scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals in ducks exposed to heavy metals-contaminated water

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Ha N. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Near Future

The objective of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HM) (Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb and Cd) in 15 tissues (brain, breast muscle, sternum, thigh muscle, femur, blood, heart, lung, gizzard, liver, intestine, spleen, pancreas, bile and kidney) of domestic ducks exposed to HM-contaminated water with levels equal to values specified in the column B of QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT. The experiment was a completely randomized design with two treatments: without exposure to HM (CT) and with exposure to HM (ET). Each treatment was replicated 3 times. Ducks were randomly allocated to the treatments with a stocking density of 10 ducks per cage and reared for 8 weeks. The results showed that concentrations of HM, particularly toxic metals such as Hg, Pb and Cd, in all tissues of duck in the CT were lower than those in the ET. The highest levels of HM in tissues were found in the liver and kidney. In the ET, Pb levels in kidney and bone and Cd levels in liver and kidney exceeded the permissible exposure limit according to the guidance of the Ministry of Health of Vietnam and the European Commission. This study demonstrated that the accumulation of HM in duck tissues could happen even though ducks were exposed to relatively low concentrations of HM in water. Thus, further investigation on the bioaccumulation of HM in farmed ducks as well as wild water-birds should be conducted in the near future.

Parameters Affecting Dye Adsorption - Using Graphene Coated Sand (GSC)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seroor Atalah Khaleefa Alia ◽  
Dr. Mohammed Ibrahimb ◽  
Hussein Ali Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Heavy Metals Ions ◽  
Coated Sand

Adsorption is most commonly applied process for the removal of pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals ions from wastewater. The present work talks about preparing graphenic material attached sand grains called graphene sand composite (GSC) by using ordinary sugar as a carbon source. Physical morphology and chemical composition of GSC was examined by using (FTIR, SEM, EDAX and XRD). Efficiency of GSC in the adsorption of organic dyes from water was investigated using reactive green dye with different parameters such as (ph, temperature, contact time and dose). Adsorption isotherm was also studied and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of dye is 28.98 mg/g. This fast, low-cost process can be used to manufacture commercial filters to treat contaminated water using appropriate engineering designs.

A Review on Current Development of Animal Bone-Based Sorbent for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water and Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Sri Martini ◽  
Kiagus Ahmad Roni ◽  
Dian Kharismadewi ◽  
Erna Yuliwaty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Cow Bone

This review article presents the usage of various animal bones such as chicken bone, fish bone, pig bone, camel bone, and cow bone as reliable biosorbent materials to remove heavy metals contained in contaminated water and wastewater. The sources and toxicity effects of heavy metal ions are also discussed properly. Then specific insights related to adsorption process and its influential factors along with the proven potentiality of selected biosorbents especially derived from animal bone are also explained. As the biosorbents are rich in particular organic and inorganic compounds and functional groups in nature, they play an important role in heavy metal removal from contaminated solutions. Overall, after conducting study reports on the literature, a brief conclusion can be drawn that animal bone waste has satisfactory efficacy as effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly sorbent material.

Utilization of fruit processing industry waste as green activated carbon for the treatment of heavy metals and chlorophenols contaminated water

2017 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 958-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabolč Pap ◽  
Tatjana Šolević Knudsen ◽  
Jelena Radonić ◽  
Snežana Maletić ◽  
Saša M. Igić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Fruit Processing

scholarly journals Production performance and business analysis of clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus (Bleeker 1852) in recirculating systems with different stocking densities and water discharge

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Riska Puluhulawa ◽  
Tatag Budiardi ◽  
Iis Diatin ◽  
Irzal Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Recirculate Aquaculture System ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Absolute Growth

