aS1-Casein Lineage Assessed by RFLP in the Endangered Goat Breed “Retinta Extremeña”

<p class="1Body">The Retinta Extremeña goat is a well-adapted breed to "Dehesa" environment. Traditionally their raw milk is used to make artisan cheese. However, crosses with specialized breeds are occurring since the eighties, this goat breed has been declared of special protection by the Spanish Agriculture Ministry (R.D. 1682/1997 and R.D. 229/2008). Genetic studies about casein variants have been mainly performed on Spanish goats of high milk yields because the caseins are a relevant fraction of milk. But recent studies claimed to study the caseins in all breeds, including threatened goat breeds to decide about its conservation value. This study was focused on the aS1-casein in the endangered “Retinta Extremeña” goat for the first time to enhance its conservation interest. Genomic DNA of seventy five pureblood goats was studied. A PCR-RFLP assay was designed to find a B<em>my</em>I target that distinguishing A versus B2 lineages (including recombinant variant M and B1, respectively) of the aS1-casein locus. The allelic frequency of variants related to A lineage (CAG triplet) was 14.0% similar to other southwestern Spanish breeds. It is suggested that individuals or families carrying A lineage should be more studied to detect less allergen null alleles while the opposite allele pools of the B2 lineages should be tested for alleles associated to unsaturated fatty acid content. Therefore, the priorities for conservation plans of animal genetic resources as threatened goat breeds; more investigation is claimed in the aim to study for proved useful alleles of certain genes, as casein variants.</p>

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Molecular Detection and Phylogeny of Anaplasmaphagocytophilum and Related Variants in Small Ruminants from Turkey

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 814

Author(s):

Münir Aktaş ◽

Sezayi Özübek ◽

Mehmet Can Uluçeşme

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

First Time ◽

Japan And China ◽

Apparently Healthy

Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes tick-borne fever in small ruminants. Recently, novel Anaplasma variants related to A. phagocytophilum have been reported in ruminants from Tunisia, Italy, South Korea, Japan, and China. Based on 16S rRNA and groEL genes and sequencing, we screened the frequency of A. phagocytophilum and related variants in 433 apparently healthy small ruminants in Turkey. Anaplasma spp. overall infection rates were 27.9% (121/433 analyzed samples). The frequency of A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like 1 infections was 1.4% and 26.5%, respectively. No A. phagocytophilum-like 2 was detected in the tested animals. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was comparable in species, and no significant difference was detected between sheep and goats, whereas the prevalence significantly increased with tick infestation. Sequencing confirmed PCR-RFLP data and showed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like-1 variant in the sampled animals. Phylogeny-based on 16S rRNA gene revealed the A. phagocytophilum-like 1 in a separate clade together with the previous isolates detected in small ruminants and ticks. In this work, A. phagocytophilum-like 1 has been detected for the first time in sheep and goats from Turkey. This finding revealed that the variant should be considered in the diagnosis of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis.

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Survey of the Bradysia odoriphaga Transcriptome Using PacBio Single-Molecule Long-Read Sequencing

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes10060481 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 481 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chen ◽

Lin ◽

Xie ◽

Zhong ◽

Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insecticide Resistance ◽

Single Molecule ◽

Functional Categories ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Sequencing Technologies ◽

Clusters Of Orthologous Groups ◽

Long Read ◽

Main Gene ◽

First Time ◽

Main Factor

The damage caused by Bradysia odoriphaga is the main factor threatening the production of vegetables in the Liliaceae family. However, few genetic studies of B. odoriphaga have been conducted because of a lack of genomic resources. Many long-read sequencing technologies have been developed in the last decade; therefore, in this study, the transcriptome including all development stages of B. odoriphaga was sequenced for the first time by Pacific single-molecule long-read sequencing. Here, 39,129 isoforms were generated, and 35,645 were found to have annotation results when checked against sequences available in different databases. Overall, 18,473 isoforms were distributed in 25 various Clusters of Orthologous Groups, and 11,880 isoforms were categorized into 60 functional groups that belonged to the three main Gene Ontology classifications. Moreover, 30,610 isoforms were assigned into 44 functional categories belonging to six main Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional categories. Coding DNA sequence (CDS) prediction showed that 36,419 out of 39,129 isoforms were predicted to have CDS, and 4319 simple sequence repeats were detected in total. Finally, 266 insecticide resistance and metabolism-related isoforms were identified as candidate genes for further investigation of insecticide resistance and metabolism in B. odoriphaga.

