ESTUDO FITOQUÍMICO E DAS ATIVIDADES ANTIMICROBIANAS DA Ottonia martiana Miq., PIPERACEAE

A Ottonia martiana Miq., arbusto da família Piperaceae, é conhecida na medicina popular brasileira como Anestésica. Partes desta planta são utilizadas em alcoolaturas para aliviar dor de dente, devido à sua ação anestésica sobre a mucosa bucal. Estudo fitoquímico realizado com extrato das raízes desta planta indicou a presença de duas isobutilamidas: Isopiperlonguminina e Piperovatina, as quais foramidentificadas por Espectroscopia de RMN de 1H e 13C. Análises por CG-MS nos extratos dos frutos desta espécie em estudo, revelaram a presença de dois isômeros, um do composto estigmasterol e outro do b-sitosterol. No estudo das atividades antimicrobianas, extratos brutos etanólicos das raízes e caules (50 e 100%) desta planta, apresentaram efeito antibacteriano sobre S. aureus, quando testados pelo método por difusão em gel. Também, foi verificado que extratos desta espécie apresentaramatividade antifúngica (crescimentomicelial) sobre Fusariumoxysporum, Colletotrichum acutatum e Rhizoctonia sp., dependente da concentração, do método de extração e do órgão utilizado. Os resultados confirmaram a presença de princípios ativos, os quais poderão vir a ser empregados na terapêutica, inclusive com potencial para controle de microrganismos fitopatogênicos. STUDY PHYTOCHEMICAL AND OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY FROM Ottonia martiana Miq., PIPERACEAE Abstract Ottonia martiana Miq., a shrub from the family Piperaceae, is known in Brazilian folk medicine as Anestésica. Its parts are used in alcoholic macerates to relieve toothache, due to its anesthetic action on mucous membrane. Phytochemical investigation performed with extract of O. martiana roots indicated the presence of two isobutylamides: Isopiperlonguminine and Piperovatine, which were identified by spectroscopy NMR (1H and 13C). In analysis of the extracts of fruits by GC-MS, isomers of stigmasterol and b-sitosterol are present. In the studies of antimicrobial activity, ethanolic crude extracts of the roots and stems (50 and 100%) from this plant showed antibacterial effects against S. aureus, by paper disk-diffusion method. Also, it was observed that extracts of this species exhibit antifungical activity (mycelial growth) against Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum acutatum and Rhizoctonia sp, dependent on the extract concentration, extraction method and employed organ. The results confirmed the presence of active substances, which could be employed in therapeutics, and with potential to control phytopathogenic microorganisms.

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Inhibitory activity of crude bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from dadih against Listeria monocytogenes

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Usman Pato ◽

YUSMARINI YUSUF ◽

SHANTI FITRIANI ◽

NIA NAIDYA JONNADI ◽

MIMI SRI WAHYUNI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antimicrobial Compounds ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Food Borne ◽

Paper Disk ◽

Natural Preservatives

The use of natural preservatives called bacteriocin derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one way of preventing food from being contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms such as L. monocytogenes (LM). The aims of this study were to evaluate the ability of LAB isolated from dadih to inhibit the growth of LM and to obtain the antimicrobial components that play a role in inhibiting the growth of LM. The antimicrobial activity of the supernatant obtained from 12 strains of dadih LAB was determined using the paper disk diffusion method. The results showed that the supernatant from the 12 LAB strains was able to inhibit the growth of LM with various inhibition zones. However, out of the 12 LABs, only 9 strains were found to have an inhibition zone of more than 3.5 mm. The antimicrobial compounds of 9 strains were tested and it was found that the antimicrobial compounds of strains R-8, R-14 and R-49 were derived from lactic acid. In addition, 6 strains namely R-43, R-32, R-19, R-55, R-45 and R-41 were derived from bacteriocin based on their sensitivity to pH, heat and enzyme treatments. Crude bacteriocin derived from 6 LAB strains inhibited the growth of LM, and the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained in Streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens R-55 with an average inhibition zone of 13.87 mm. Bacteriocin produced by strain R-55 can be used as natural preservatives for the prevention of food-borne disease caused by LM.

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Phytochemical investigation and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Richardia scabra

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.3329/bjp.v11i2.24666 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 248 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kathirvel Poonkodi ◽

Subban Ravi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Weed Species ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Agar Plug ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Simple Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether and methanol extracts from the mature leaves of Richardia scabra from India. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the zone inhibition of the tested samples for antibacterial and agar plug method was used to determine the antifungal activity, while the microtube-dilution technique was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. Both extracts showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities when tested against 10 bacterial and four fungal strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the methanol extract of R. scabra ranged between 12.5–100 μg/mL for bacterial strains. Alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, fatty acids, terpenoids and simple sugar were detected as phytoconstituents of extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report against antimicrobial activity of common weed species R. scabra found in India.