Efforts to improve the production performance of clown loach in recirculate aquaculture system can be done by increasing stocking density and water discharge. This study aimed to analyze the effect of increasing stocking density and water discharge on production performance, stress response and water quality in order to obtain the best stocking density and water discharge to obtain maximum profit in a short time. A factorial completely randomized design with two factors, i.e. the stocking density of 1, 2, and 3 fish L-1 and the water discharge of 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 L s-1 was performed. The volume of water used in each aquarium was 48 L and using a ½ inch faucet stop to regulate the water discharge from the inlet pipe. Clown fish fed Tubifex sp. with a feeding frequency of two times a day according to the treatment for 60 days. The result indicates that there was no interaction between the two factors on production performance, payback period, and R/C ratio. Stocking density has a significant effect on specific growth rate, absolute growth rate of individual weight, feeding consumption rate and R/C ratio of clown loach. Stocking density and water discharge had an interaction on the visual color of pectoral and caudal fins of clown loach. Different stocking densities with the combination of water discharge in this study resulted that the water quality were within tolerable range for clown loach so that they did not experience stress, as well as high production and business performance. It is recommended to intensify clown loach with a stocking density of 3 fish L-1 and 0,15 L s-1‑ of water discharge.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytoremediation Potential of Castor Cultivars for Heavy Metals from Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. KHAN ◽  
N. AHMED ◽  
W. HASSAN ◽  
T. SABA ◽  
S. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Phytoremediation is a useful tool to restore heavy metals contaminated soils. This study was carried out to test two castor (Ricinus communis) cultivars [Local and DS-30] for phytoextraction of heavy metals from the soil spiked by known concentrations of seven metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). A pot experiment was laid out by using a completely randomized design. Soil and plant samples were analyzed at 100 days after planting. The data on heavy metal uptake by plant tissues (roots, leaves and shoots) of the two castor cultivars suggested that a considerable amount of metals (Fe = 27.18 mg L-1; Cu = 5.06 mg L-1; Cr = 2.95 mg L-1; Mn = 0.22 mg L-1; Ni = 4.66 mg L-1; Pb = 3.33 mg L-1; Zn = 15.04 mg L-1) was accumulated in the plant biomass. The soil heavy metal content at the end of experiment significantly decreased with both cultivars, resulting in improved soil quality. Therefore, it is concluded that both castor cultivars, Local and DS-30, can be used for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites.

scholarly journals EFEK PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.) DAN MINYAK IKAN LEMURU DALAM RANSUM PAKAN TERHADAP HEN DAY PRODUCTION, KONVERSI PAKAN, DAN MORTALITAS PUYUH PETELUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anang Widigdyo ◽  
Adiguna Sasama Wahyu Utama
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of giving levels of secang wood extract and lemuru fish oil on the appearance of laying quails which included feed consumption, Hen Day Production (HDP), feed conversion of quail egg mortality. This study used Autumn strain quail with a population of 168 individuals with basal feed supplemented with several levels of secang wood extract. This research method is an experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with 4 treatments with 6 replications with each repetition consisting of 7 quails aged 10-15 weeks. The treatment was as follows: P0 = basal feed without the addition of secang wood extract P1 = basal feed + 0.2% EKS + 4% MIL, P2 = basal feed + 0.4% EKS + 4% MIL, P3 = basal feed + 0 , 6% EX + 4% MIL. The addition of a combination of secang wood extract and fish oil was carried out according to the level of quail feeding. The variable being measured; feed consumption, Hen Day Production (HDP), Feed conversion, mortality. Addition of secang wood extract with a level of 0%; 0.2%; 0.4%; 0.6%, and 4% lemuru fish oil had no significant effect on feed consumption, hen day production, feed conversion, mortality, this was due to flavonoids, polyphenols and active compounds in oil. lemuru fish does not affect the appearance of quail egg production. Flavonoid compounds in low concentrations have no effect on chicken feed consumption, because the content of flavonoid compounds can still be tolerated by the chicken body. The use of lemuru fish oil with a concentration of up to 6% in quails does not affect the consumption of quail feed, because the addition of lemuru fish oil does not affect the palatability of quail feed. The conclusion of this study was that the addition of secang wood extract. The addition of secang wood extract and lemuru fish oil did not affect hen day production, feed conversion and mortality of laying quails

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN DAN TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PAKAN PELET DARI SUMBER YANG BERBEDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Elrifadah - Elrifadah
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Pellet Feed

