A new digenetic nematode Epinephalus marini n. g., n. sp. from marine water fish Epinephalus malabaricus (Reef cord) from Bay of Bengal, Puri Coast Orissa, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 001-004
Author(s):  
Kunwar Dilip Pratap Singh ◽  
Dev Brat Mishra ◽  
Ajai Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Fish Parasite ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasite Specificity ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Internal And External Factors

In fishes, parasitic diseases are very common and worldwide. The fish -parasite specificity depends on several internal and external factors including the environmental ones. The fish -parasite study is thus an important tool for assessing both the fish and environmental health. Bay of Bengal, Puri Coast Orissa, India is one of the important hotspots for pollution studies as it receives major rivers like the Ganga, the Brahmaputra, the Mahanadi, the Godavari and Krishna and the Kaveri. At site, various fish were analysed for the parasites using standard protocols.In presentresearch paper, Epinephalus marini n. g., n. sp is described from the intestine of a marine fish Epinephalus malabaricus.Thenew form belongs to the family Allocreadiidae (Looss, 1903) and differs from nearest genus Orientocreadium (Tubangui, 1931) in having aspinose body, terminal oral sucker, pre-pharynx absent, ceca simple terminating in the hind body, acetabulum sub-median extracecal situated in left part of the body al the level of cecal bifurcation and bilobed ovary and absence of laurer’s canal. The infection to marine fish Epinephalus malabaricus (reef cord) with parasite Epinephalus marini n. g. n. sp may be due to pollution especially due to hydrocarbon pollution in Bay of Bengal, Puri Coast Orissa, India.

scholarly journals The Process of Establishing Family Support for Rehabilitated Adolescent Drug Abusers at Bangli Mental Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Made Dewi Sariyani ◽  
Kadek Sri Ariyanti ◽  
Dyah Pradnyaparamita ◽  
Ni Komang Ekawati
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Family ◽  
Drugs And Crime ◽  
Internal And External Factors

According to UNODC (The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) in the World Drug Report in 2015, the estimated drug users in 2013 were 246 million people, where the highest number of drug cases occurred in the population of 15-64 years of age. The biggest factor that can influence the success of drug users to leave drugs forever is the strong intentions from within and positive family support. This study aimed to find out in depth regarding the process of establishing family support for rehabilitated adolescent drug abusers at Bangli Mental Hospital. This study employed a qualitative design. The qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interview to 12 informants, where 6 informants were the parents of the drug abusers, 3 nurses in the rehabilitation room, and 3 adolescents who were being rehabilitated in Bangli mental hospital. This study revealed that the family had internal and external factors as well as inhibiting factors in forming and providing support to residents. In forming support, the residents’ family had internal and external factors that influenced it, moreover they also had inhibiting factors such as feeling of weary and distance from home. Index Terms— support, family, adolescents, rehabilitation

scholarly journals Tindakan Preventif Kepolisian dalam Menanggulangi Penyalahgunaan Minuman Keras (Miras) di Wilayah Hukum Polda Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Satria Adhi Wiguna ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Laksml Dewi ◽  
Luh Putu Sury Ani
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Real Condition ◽  
The Real ◽  
Community Or ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Alcohol is a stimulant because the elements it contains can rejuvenate the body, but this view is wrong because stimulants are only temporary. People who drink alcohol lack a sense of prevention or inhibition.People who drink alcohol lack a sense of prevention or inhibition. The research used in this research is a type of empirical research, where research is carried out on the real condition of the community or environment, with the aim of finding facts or existing legal problems. Seeing the obstacles faced by the police in implementing the "Alcohol Abuse Law" in the Bali police area, many factors have caused the Bali Police to face many obstacles in implementing the Anti Alcohol Abuse (Miras) Law, including internal and external factors that make Bali. Based on the background of the problems described, it can be concluded that the actions taken by the police to address alcohol abuse in the Bali Police area. Within the jurisdiction of the Polda in Bali, the obstacles faced by the police in enforcing laws regarding alcohol abuse.

scholarly journals Evolution of crabs – history and deconstruction of a prime example of convergence