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History of Headache Research in Denmark

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/033310240102100702 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 748-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P Tfelt-Hansen

Keyword(s):

Migraine With Aura ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood ◽

Danish Population ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

History Of ◽

Headache Clinic ◽

Type Headache ◽

Acute Headache ◽

First Time

Headache research in Denmark started with the description in 1949 by Dalsgaard-Nielsen of the percutaneous nitroglycerin test. In 1976 Jes Olesen started The Copenhagen Acute Headache Clinic and from that time modern headache research began in Denmark. Specific changes in regional cerebral blood flow during attacks of migraine with aura, spreading oligaemia, were described for the first time in 1980. The first headache classification with operational diagnostic criteria was published in 1988 and used in a Danish population study from 1989. The lifetime prevalence of migraine was 8% in men and 25% in women. An intravenous nitroglycerin test was introduced in 1989 and has been developed as an experimental headache model. In 1993 it was suggested by Jes Olesen et al. that NO supersensitivity could be a possible molecular mechanism of migraine pain. Recent genetic studies have supported the distinction between migraine with aura and migraine without aura. From the middle of the 1980s the pathophysiology of tension-type headache has been investigated and recent results indicate central sensitization in patients with chronic tension-type headache.

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New Records of Anopheles benarrochi B (Diptera: Culicidae) in Malaria Hotspots in the Amazon Regions of Ecuador and Peru

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjaa293 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diego Morales Viteri ◽

Manuela Herrera-Varela ◽

Maribel Albuja ◽

Cristina Quiroga ◽

Gloria Diaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vector Control ◽

Malaria Transmission ◽

New Records ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Human Landing Catch ◽

Light Traps ◽

Control Units ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Human Landing ◽

First Time

Abstract The increase in malaria transmission in the Amazon region motivated vector control units of the Ministry of Health of Ecuador and Peru to investigate Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) species present in transmission hotspots. Mosquitoes were collected using prokopack aspirators and CDC light traps (Ecuador) and human landing catch in Peru. In Ecuador, 84 Anopheles were captured from Pastaza, Morona Santiago, and Orellana provinces and identified morphologically [An. (An.) apicimacula Dyar and Knab, An. (Nys.) near benarrochi, An. (Nys.) near oswaldoi, An. (Nys.) near strodei, An. (An.) nimbus (Theobald, 1902), and An. (Nyssorhynchus) sp.]. In Peru, 1,150 Anopheles were collected in Andoas District. A subsample of 166 specimens was stored under silica and identified as An. near oswaldoi, An. darlingi, and An. (An.) mattogrossensis Lutz and Neiva. COI barcode region sequences were obtained for 137 adults (107 from Peru, 30 from Ecuador) identified by ITS2 PCR-RFLP as An. benarrochi Gabaldon, Cova Garcia, and Lopez and retained in the final analysis. Haplotypes from the present study plus An. benarrochi B GenBank sequences grouped separately from Brazilian An. benarrochi GenBank sequences by 44 mutation steps, indicating that the present study specimens were An. benarrochi B. Our findings confirm the presence of An. benarrochi B in Ecuador and reported here for the first time from the Amazonian provinces of Orellana and Morona Santiago. Furthermore, we confirm that the species collected in Andoas District in the Datem del Maranon Province, Peru, is An. benarrochi B, and we observed that it is highly anthropophilic. Overall, the known distribution of An. benarrochi B has been extended and includes southern Colombia, much of Peru and eastern Ecuador.

