Physicochemical comsposition of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed under different storage temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailenokhuoria Bukola Victoria ◽  
Omena Emmanuel Chukwuma ◽  
Isaac Olawale Orimadegun
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kenaf Seed

Kenaf is an annual plant grown for its fibre which basically depend on the seed viability, for its maximum growth and production. The seed viability and vigor in turn depend on storage condition. There is insufficient information on physicochemical composition of kenaf seed in relation to seed viability. The present study was performed to know the physicochemical composition of the kenaf seed at different storage temperature in other to improve upon rapid loss of seed viability in kenaf. Four varieties of kenaf seed were obtained from I.A.R. & T seed unit. The seeds were stored at 00C (Unviable seed), 2.20C (Lower temperature), 350C (Ambient temperature), 280C (Cold room temperature which serve as control) for period of 8 months. Seed germination test and weight was performed  before and after the experiment.  Proximate analysis (Crude protein, Moisture, Carbohydrate, Ash, Crude fibre, Crude fat) and Phytochemicals (Total phenolics, Steroid and Total Flavonoids were also determined). The result shows that there is significant difference in all the parameters studied, for all the storage temperatures as compared with the control (280C) among the varieties except from ifeken 100 where the was no significant difference in Crude fibre and Ash  content for seed under ambient temperature as compared with the control. However, the level of tolerance to different storage temperature among the varieties following the order Ifeken 400 >Tianung 2 > Cuba 108>Ifeken 100.Keywords: Kenaf, Storage, Seed germination, Seed weight, Temparature, Seed viability, Proximate, Flavonoid, Phenolics.

scholarly journals Seed longevity of maize conserved under germplasm bank conditions for up to 60 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Guzzon ◽  
Maraeva Gianella ◽  
Jose Alejandro Velazquez Juarez ◽  
Cesar Sanchez Cano ◽  
Denise E Costich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Germination Experiments

Abstract Background and Aims The long-term conservation of seeds of plant genetic resources is of key importance for food security and preservation of agrobiodiversity. Nevertheless, there is scarce information available about seed longevity of many crops under germplasm bank conditions. Methods Through germination experiments as well as the analysis of historical monitoring data, we studied the decline in viability manifested by 1000 maize (Zea mays subsp. mays) seed accessions conserved for an average of 48 years at the CIMMYT germplasm bank, the largest maize seedbank in the world, under two cold storage conditions: an active (–3 °C; intended for seed distribution) and a base conservation chamber (–15 °C; for long-term conservation). Key Results Seed lots stored in the active chamber had a significantly lower and more variable seed germination, averaging 81.4 %, as compared with the seed lots conserved in the base chamber, averaging 92.1 %. The average seed viability detected in this study was higher in comparison with that found in other seed longevity studies on maize conserved under similar conditions. A significant difference was detected in seed germination and longevity estimates (e.g. p85 and p50) among accessions. Correlating seed longevity with seed traits and passport data, grain type showed the strongest correlation, with flint varieties being longer lived than floury and dent types. Conclusions The more rapid loss of seed viability detected in the active chamber suggests that the seed conservation approach, based on the storage of the same seed accessions in two chambers with different temperatures, might be counterproductive for overall long-term conservation and that base conditions should be applied in both. The significant differences detected in seed longevity among accessions underscores that different viability monitoring and regeneration intervals should be applied to groups of accessions showing different longevity profiles.

scholarly journals Effects of Desiccation and Storage Temperature on Seed Germination in Kapok

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
YanLing Zheng ◽  
GaoJuan Zhao ◽  
HuanCheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Mature Seeds

Kapok (Bombax ceiba) is a deciduous tree that can grow in the dry-hot valley of southwestern China where its natural regeneration by seedlings is difficult. As mature fruit split open and seeds disperse by wind, it is difficult to collect fully mature seeds. The effects of seed moisture content (MC) and storage temperatures on seed germination of dark-brown seeds collected from split fruit and light-brown seeds collected ≈10–15 days earlier than the time of fruit split were studied to determine the effective germplasm preservation via the seeds. Dark-brown mature seeds could tolerate desiccation to less than 5% MC and could tolerate −20 and −80 °C. Seeds of kapok showed orthodox storage behavior. They can be stored at subzero temperatures with low MC for a long time. For light-brown seeds, germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), seedling fresh weight (SFW), and vigor index (VI) decreased significantly after seed desiccation. Germination percentage of light-brown seeds with different MC increased to a different extent after being stored at different temperatures for 1 year (76% to 99%), compared with the fresh seeds (73%). Storing fresh seeds at 4 °C was most favorable to keep seed viability and seed vigor of light-brown seeds. Seed collection could be done several days earlier than the time of fruit burst to ensure increased quantity of collected seeds.