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Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1427 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 924-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Reena Kulshrestha ◽

J Kranthi ◽

P Krishna Rao ◽

Feroz Jenner ◽

V Abdul Jaleel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Dental Health ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Test Organism ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Disk Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Aim The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available herbal toothpastes against the different periodontopathogens. Materials and methods Six herbal toothpastes that were commonly commercially available were included in the study. Colgate herbal, Babool, Meswak, Neem active, Dabur red toothpastes were tested for the study whereas sterile normal saline was used as control. Antimicrobial efficacies of dentifrices were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The antimicrobial properties of dentifrices were tested by measuring the maximum zone of inhibition at 24 hours on the Mueller Hinton Agar media inoculated with microbial strain using disk diffusion method. Each dentifrice was tested at 100% concentration (full strength). Results The study showed that all dentifrices selected for the study were effective against the entire test organism but to varying degree. Neem active tooth paste gave a reading of 25.4 mm as the zone of inhibition which was highest amongst all of the test dentifrices. Colgate Herbal and Meswak dentifrices recorded a larger maximum zone of inhibition, measuring 23 and 22.6 mm respectively, compared to other toothpastes. All other dentifrices showed the zone of inhibition to be between 17 and 19 mm respectively. Conclusion The antibacterial properties of six dentifrices were studied in vitro and concluded that almost all of the dentifrices available commercially had antibacterial properties to some extent to benefit dental health or antiplaque action. How to cite this article Jenner F, Jaleel VA, Kulshrestha R, Maheswar G, Rao PK, Kranthi J. Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):924-929.

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A Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicum Leaves: An In vitro Study

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47b33161 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 609-615

Author(s):

M. Binigha ◽

R. Gayatri Devi ◽

J. Selavaraj ◽

A. Jothi Priya

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

The Family ◽

Abutilon Indicum

Tecoma stans is a flowering plant belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. It is the floral emblem of the Bahamas. Abutilon indicum belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is also called Indian Mallow. Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicumhave antimicrobial activity and can be used in producing antibiotics. There is an urgent need to produce new antibiotics as there is an increase in the development of pathogen resistant drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Tecoma stansand Abutilonindicum leaves. E.faecalis bacteria were maintained in nutrient agar slopes. The powder of the two herbs, were subjected to extraction by Soxhlet extractor and was concentrated to dry residue by Agar well diffusion method. The nutrient broth was inoculated with bacterial strains. The culture was adjusted to 0.5McFarland turbidity standard. Lawn culture was done in Muller-Hinton agar plate and then the plates were dried. A 6 mm diameter well is bored for different concentrations. The extracts were introduced into the well and allowed to stand for 24 hrs. The antibacterial activity was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition. The present finding on the antimicrobial potential of Abutilon indicum and Tecoma stands showed that the two plants have growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogen E. faecalis. Abutilon indicum has a zone of inhibition greater than Tecoma stans. Abutilon indicum exhibited better activity compared to Tecoma stans.

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Antimicrobial activity of Syzygium caryophyllatum L.

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00742 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4275-4276

Author(s):

Rohit Raj ◽

Chandrashekar. K. S ◽

Vasudev Pai

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Small Tree ◽

Good Antibacterial Activity ◽

Tropical Area ◽

The Family ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

India And China

Syzygium caryophyllatum L. is a small tree or large shrub grow widely mainly in the tropical area. It is native to India and China. S. caryophyllatum L. belonging to the family Myrtaceae is taken for screening antimicrobial activity. Ethanolic extract of the leaves of Syzygium caryophyllatum was screened for antibacterial activity using Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Activity of ethanolic extract was good when compared to Ampicillin. The antimicrobial activity was determined by Agar diffusion method and also MIC technique. From the result it was found that ethanolic extract of the leaves of Syzygium caryophyllatum exhibited good antibacterial activity against these gram +ve and gram –ve microorganisms.

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Antimicrobial Activity of two Mentha Species Essential Oil and its Dependence on Different Origin and Chemical Diversity

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300832 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mária Pl'uchtová ◽

Teresa Gervasi ◽

Qada Benameur ◽

Vito Pellizzeri ◽

Daniela Grul'ová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Growth Inhibition Zone

Genus Mentha presents group of plants which are the most studied in family Lamiaceae. Aboveground parts are used for different purposes in pharmacy, food industry or confectionery. Most important is natural product extracted from leaves - essential oil (EO). The aim of presented experiment was to demonstrate different chemotype and compare antibacterial activity of two Mentha species EO. Plant samples were obtained from various environments – from Slovakia and from Italy. Dominant compounds were determined by GC/MS. The results showed high amount of menthol and menthone in tested Slovak peppermint EO. On the other hand, carvone and 1,8-cineole were determinate as dominant compounds in Italian spearmint EO. The antimicrobial activity of the EO was investigated by disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods. EO was evaluated for their antibacterial activity against 7 microorganisms: Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes. The determination results of antibacterial activity by agar disk diffusion method ranged from 7 to 14 mm of the growth inhibition zone. MIC of tested mint EO varied from 0.625 to 2.5 μg/mL. In addition, both EO showed relatively the same antibacterial activity against the selected Gram-negative bacteria. However, there is a variation in the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Endophytic and Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with “Mile-a-Minute,” Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/5292571 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavithra L. Jayatilake ◽