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Novel nuclear microsatellites in the endangered neotropical timber tree Lecythis ampla (Lecythidaceae)

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2014-0023 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (1-6) ◽

pp. 181-184

Author(s):

G. Hernández ◽

H. Konrad ◽

S. Krumböck ◽

Thomas Geburek

Keyword(s):

Null Alleles ◽

Molecular Tools ◽

Endangered Tree ◽

Endangered Tree Species ◽

Dna Libraries ◽

Timber Tree ◽

Nuclear Microsatellite ◽

Enrichment Protocol ◽

Candidate Loci ◽

First Time

AbstractFor the first time, nuclear microsatellite (nSSRs) primers were developed in the endangered tree species Lecythis ampla (Lecythidaceae) as molecular tools. An enrichment protocol with genomic DNA libraries for nSSRs was used to identify candidate loci. A large number of candidate loci were identified. Consecutively population genetic parameters of these loci were tested in two available populations. Eventually 17 microsatellite loci have been identified that show no or only low evidence for linkage disequilibrium, deviations from Hardy-Weinberg expectations or high levels of null alleles. These markers are apt for future molecular population studies.

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Quantifying the prevalence of assortative mating in a human population

10.1101/848911 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Klaus Jaffe

Keyword(s):

Assortative Mating ◽

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Random Mating ◽

Human Populations ◽

Genetic Composition ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Maintenance Of Sex ◽

Animal Populations ◽

The Uk ◽

First Time

AbstractFor the first time, empirical evidence allowed to construct the frequency distribution of a genetic relatedness index between the parents of about half a million individuals living in the UK. The results suggest that over 30% of the population is the product of parents mating assortatively. The rest is probably the offspring of parents matching the genetic composition of their partners randomly. High degrees of genetic relatedness between parents, i.e. extreme inbreeding, was rare. This result shows that assortative mating is likely to be highly prevalent in human populations. Thus, assuming only random mating among humans, as widely done in ecology and population genetic studies, is not an appropriate approximation to reality. The existence of assortative mating has to be accounted for. The results suggest the conclusion that both, assortative and random mating, are evolutionary stable strategies. This improved insight allows to better understand complex evolutionary phenomena, such as the emergence and maintenance of sex, the speed of adaptation, runaway adaptation, maintenance of cooperation, and many others in human and animal populations.

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Preliminary analysis of Plasmodium vivax genotypes isolated in southeastern Turkey

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2015-0034 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Aysu Değirmenci Döşkaya ◽

Mert Döşkaya ◽

Ayşe Caner ◽

Kadri Gül ◽

Şebnem Nergiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Plasmodium Vivax ◽

Preliminary Analysis ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Common Cause ◽

Three Samples ◽

Two Samples ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

New Treatment ◽

First Time

AbstractPlasmodium vivax is the most common cause of malaria worldwide as well as southeastern Turkey. After the implementation of a successful national elimination program that the local malaria cases were not reported in 2011, malaria returned to county of Savur located in southeastern Turkey in summer of 2012. The present study aimed to determine the prevalent P. vivax genotypes isolated from southeastern Turkey. Genetic polymorphism in P. vivax CSP gene was analyzed by PCR-RFLP to assess the ratio of VK210 and VK247 types. Blood samples were obtained from 15 patients who lived in southeastern between 2005-2006. According to the results, VK210 type was detected in 10 samples (66.6%), VK247 type was observed in three samples (20%). Remaining two samples showed mixed infection (13.3%). The results of the present study first time showed the ratio of P. vivax genotypes in southeastern Turkey before the elimination in 2011. The results of the present study will be enable researchers to compare the new isolates with the previously detected ones and design new treatment and/elimination strategies.