scholarly journals The Effect of polyethylene glycol concentration on some varieties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in enhancing the germination viability

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
C I Wahyudin ◽  
A S Mahulette ◽  
J I Nendissa ◽  
M H Makaruku ◽  
W D Mariati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Hypocotyl Length ◽  
F Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Germination

Abstract The purpose of this study was to see the interaction between the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol and various varieties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) On plant germination. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with 3 replications. The factors used for the study were varieties of kenaf (Karang Proso 6, Karang Proso 9 and Karang Proso 15) and the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol (0, 3, 5, and 7 ppm). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) using least significant difference (LSD) test of 5%. There was an interaction between the concentration of Polyethylene Glycol and kenaf varieties on germination power. Karang Proso 9 variety was consistent with several concentrations of Polyethylene Glycol which had higher germination compared to other varieties. Polyethylene Glycol concentration did not affect hypocotyl length, seed germination uniformity, dry weight of the varieties of Karang Proso 6, Karang Proso 9 and Karang Proso 15.

scholarly journals Effect of Periods and Media Storage on Viability of Cananga Seed (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson forma genuina)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Ferawati Oktia Nurhayani ◽  
Arum Sekar Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Media Storage ◽  
Cananga Odorata

The suitable seed storage method is important to maintain seed viability. This study aimed to examine the effect of periods and media storage on the viability of cananga seed (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson forma genuina). The treatments used in the seed viability test were 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks as period storage and cocopeat, ash, and charcoal as media storage. The seeds were stored in the plastic at room temperature (± 25°C). The variables observed in this study were seed moisture content, percentage of germination, maximum growth potential, average days of germination, T50, germination value, and the number of seeds that germinate during storage. The percentage of C. odorata seeds germination without storage is 54%. The seed storage for 2 – 6 weeks in ash and charcoal hush caused their viability was drop. The seeds storage of C. odorata up to 6 weeks in cocopeat could maintain seeds viability with a percentage of germination that has no significant difference compared to control. In general, cocopeat can be used as one of the storage media in the seed storage of C. odorata before sowing.Keywords: Cananga odorata, cocopeat, germination percentage, seed, viability

scholarly journals Seasonal and Temperature Dependent Variations in Proximate Parameters and Mineral Elements of Smoke-Dried Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) using Traditional and Eco-Friendly Kilns in Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-643
Author(s):  
M.M. Ogunbambo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Smoke-drying Clarias gariepinus (catfish) provides animal protein and a source of livelihood in Lagos, Nigeria. Changes occurring to seasonal and mineral compositions of smoke-dried catfish using local Traditional Drum Kiln (TDK) and a newly constructed Eco-Friendly Kiln (EFK) fitted with a flame, drying and electronic components was carried out in this study. The smoke-drying process was carried out in both wet and dry seasons and smoke-dried catfish samples stored at ambient and adjusted refrigerated temperatures of 28 and 4 0C. The smoke-drying procedure was  standardized at 60 - 80 0C and kiln lasted 24 ± 3 hours. Moisture content results showed a significant difference when the catfish samples were smoke-dried using TDK and EFK and stored in ambient and controlled temperatures in both wet and dry seasons while crude protein, lipid, ash and crude fibre values were significantly different when stored only in dry season. Mineral elements phosphorus, sodium, copper, magnesium and iron showed a significant difference when stored at both temperatures and seasons using both kilns. Mineral elements were found to be most stable in smoke-dried catfish samples when stored at controlled temperatures. This work proved that standardizing smoke-drying process using both kilns resulted in good quality smoke-dried catfish but showed that higher biochemical values were obtained when EFK is used. Key words: Nigeria, Smoke-drying Kilns, Seasons, Ambient, Controlled Temperatures