Helani Munasinghe

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Rhizosphere Fungi

Endophytic and rhizosphere fungi are understood to be aiding the host plant to overcome a range of biotic and abiotic stresses (nutrition depletion, droughts, etc.) hence, they remain to be reservoirs of plethora of natural products with immense use. Consequently, this investigation of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi isolated from Mikania cordata (a perennial vine that is well established in Sri Lanka) for their antimicrobial properties was performed with the aim of future derivation of potential beneficial pharmaceutical products. Leaves, twigs, and roots of M. cordata were utilized to isolate a total of 9 endophytic fungi out of which the highest amount (44%) accounted was from the twigs. A sample of the immediate layer of soil adhering to the root of M. cordata was utilized to isolate 15 rhizosphere fungi. Fusarium equiseti and Phoma medicaginis were endophytes that were identified based on colony and molecular characteristics. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity depicted by F. equiseti (MK517551) was found to be significantly greater (p≤0.05, inhibitory against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) than P. medicaginis (MK517550) (inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) as assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma asperellum were rhizospere fungi that exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties against the test pathogens chosen for the study. T. asperellum indicated significantly greater bioactivity against all four bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 under study. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the fungi depicting antimicrobial properties were determined. The results obtained suggest that F. equiseti, P. medicaginis, T. asperellum, and T. virens of M. cordata harness bioprospective values as natural drug candidates. This is the first report on isolation and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of Mikania cordata.

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Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of d8-10 Metal Complexes of some 2-Substituted-1H-Benzimidazoles

Metal-Based Drugs ◽

10.1155/mbd.1999.163 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 163-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Bahri Ülküseven ◽

Aydin Tavman ◽

Gülten Ötük

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Metal Complexes ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Shigella Flexneri ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Mueller Hinton ◽

Mueller Hinton Agar

The metal complexes of nine 2-substituted-1H-benzimidazoles (I-IX) with Ni(II), Pd(II), Cu(II), Ag(I), Zn(II) salts were synthesized. The compounds were characterized by melting point, analytical data, IR spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was determined by the disk diffusion method in Mueller-Hinton Agar on Staphylococcus aureusATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 1539, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Cu(II)and Ag(I)complexes of II, III and IV showed considerable activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Ps. aeruginosa, S. typhi, Sh. flexneri and C. albicans microorganisms, the ligands themselves having no effect.

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Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Echinodorus grandiflorus Crude Extract of the Leaves

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i4.17339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 176

Author(s):

Carla Indianara Bonetti ◽

Mariana Dalmagro ◽

Juliana Cristhina Friedrich ◽

Douglas Rossi Jesus ◽

Mariana Moraes Pinc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Microbial Strains ◽

Cardioprotective Effects ◽

Phytochemical Profile

Echinodorus grandiflorus has pharmacological properties due to its secondary metabolism, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, diuretic, analgesic, anti-rheumatic, antihypertensive, and cardioprotective effects. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude extract of E. grandiflorus form its leaves. In the analysis of the phytochemical profile, qualitative tests were performed to identify tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, polysaccharides, and coumarins. Antimicrobial tests were performed using the disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in 96-well microplates, using hydroalcoholic crude extract obtained by maceration in the proportions 1:5 and 1:10. The higher content of crude extract was observed by maceration 1:5 (3.26%). In phytochemical tests, the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins was detected. The microbial strains evaluated were Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of crude extract has not apparent against the tested organisms. It is concluded that the crude extract present several phytochemical, however did not show antimicrobial activity, and furthermore studies should be carried out researching isolated chemical compounds and the antimicrobial activity leaves crude extract of Echinodorus grandiflorus plant.

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Comparison of Techniques and Solvents on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Extracts from Acacia dealbata and Olea europaea

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9020048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 48 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anabela Borges ◽

Helena José ◽

Vera Homem ◽

Manuel Simões

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Olea Europaea ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Acacia Dealbata ◽

Olea Europaéa

Ethnopharmacological use of plant natural extracts has been known since ancient times. The optimization of plant molecule extraction is fundamental in obtaining relevant extraction yields. The main purpose of this study was to understand the role of different extraction techniques (solid-liquid, ultrasound, Soxhlet, and microwave) and solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane, and hexane) on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from Olea europaea (olive) and Acacia dealbata (mimosa). Crude plant extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined by ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods. In terms of extraction yield, ultrasound extraction and the solvents methanol, acetone (O. europaea) or water (A. dealbata) were found to be the best options. However, ethanol and acetone proved to be the best solvents to extract compounds with antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity, respectively (regardless of the extraction method employed). Soxhlet and microwave were the best techniques to extract compounds with antimicrobial activity, whereas any of the tested techniques showed the ability to extract compounds with antioxidant capacity. In most of the cases, both plant extracts (mimosa and olive) were more efficient against S. aureus than E. coli. In the present study, both mimosa and olive leaf crude extracts proved to have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, increasing the demand of these natural products as a source of compounds with health benefits.

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