scholarly journals Knowledge and Use of Birth Control Methods for Family Planning by Married People in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Chinenye Ifeoma Ogidi ◽  
Anthony U. Okere ◽  
Shulamite E. Ogbuabor ◽  
Angela Ngozi Nwadike ◽  
Stella Anietie Usen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Married People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State

OBJECTIVE: The study investigated the knowledge level and use of birth control methods by married people for family planning in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu state. MATERIALS & METHODS: The population of this study comprised 4450 married people who registered for marriage from 2010 to 2017 in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. The sample was 445 respondents (210 married males and 235 married females). The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire titled: Knowledge and use of birth control methods for family planning questionnaire (KUBCM). The study was guided by four research questions and four hypotheses. The (KUBCM) research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS: The results obtained showed that married people in Nsukka Education zone have knowledge of birth control methods; that they make use of birth control methods to a great extent; and that there is a significant difference in the mean responses of male and female married people on the extent to which married people make use of birth control methods for family planning. CONCLUSION: Both male and female married people have knowledge of common birth control methods of family planning, therefore, couples should discuss together which birth control method of family planning they want to adopt. It should not be a one-man affair. We recommend among others, the full integration of the male population in the family planning programmes, and provision of sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in family planning by government and non-governmental

scholarly journals Birth Control: A Review of Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Modalities, Associated Pros and Cons, and Their Effectiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Maryam Fairag ◽  
Malak ALGhamdi ◽  
Abdulaziz Baghlaf ◽  
Bader Alallah ◽  
Turki Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

Introduction: Family planning importance is increasing progressively and is regarded as an essential part in every couple’s life. Family planning has a lot of benefits for the whole family as it provides a better control over the period between each pregnancy leading to a better balance over the personal, financial, and societal life. There are multiple birth control methods, from which couples can choose from with the assistance of their physicians since each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, some contraceptive methods may be more suited for a certain couple or situation than another one. This review of current methods aims to shed the lights on the various contraception options along with their advantages and disadvantages to aid providers in taking care of their patients. Methodology: A thorough search was carried out on PubMed using the most suitable keywords representing the aim of the present study. A total of 120 were found and based on whether they are suited to achieve the aim of the study, 28 were selected. Discussion: There is a great variety of birth control methods, and each has its associated advantages and disadvantages. Barrier contraceptive methods, most common of which are male condoms, are extremely popular in Western countries. Combined hormonal contraception methods which are available in the form of pills, patches, and rings. Progestin only contraception either in the form of a pill, injection or an implant is the most commonly used type among breastfeeding women. Furthermore, intrauterine devices are another effective contraceptive method which may be copper-based or hormonal-based. Conclusion: Contraception is an integral part of family planning, which can be achieved through a variety of methods. Each birth control method has its own pros and cons that should be explained to the couple clearly, so they can choose the method that is most suited for them.

Selection of a family planning method: a Philippine example

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Ballweg
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Ideal Family ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
National Family Planning ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Selection Of

The sample under consideration in this study was composed of 3445 women who accepted some method of pregnancy prevention after consultation with the National Family Planning organization in the Republic of the Philippines. Subjects were divided into four groups: those women who used an oral contraceptive, women using the IUD, women practising the rhythm method, and those who relied on other methods of birth control.This study attempted to reveal sources of information on family planning and reasons for acceptance of a birth control method, as well as the woman's actual and ideal family size and the interval since her last pregnancy. In addition, the relationship between the woman's educational level and the type of technique selected and husband's occupation as a correlate of the method chosen were also investigated.The findings appear to suggest, among other things, that women near the end of the child-bearing years were less likely to select one of the more effective methods. Women with large families and those who reported the desire for no additional children tended to favour the more reliable techniques. Surprisingly, the two measures of status failed to reveal significant relationships with the selection of a given technique.

The Influence of Early Parents' Death on Manifestations of Depressive Symptoms among Young Adults

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuka Mike Ifeagwazi ◽  
Ndili Obieze
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enugu State

This study investigated the influence of early parents' death on manifestations of depressive symptoms among young adults. One hundred students, consisting of 50 orphans (20 male and 30 female) and 50 non-orphans (20 male and 30 female) drawn from 10 secondary schools in Nsukka area of Enugu State, participated in the study. Each student was individually administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which is a self-report assessment device consisting of 21 items designed to tap the affective, cognitive, motivational, and somatic symptomatology of depression. A 2 × 2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data to test the two hypotheses of the study. Results showed that the orphans reported significantly higher depressive symptoms than the non-orphans ( p < .001). There was no significant difference in depressive symptoms reported by male and female subjects. It was concluded from the study that the early loss of both parents through death could predispose an individual to develop some emotional difficulties such as depression later in adult life.