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Scholtz
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Compact Body ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Compared with the elongate bodies of shrimps or lobsters, crabs are characterised by a compact body organisation with a depressed, short carapace and a ventrally folded pleon. The evolutionary transformation from a lobster-like crustacean towards a crab is called ‘carcinization’ and has been interpreted as a dramatic morphological change. Nevertheless, the crab-shape evolved convergently in a number of lineages within Decapoda. Accordingly, numerous hypotheses about internal and external factors have been presented, which all try to explain these frequent convergent carcinization events despite the seemingly fundamental changes in the body organisation. However, what a crab is lies greatly in the eye of the beholder and most of the hypotheses about the lobster/crab transformation are biased by untested assumptions. Furthermore, there are two meanings of the word ‘crab’ within decapods: one, the phylogenetic meaning, refers to the clade Brachyura; the other, more general and typological use of the word crab, describes decapods with a certain body shape. These two meanings should not be confused when the issue of carcinization is discussed. Here, I propose a definition of what a crab is, i.e. what is meant when we speak about carcinization. I show that not all Brachyura are crabs in the typological sense. Carcinization occurred at least twice within the clade. Among Anomala there is further evidence that crab-shaped Lithodidae derived from a hermit-crab like ancestor. Carcinization is not restricted to Anomala plus Brachyura (Meiura) but is also found in Achelata, namely in slipper lobsters. A deconstruction of the crab-shape reveals that parts of it appear in various combinations among all decapod groups. Only a certain threshold of number and quality of crab-features makes us call an animal a ‘crab’. This reveals that carcinization does not involve such dramatic changes in morphology as has been suggested. Moreover similar alterations of body shapes appear frequently in other crustacean taxa and in various animal groups as diverse as sharks and sea urchins. Hence morphological constraints, macroevolution, trends, tendencies, or underlying synapomorphies of any kind are not necessary assumptions for the explanation of the evolution of crabs.

The exact description of living organization

1950 ◽  
Vol 137 (889) ◽  
pp. 518-523 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Factors ◽  
State System ◽  
Biological Study ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Exact Description

The papers contributed to the discussion give an idea of the large amount of work that has been devoted to the study of the relative growth of parts and the deter­mination of the shape of the body. There is a danger that the fascination of such investigation may lead to the prosecution of studies of this sort without sufficient consideration of their objective. Why do we want to study the shapes of living organisms? Several replies no doubt spring to mind, for instance, that we make such studies in order to facilitate comparisons between organisms. This, however, presupposes that the sort of comparison that can most usefully be made is essen­tially a visual one, involving the geometric outlines of the parts, a view that can only be accepted with reservations and if its implications are understood. For some centuries the science of anatomy has grown up by the study of the visible outlines of the parts of the body. In the case of the anatomy of man, the obvious value of such studies, especially for the surgeon, has encouraged their pursuit into the most minute details. Valuable as such work undoubtedly is, biologists have long realized that it has severe disadvantages. However important it may be to know the details of the shape of any organ or part, we are not, as biologists, ultimately interested in these shapes but in the life of the organism. In the last resort any biological study must deal with the organism as a self­-preserving system—we are interested in whether and how each individual or population will continue to live. Study of the visible shape is an essential part of almost every biological study, but it is only a part. The anatomist has long ago discovered that if he is to make his science useful he must treat the shape of each structure as a reflexion of the processes going on within it. The anatomist, microscopist and biochemist can thus pursue together the study of the organism as a steady-state system, discovering the genetic, internal and external factors that maintain its balance.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB RENDAHNYA PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA

Konselor ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silpia Deka Putri ◽  
Neviyarni . .
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Motivational Factor ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Causes of low student achievement is influenced by two factors, namely internal and external factors. The reality on the ground, a lot of students who have low academic achievement, students often go out into the current study. Research purposes to describe the factors causing low class VIII student achievement. The form is a descriptive study, results revealed low achievement on internal factors, namely: the most prominent motivational factor to the low student achievement, while the external factors are: the relation of factors the most prominent member of the family to be the cause of low student achievement. Keywords: Causative Factors; The Low Student Achievement

scholarly journals STRATEGI GURU PADA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA DALAM BAHASA BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Putu Eddy Purnomo Arta ◽  
Kadek Jayanthi Riva Prathiwi ◽  
I Kadek Ruminten
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
The Family ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Local Languages ◽  
Speaking Skills

<p><em>This research examines the teacher's strategy for increasing the ability to speak in Balinese. The method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The use of local languages in everyday life, especially Balinese, has declined due to lack of motivation to learn. This is reflected when speaking in Balinese. Seeing this phenomenon, then a teacher has an important role in improving students' speaking skills in accordance with the language of Bali. The purpose of this study is to improve students' speaking ability in Balinese. Through appropriate learning strategies, teachers are expected to be able to improve students' speaking skills, which are supported by the family environment. Factors that influence students' speaking skills using Balinese are internal and external factors. Hopefully, with the collaboration between family and teachers in schools in educating children, especially practicing the ability to speak in Balinese, can give birth to a child who loves his own culture, especially Balinese.</em></p>

scholarly journals Breastfeeding : Gender and Socio-Economic Dimensions

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Yogi Pasca Pratama ◽  
Bhimo Rizky Samudro ◽  
Anang Pra Yogi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Working Women ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Internal And External Factors