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF ISOLATION, OR VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN, HIGH FIBRE HULL FRACTION OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEALS ON RAT OR PIG PERFORMANCE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
A. J. LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty-eight crossbred pigs of average initial weight 21 kg were fed 10% Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and 10% Candle RSM as partial replacements for soybean meal (SBM). Diets were formulated to be isocaloric. Pigs fed the SBM diet consumed less feed, gained significantly (P < 0.01) faster and were more efficient at converting feed to gain than those fed the RSM diets. Performance of pigs fed Candle RSM was not significantly different to that obtained with Tower RSM. In a second experiment, dehulled Tower RSM and Tower RSM hulls were mixed in amounts to produce RSM with crude fibre levels of 6.8, 10.8, 13.5 and 15.8%. The simulated RSM and Tower and Candle RSM were used to completely replace SBM in the diets of weanling (75 g) Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats fed SBM had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gain (ADG) than those fed Tower or Candle RSM, or diets containing the rapeseed meats. There was no significant (P < 0.05) difference in ADG, feed intake or feed to gain ratio of rats fed either Tower or Candle RSM. Feed intake, feed to gain ratio and fecal volatile fatty acid concentrations increased while average daily gain decreased with increasing level of hulls in simulated RSM diets. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in thyroid weight between rats fed SBM, Tower RSM or Candle RSM.

scholarly journals Effect of X-ray irradiation on the F1 generation of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and the germination rate of maize grain

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobifagha Princess Bell-Gam ◽  
Luke Chinaru Nwosu ◽  
Kayode David Ileke ◽  
Uwaoma Otuodichinma Aguwa
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flour Production

Abstract Background The use of X-ray irradiation in the control of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infesting stored maize was tested at 60, 70 and 80 KeV as part of the international concerted efforts to save maize production and enhance food security. Investigations were done in the laboratory at mean temperature and relative humidity of 29.2 °C and 75.7%, respectively using three varieties of maize. The possibility that X-ray irradiation can affect the viability of maize grains when planted after weevil control process was also evaluated in the laboratory. Standard methods were used to achieve the specific objectives, and X-ray machine snap constituted the exposure time for each dose. Results The results revealed 10% mortality of adult weevils after 24 h and 40% mortality after a period of 7 days. The result indicates moderate effect on mortality. Progressive increase in mortality was recorded as dose increased from 60 to 80 KeV. X-ray irradiation at the doses tested did not significantly (P > 0.05) restrict S. zeamais emergence from maize grains and did not also significantly protect grains against damage and flour production. There was no difference in the pattern of daily emergence of new progenies and pattern of accumulated emergence. The relationship between X-ray irradiation doses and weight of emerging progenies require more specific analysis. Absence of significant difference between the viability of irradiated grains and un-irradiated grains strongly suggests that X-ray irradiation did not adversely affect seed viability, and this gives irradiation technique an opportunity of higher acceptability in agriculture. Conclusions We recommend > 80 KeV of X-ray irradiation or its incorporation into integrated pest management system in order to achieve effective post-harvest control of the pest.

Effects of dietary oil palm, plantain and Calopogonium spp. leaves on performance and sensory values of rabbit meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
J.N. Ingweye ◽  
J. Mfon ◽  
G.A. Kalio ◽  
F.I. Ologbose
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Better Than

Performance and organoleptic indices of rabbits fed plantain, oil palm and calopogonium leaves was assessed using 48, eight weeks old bucks. They were allotted to four groups of 12 animals and three replicates of four animals each. Group A (control) was fed calopogonium leaf while groups B, C, and D were fed plantain leaf, oil palm leaf, and 50% oil palm + 50% plantain leaves, respectively. Animals consumed fixed amount of commercial pellets while forages and water were given ad libitum. Completely randomized design, one-way analysis of variance was used. Proximate analysis of pellets and forages as well as feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were assessed. At the end of the experiment, meat from one rabbit per treatment was used for sensory evaluation by 20 semi-trained panelists using 7-point hedonic scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Significant means were separated using Least Significant Difference. Crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, nitrogen free extract and ash contents of the leaves ranged from 25.11±1.50 (calopogonium) to 4.90±0.92 (oil palm), 38.40±2.12 (oil palm) to 15.38±0.07 (plantain), 9.71±0.01 (plantain) to 2.30±0.01 (oil palm), 47.80±0.56 (oil palm) to 32.27±0.02 (calopogonium) and 11.93±0.02 (plantain) to 2.99±0.01 (oil palm), respectively. Groups A and B had the highest (p<0.05) final weight and weight gains while groups A, B and C had the highest (p<0.05) forage intake. Feed conversion ratios of groups A and B were better (lower) than others. Forages had no effect on meat colour and texture. Groups B and D meats tasted better than others. Group D meat aroma was better than those fed single forages. Meats from groups C and D were the juiciest while meats from groups A, C and D were the most acceptable. Consideration of final weights, weight gains, feed conversion ratio and taste of meat would require that plantain leaves be used to feed meat rabbits. Keywords: Organoleptic indices, Dry season feeding, Forage

