a word is the thread that connects the language world with the world of reality for the speaker.

SEMANTIC FEATURES OF LINGUOCULTURAL CONCEPT “WATER” IN GERMAN AND ARMENIAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
SIRANUSH PAPOYAN
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Cultural Concept

SIRANUSH PAPOYAN - SEMANTIC FEATURES OF LINGUOCULTURAL CONCEPT “WATER” IN GERMAN AND ARMENIAN This article is devoted to the study of the features of the linguistic and cultural concept “water” in the German and Armenian languages. The examples have been chosen from idiomatic dictionaries and electronic sites. The usage of the concept in the idioms is related to the lingual thinking, psychological and cultural peculiarities of the native speakers, and the study allows to complete the very important linguo-cultural reflection of the concept “water” in the idiomatic level of the two languages.

Marriage and Morality among the Adioukrou

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336
Author(s):  
Harriet Hill
Keyword(s):  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Final Section ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
The Stability ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Biblical Teaching ◽  
Significant Factors

Marriage and traditional morals have changed drastically for the Adioukrou of Ivory Coast in the past forty years. Many Adioukrou are concerned by the breakdown in family structure. While it is typical that rapid culture change threatens the stability of societies, one must ask why biblical teaching on marriage and morality has not filled the void in this group that has identified itself as Christian over the past seventy years. This paper is a diachronic study which traces significant factors that have led to the current state of affairs. The final section recommends a plan of action. It is hoped that this case study will address the concerns that many other cultures are facing.

scholarly journals Contrastive Analysis of Consonants in English and Vietnamese

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Huyen
Keyword(s):  
English Learners ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
English Pronunciation ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Stored Information

Language is an intensely indispensable tool. It has tremendous functions in communication. One is communicating and conveying messages, thoughts and ideas, feelings, insights, and mental treasures and values of a communicative society. Also, it enhances and strengthens fellowships, companionships, relationships and economic and cultural cooperation. However, language is very indistinct, unclear and confusing. This contrastive linguistics analysis will compare the consonants between English and Vietnamese. Thus, the author synthesizes stored information from various sources to compare differences in consonants between English and Vietnamese in comparative points. Then, some implications and discussion would be drawn for teaching English pronunciation, aiming at helping English learners pronounce like native speakers. The findings show that there are significant differences between English and Vietnamese consonants. This paper is intended to help teachers and English learners review English and Vietnamese consonants to minimize mistakes in their pronunciation, accommodating learners to build their confidence to communicate in L2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document