This study aims to examine breastfeeding behavior from a gender perspective and socio-economic dimension. The legal basis and internal and external factors of breastfeeding behavior are the main issues. Breastfeeding views are also studied in terms of working women, in response to the increasingly expensive economic needs of women to help the family economy by entering the labor market, while women also have an obligation to engage in breastfeeding activities. This study uses literature method, by collecting all the literature related to the breastfeeding process, the legal basis that supports, and the factors that can inhibit and the way to succeed exclusive breastfeeding issues. This study found the fact that there is a misconception of society about breastfeeding that the breastfeeding process is not optimal, the modernization also makes women who should breastfeed to make new choices instead of breastfeeding obligations for their children.  

scholarly journals Emotional maturity of early age marriage's woman

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Farahdiba Thahura
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Emotional Maturity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emotional Immaturity ◽  
Family Harmony ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Marriage is quite interesting to talk about more and more at this time because at this time many problems arise related to marriage because marriage is a complicated and complex thing. There are many things to be prepared for before someone decides to enter the marriage level, especially for a wife. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent of the role of emotional maturity of young wives in creating harmony in the family. Respondents in this study were women, aged 18-20 years in Aceh, marriage period of 0-3 years. The number of respondents is 2 people using qualitative research methods. The method of data collection in this study is by observation and interview using tape recorder tools and observation sheets. These internal and external factors affect whether or not the respondent is mature emotionally. This emotional immaturity is a reaction seen in every respondent. The maturity of respondents is different from each other. The respondents were aware of the impact on marriage at a young age but did not make the respondents dissolve in any conflicts that occurred due to immature emotions of the respondent, but rather made efforts to be able to control and overcome all conditions faced wisely and try to make positive efforts to foster family harmony.

scholarly journals Brain plasticity

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
А.А. Пальцын ◽  
Н.Б. Свиридкина
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Main Condition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Brain

Пластичность мозга - способность изменяться под действием внутренних и внешних факторов и, в качестве следствия, изменять тело. Мозг - посредник, между организмом (телом) и средой. Среда и условия жизни постоянно изменяются. Через мозг осуществляются приспособления к этим изменениям организма, направленные на сохранение жизни в изменившихся условиях. Диапазон пластических возможностей мозга иллюстрируется способностью осязания заменить зрение, или способностью когнитивных и физических нагрузок, диеты, сна существенно замедлить возрастную деградацию физического и умственного здоровья. Пластичность мозга - главное условие здоровья и долголетия. Другого «эликсира молодости» сегодня нет и, по-видимому, никогда не будет. Способ поддержания пластичности мозга - его занятость. Путь к деградации мозга - интеллектуальный и физический покой. Plasticity of the brain is an ability to change under the influence of internal and external factors and, as a consequence, to change the body. The brain is a mediator between the organism (body) and the environment. The environment, living conditions, is continuously changing. Adaptation to these changes in the body aimed at preserving life in the changed conditions occurs via the brain. The range of plastic capabilities of the brain is illustrated by the ability of touch to replace vision or the ability of cognitive and physical exercise, diet, and sleep to slow down significantly the age-related decline of physical and mental health. Plasticity of the brain is the main condition for health and longevity. There is no other “elixir of youth” today and, apparently, will never be. A way to maintain brain plasticity is to keep it busy. The path to brain degradation is mental and physical quiescence.

A Study on Women Entrepreneurship: Opportunities and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Kadambari . ◽  
Chanderjeet .
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Women Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Family ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Women devote and commit the family, which leads to society and Nation. Social as well as the economic development of women is necessary for the overall development of any society as well as the nation. Entrepreneurship is an inbuilt state of mind of every female individual but not been capitalized in the proper way in which it should be. This research paper on women entrepreneurship has been highly inspired by gender equality issues and development. Today researchers and policies have been more and more fuelled with the idea for women entrepreneurs’ importance for economic growth. Women entrepreneurs are assumed to face the experience of gender inequality and also experience hurdles when starting up and running a business than their male counterparts. The purpose of this empirical study is addressed to find out various motivating and de-, motivating internal and external factors. Reviews the main obstacles facing the female entrepreneurs, also suggest the way for elimination and reduction of such hurdles for development.

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