scholarly journals Using Microwave Soil Heating to Inhibit Invasive Species Seed Germination

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélissa De Wilde ◽  
Elise Buisson ◽  
Nicole Yavercovski ◽  
Loïc Willm ◽  
Livia Bieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Successful invasive plant eradication is rare, because the methods used target the adult stage, not taking into account the development capacity of a large seedbank. Heating by microwave was considered, because it offers a means to quickly reach the temperature required for loss of seed viability and inhibition of germination. Previous results were not encouraging, because homogeneous and deep-wave penetration was not achieved, and the various parameters that can affect treatment effectiveness were incompletely addressed. This study aimed to determine, under experimental conditions, the best microwave treatment to inhibit invasive species seed germination in terms of power (2, 4, 6 kW) and duration (2, 4, 8 min) of treatments and depending on soil moisture (10%, 13%, 20%, 30%) and seed burial depth (2, 12 cm). Three invasive species were tested: Bohemian knotweed, giant goldenrod, and jimsonweed. The most effective treatments required relatively high power and duration (2kW8min, 4kW4min, 6kW2min, and 6kW4min; 4kW8min and 6kW8min were not tested for technical reasons), and their effectiveness diminished with increasing soil moisture with germination percentage between 0% and 2% for the lowest soil moisture, 0% and 56% for intermediate soil moisture, and 27% and 68% in control treatments. For the highest soil moisture, only 2kW8min and 4kW4min reduced germination percentage between 2% and 19%. Occasionally, germination of seeds located at the 12-cm depth was more strongly affected. Giant goldenrod seeds were the most sensitive, probably due to their small size. Results are promising and justify further experiments before developing a field microwave device to treat large volumes of soil infested by invasive seed efficiently and with reasonable energy requirements. Other types of soil, in terms of texture and organic matter content, should be tested in future experiments, because these factors influence soil water content and, consequently, microwave heating.

scholarly journals Non-Deep Physiological Dormancy in Seed and Germination Requirements of Lysimachia coreana Nakai

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Saeng Geul Baek ◽  
Jin Hyun Im ◽  
Myeong Ja Kwak ◽  
Cho Hee Park ◽  
Mi Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Viability Test ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Germination Requirements

This study aimed to determine the type of seed dormancy and to identify a suitable method of dormancy-breaking for an efficient seed viability test of Lysimachia coreana Nakai. To confirm the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on seed germination at different temperatures, germination tests were conducted at 5, 15, 20, 25, 20/10, and 25/15 °C (12/12 h, light/dark), using 1% agar with 100, 250, and 500 mg·L−1 GA3. Seeds were also stratified at 5 and 25/15 °C for 6 and 9 weeks, respectively, and then germinated at the same temperature. Seeds treated with GA3 demonstrated an increased germination rate (GR) at all temperatures except 5 °C. The highest GR was 82.0% at 25/15 °C and 250 mg·L−1 GA3 (4.8 times higher than the control (14.0%)). Additionally, GR increased after cold stratification, whereas seeds did not germinate after warm stratification at all temperatures. After cold stratification, the highest GR was 56.0% at 25/15 °C, which was lower than the GR observed after GA3 treatment. We hypothesized that L. coreana seeds have a non-deep physiological dormancy and concluded that 250 mg·L−1 GA3 treatment is more effective than cold stratification (9 weeks) for L. coreana seed-dormancy-breaking.

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