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Polymorphism of the IL13 gene may be associated with Uterine leiomyomas in Slovenian women

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics ◽

10.1515/bjmg-2016-0036 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 51-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J Krsteski ◽

S Jurgec ◽

M Pakiž ◽

I But ◽

U Potočnik

Keyword(s):

Tumor Biology ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Uterine Leiomyomas ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

First Sexual Intercourse ◽

Pelvic Tumors ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

History Of ◽

First Time

AbstractUterine leiomyomas (ULM) are a common cause of solid pelvic tumors in women. Their etiopathogenesis remains unclear. Interleukins (ILs) and their receptors can influence tumor biology of ULM. The aim of this study was to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exhibited in the genes IL4 (rs2070874), IL4R (rs1801275), IL12RB1 (rs11575934), IL12B (rs6887695), IL13 (rs20541) and IL23R (rs7517847) as risk factors for ULM in Slovenian women and to identify associations between corresponding clinical parameters and the analyzed SNPs. In addition, solitary and multiple ULM were compared to identify clinical and/or genetic parameters influencing their occurrence. We conducted a case-control study that included 181 women with leiomyomas and 133 control subjects. Genotyping of selected SNPs was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and high resolution melting (HRM) techniques. The TT genotype of rs20541 (IL13) was significantly associated with decreased risk of ULM compared to both the CC and CT genotypes [p = 0.018; odds ratio (OR) = 0.184; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.048-0.7121. Using genetic and clinical data to develop a predictive model with logistic regression, we found that adenomyosis, higher age at diagnosis, family history of ULM occurrence, earlier menarche, lower number of pregnancies and lower age at first sexual intercourse, the G allele and genotypes AG and GG of rs1801275 (IL4R) were associated with an increased risk of multiple ULM occurrence. We also found an association between rs20541 (IL13) and 17ß-estradiol serum levels in patients with multiple ULM (p 0.003). Our study showed, for the first time, that rs20541 (IL13) may contribute to susceptibility of ULM development and that rs1801275 (IL4R) can predispose patients to develop multiple ULM.

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Development and characterization of 24 polymorphic microsatellitelocifor the freshwater fishIchthyoelephas longirostris(Characiformes: Prochilodontidae)

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.2419 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e2419 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ricardo M. Landínez-García ◽

Edna J. Márquez

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Migratory Species ◽

Genetic Stock ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽

First Time ◽

Management And Conservation ◽

Generation Sequencing

The Neotropical freshwater fishIchthyoelephas longirostris(Characiformes: prochilodontidae) is a short-distance migratory species endemic to Colombia. This study developed for the first time a set of 24 polymorphic microsatellitelociby using next-generation sequencing to explore the population genetics of this commercially exploited species. Nineteen of theselociwere used to assess the genetic diversity and structure of 193I. longirostrisin three Colombian rivers of the Magdalena basin. Results showed that a single genetic stock circulates in the Cauca River, whereas other single different genetic stock is present in the rivers Samaná Norte and San Bartolomé-Magdalena. Additionally,I. longirostriswas genetically different among and across rivers. This first insight about the population genetic structure ofI. longirostrisis crucial for monitoring the genetic diversity, the management and conservation of its populations, and complement the genetic studies in Prochilodontidae.

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Trogon rufus Gmelin, 1788, Baryphthengus ruficapillus (Vieillot, 1818), Notharchus swainsoni (Gray, 1846), Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieillot, 1819, Tyrannopsis sulphurea (Spix, 1825) and Procnias nudicollis (Vieillot, 1817) (Aves): documented records in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/8.6.1325 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 1325

Author(s):

José Carlos Morante Filho ◽

Mauricio Neves Godoi

Keyword(s):

Species Distribution ◽

Bird Species ◽

The State ◽

Distribution Range ◽

Ecological Studies ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Conservation Plans ◽

First Time ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

A better understanding of patterns of species distribution is critical to carrying out the ecological studies needed to develop more appropriate conservation plans. Here we present records for six bird species in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Five of these species (Trogon rufus, Baryphthengus ruficapillus, Notharchus swainsoni, Synallaxis ruficapilla and Procnias nudicollis) are rare and their distribution range is still poorly understood; one species (Tyrannopsis sulphurea) was recorded for the first time in the state.

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