scholarly journals Correlation of Alcohol Addiction and Disruptive Behaviours among University Undergraduates in Enugu State University of Science and Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Egbo Chinonye Emmanuella ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
Alcohol Addiction ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
State University ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State

The study aimed at determining the correlation of alcohol addiction and disruptive behaviour among undergraduates in Enugu state universityof Science and Technology (ESUT), Enugu, Nigeria.The study was carried out in Enugu State using a correlation design research method. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The population for the study consists of 26,000 regular undergraduates of Enugu state University.The sample for the study consists of 360 undergraduates.A Multi-stage sample approach was employed in selecting the sample size as follows; first, simple random sampling technique was used to choose ten (10)faculties from Enugu State University. This gave a total of 360 university undergraduate students comprising of 200 males and 160 females.The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher. The instrument was structured using a four point rating scale and was face validated by three experts, in Faculty of Education, Enugu State University of Sciences and Technology. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was used to determine the reliability obtained from the five sections of the instrument ranged from 0.96 to 0.85 while the overall reliability coefficient of the whole instrument was 0.73. Out of 369 copies of questionnaire distributed, 334 copies were properly filled and returned which represent 92.78% return rate. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the findings indicated that alcohol addiction leads undergraduate to a great extent in rival group clashes, armed robbery, vandalism and sexual harassment in Enugu State. The null hypotheses tested showed no significant difference in the mean responses of male and female students. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that there should be public enlightenment on the effect of drug and alcohol abuse among the students thereby putting up strong rules and regulation against alcohol and substance abuse among students.

scholarly journals USE OF KB INJECTIONS FOR 3 MONTHS AT THE PUSKESMAS BALOI PERMAI, BATAM CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rifki ◽  
Rosyadi Aziz Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Arm Muscles

Injectable birth control methods use medroxyprogesterone (a type of progestin) which is injected once or 3 months into the buttocks or upper arm muscles. This is very effective but can interfere with the menstrual cycle. The results of several studies conducted on injection family planning acceptors showed that the factors associated with injection contraceptive use were menstrual disorders 51.25%, 36.25% increase in body weight and an increase in blood pressure. Some of the results of studies conducted on injection contraceptive acceptors showed that factors which is associated with the use of injection contraceptives is the occurrence of menstrual disorders 51.25%, weight gain 36.25% and an increase in blood pressure 3.75% (Eiska, 2007). Method : The research objective was to determine the use of 3-month injection of family planning at the UPT Puskesmas Baloi Permai. The population of this study were mothers who used 3-month injection contraception. Sampling with purposive sampling technique. The number of samples is 98 respondents. Result :The univariate results obtained were more than half of the respondents who used 3-month injection contraception (57.1%). Conclusion : Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded as follows : The conclusion in this study was that 98 respondents obtained the results, namely, respondents who used injection contraceptives for 3 months with categories using as many as 92 people (93.9%

scholarly journals EXTENT OF COUNSELORS EFFECTIVENESS IN POST PRIMARY INSTITUTIONS IN ENUGU STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
EGBO ANTHONIA CHINONYELUM ◽  
ONUOMA LOVENAH IKODIYA ◽  
EGBO CHINONYE EMMANUELLA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Primary Institutions

This study is an appraisal of counselors’ effectiveness in post primary institutions in Enugu State. This study adopted descriptive survey research deign. It was carried out in the six educational zones of Enugu state with a total of two hundred and seventy-five (275) government-owned secondary schools. The population for the study comprises a key officer each from all the two hundred and seventy-five (275) government owned secondary schools in Enugu State. Two hundred and seventy-five (275) is small and manageable as a sample for study. Hence, the researcher used all of them for the study. Therefore, no sampling was done. The researcher explored eight research questions and formulated two hypotheses on the comparison of the performance of counselors by gender and locations using t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The research questions were answered using means and standard deviations. It was found that the respondents generally had high perceptions of the counselors’ performance in each of their professional roles except with respect to the referral function. It was also found that there is no significant difference in the performance of male and female counselors in both urban and rural areas. Recommendations were made that counselors should be adequately motivated and that counselors should specialize on guidance and counseling services to improve their effectiveness in post primary schools in Enugu State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Mobile Apps on Student’s Motivation and Achievement in Motor Vehicle Mechanic Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Joshua Onyedikachi Ike ◽  
Samson Oluwatimilehin Ariyo ◽  
Olawale Opeyemi Olaitan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Conventional Teaching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State