This study was aim to determine the different pellet feed source on the growth and survival rate of Nile tilapia. The purpose of this research was to provide information of the best feed for the growth and survival rate of Nile tilapia.Completely Randomized Design, with 3 treatments ( treatment A: community-made pellet, treatment B: commercial pellet PF500; treatment C: commercial pellet 885) and 3 replicate was used for the research. Nile tilapia with 3-4 cm length placed in nine aquariums with stocking density 6 fishes/L. Feeding treatment given twice a day at level 3 %/ body weight.  The parameters observed include growth rates, survival, and feed conversion. Supporting data was observed for water quality. Observation was carried out for 30 days.The results showed that the average weight, in treatment A was 101,66 g, treatment B was 118.33 g, and treatment C was 128.33 g. The average yield of relative growth in treatment A was 111.44%, treatment B was 134.23%, and treatment C was 135.76%. Treatment C shows the highest value, then treatment B and treatment A. The average yield of feed conversion, treatment A was 1.11; treatment B 3.21; and treatment C was 3.37. Survival rate of all treatments was 100%.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUSI NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) DENGAN APLIKASI ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) DAN PROBIOTIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Adang Saputra ◽  
Lies Setijaningsih ◽  
Yosmaniar Yosmaniar ◽  
Tri Heru Prihadi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture

Permasalahan yang dihadapi pembudidaya ikan dengan sistem intensif adalah meningkatnya limbah yang terakumulasi pada air dan sedimen. Limbah budidaya ikan pada umumnya berupa padatan dan nutrien terlarut pada air terutama nitrogen dan fosfor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji distribusi nitrogen total dan fosfor total pada budidaya ikan gabus secara intensif yang diberi eceng gondok Eichhornia crassipes dan probiotik (Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Achromobacter insuavis). Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan pemberian kombinasi eceng gondok dan probiotik (A), pemberian eceng gondok (B), dan pemberian probiotik (C), masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Benih ikan gabus yang digunakan berukuran panjang 14,74 ± 0,01 cm dan bobot 25,53 ± 0,09 g dengan padat tebar 175 ekor/kolam (50 ekor/m3). Selama 90 hari masa pemeliharaan, ikan gabus diberi pakan berupa pelet dengan kandungan protein sekitar 30%. Jumlah pemberian pakan 5% dari biomassa dengan frekuensi pemberian empat kali dalam sehari (pagi, siang, sore, dan malam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nitrogen dan fosfor pada budidaya ikan gabus terdistribusi pada eceng gondok, sedimen, air, dan ikan. Eceng gondok menyerap nitrogen dan fosfor paling tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan air, ikan, dan sedimen. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik bobot (4,37 ± 0,01%/hari) dan biomassa (1,88 ± 0,01 g) ikan gabus tertinggi dicapai pada pemberian kombinasi eceng gondok dan probiotik. Hasil ini dapat dijadikan landasan untuk pengelolaan limbah nitrogen dan fosfor pada budidaya ikan gabus secara intensif.One of the problems in intensive aquaculture system is the the accumulation of waste in the water and sediment. Aquaculture wastes are discharged into the water in form of solids and dissolved nutrients which mostly consisted of nitrogen and phosphorus. The purpose of this study was to study the dynamics of total nitrogen and phosphorus in an intensive aquaculture media supplied with water hyacinth and probiotics (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Achromobacter insuavis). The study was designed using a completely randomized design with treatment combinations of water hyacinth with probiotic (A), water hyacinth (B), and probiotic (C). Each treatment consisted of three replications. The seeds of snakehead used had body length of 14.74 ± 0.01 cm and weight 25.53 ± 0.09 g, stocked in ponds with stocking density of 175 individuals/pond (50 individuals/m3). During 90 days of rearing, the fish were fed with pellet with protein content of 30%. The amount of feeding was 5% of the biomass with feeding frequency of four times a day (morning, afternoon, evening, and night). The results showed that the produced nitrogen and phosphorus in the snakehead cultivation were distributed to water hyacinth, sediment, water, and fish. Water hyacinth absorbed most of the nitrogen and phosphorus compared to water, fish, and sediment. Higher specific growth rate (4.37 ± 0.01%/day) and biomass (1.88 ± 0.01 g) of snakehead were achieved in combination of water hyacinth and probiotic treatment. These results can be used as a basis for the management of nitrogen and phosphorus wastes in an intensive fish farming.

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