Purpose: The study was carried out to investigate the effect of mobile apps on students’ achievement in petrol engine maintenance work in technical colleges in Enugu State, Nigeria. Approach/Methodology/Design: The study adopted quasi-experimental design and was carried out in Enugu State, Nigeria. The population for the study was 170 NTC II students. The sample size for the study was 40 motor vehicle mechanics work NTC II students who have any mobile technologies (Smart phones) participated in the experimental group and were selected using purposive sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was motor vehicle mechanic work achievement test (MWMWAT). The data collected were analyzed using mean, to answer the research questions while ANCOVA was used to test the hypothesis. Three research questions were answered, while one null hypothesis formulated were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Findings: The study revealed that students taught petrol vehicle maintenance works with mobile apps had a higher mean achievement score than those students taught using conventional teaching aids in the achievement test. There was a significant difference between the mean achievement scores of students taught with mobile apps and those taught with conventional teaching aids in motor vehicle mechanics work trade. Practical Implications: The study will contribute positively to the understanding of using mobile apps to increase students’ motivation and academic achievement. Originality/value: This study innovates in examining the use of mobile apps by motor vehicle mechanic work teachers in improving the motivation and academic achievement of students.

scholarly journals Self-repair as a norm-related strategy in simultaneous interpreting and its implications for gendered approaches to interpreting

Target ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Magnifico ◽  
Bart Defrancq
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Norm Compliance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Self Repair ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
The Way

Abstract This paper analyses a possible gendered manifestation of norms in interpreting. It focuses on the use of self-repair, a textual expression of the norm, by male and female interpreters. Two research questions are examined: (1) whether the extent to which self-repairs occur in interpreting is gendered and (2) whether gender influences the way in which the output is repaired using editing terms. Considering the literature on gender and norm-compliance, female interpreters are expected to produce more self-repairs and editing terms than male interpreters. The research is based on the 2008 subcorpus of EPICG with French source speeches and their English and Dutch interpretations. The interpreters’ self-repairs were manually identified and statistically compared. Regarding the first question, it appears that gender influences the use of self-repairs in interpreting. As for the second one, statistical analysis reveals language-based patterns: in the English booth, women use significantly more editing terms than men. The French/Dutch subcorpus yields no significant difference. However, women seem to also use apologies as editing terms.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE USAGE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Igboke ◽  
Patricia Akwaya Olom
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Online News ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Test Of Hypotheses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions

<p>The study investigated the influence of the usage of social networking sites on academic performance of students in Entrepreneurship Education. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population consisted of 120 students (60 males and 60 females) from University of Calabar in Nigeria. A questionnaire with a-4-point rating scale was used to elicit responses from the respondents. The instrument was tested for reliability using Cronbach Alpha, and it yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.89. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and t-test to test the hypotheses at a confidence level of 0.05. The findings from the study revealed that the motives of students using social networking sites include: connecting with family and friends; searching for new friends; online news; entertainments; information sharing, chatting, downloading music and movies and searching for study materials. It was also found that the usage of social networking sites had strong positive influence on the students. Similarly, the test of hypotheses indicates that there is significant difference in the motive of using Social Networking Sites (SNSs) by male and female students in Entrepreneurship Education. Besides, it was found that there is a significant difference in the opinion of male and female respondents on the influence of social networking sites usage on the academic performance of male and female students in Entrepreneurship Education. The implication of the study is that social networking sites could be used as educational resource in order to improve academic performance of both male and female students. However, usage of the networking sites may also influence academic performance negatively. Teachers and counselors need to particularly take notice of this for necessary remedial actions. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Universities and lectures in particular should adopt the usage of social networking sites to enhance teaching and learning in Entrepreneurship Education and other related disciplines.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0789/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Diversity in Utilization of Reading Strategies: A Cross Gender Study on Iranian EFL Learners

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Karbalaee Kamran
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Reading Strategy ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Efl Teacher ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Insight Into

Current study aims to examine whether any statistically significant difference existed between Iranian<br />male and female English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' reading strategy utilization. The data<br />was collected employing three instruments of Survey of Reading Strategy (SORS), a reading test, and a<br />questionnaire on demographic information. Several analyses of independent samples t-test were<br />executed to answer the research questions. The findings revealed no statistically significant difference<br />between male and female participants on their overall reading strategy use. No gender impact was<br />sought in use of global and support subscales of reading strategies; however, female participants were<br />found to outperform their male counterparts in use of problem solving subscale of reading strategies.<br />Implications were provided for EFL teacher and researchers to upgrade their insight into nuance<br />differences between male and female readers' interaction with a text.

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