scholarly journals Tradition and Technology with special respect to Dhouta Samskara of Shatadhouta Ghrita

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreevathsa S ◽  
Bharathi B Hiremath ◽  
Dileep Kumar ◽  
Shivappa Pujari ◽  
Rajesh V M
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Special Respect

Ayurveda the science of health care system of medicine has been considered very important since ages. It has narrated many important principles regarding svastya (health), ahara (diet), vyadhi (disease) and aoushadha kalpanas (formlation of medicine). Ghrita is one among the chaturvidha sneha explained in Ayurveda and widely used as ahara and aoushada. Many ghrita samskara’s   are explained in classical texts of Aurveda. Shatadhouta ghrita is one such unique preparation and an example for dhouta samskara. And in laboratory it is evaluated for its pH, organoleptic, properties, moisture content, molecular size, viscosity, copper content, acid value, saponification value, iodine value in JSS Pharmacy College Mysore. Hence an attempt is being made to prepare and analyze the Shatadhouta ghrita in laboratory and to emphasize the importance of samskara explained in Ayurveda.

scholarly journals Physiochemical analysis of oil extracted from Vitelleria paradoxa seed obtained from Wukari North Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 059-066
Author(s):  
Azuaga TI ◽  
Azuaga IC ◽  
Okpaegbe UC ◽  
Ibrahim AI ◽  
Manasseh CK
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Saponification Value

Soxhlet extraction of oil from seeds of Vitelleria paradoxa was carried out using n-hexane as the solvent. Standards methods were adopted in the analysis of the physiochemical properties; moisture content, melting point, total ash content, pH, specific gravity, iodine value, saponification value, acid value, free fatty acid value and ester value were all evaluated. The oil recovery rate was good with 32.6% yield, moisture content of 3.1%, melting point of 52oC and pH 5.7. Total ash content was 50.3%, specific gravity of 0.9 g/cm3, iodine value 39 mg/L, saponification value 224.6 mgKOH/g, acid value 59.9 mgKOH/g free fatty acid (FFA) 29.9 mgKOH/L and ester value 164.7 mg/L. The results shows that oil from Vitelleria paradoxa seed holds the potentials for wider applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, lubricants and soap making.

Physico-chemical Analysis of Tangashree Ghrita

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha F. Hosur ◽  
Mamatha K. V. ◽  
Veena B. Kupati
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies

Quality of the drug is basic need of the era, Analytical tests are helpful to overcome the impurity or substandard of drugs. By following these tests we can ensure the qualities of drugs and promise the good result in treating the disease. Materials and methods: Physico‐chemical studies like Refractive index, Acid value, Saponification value, Iodine value and moisture content were carried out as per the WHO guidelines, Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia and Indian Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: Standardization tests done on Tangashri Ghrita are useful in authentication and ensuring the quality of the same.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of Jatropha oil seed and suitability as biodiesel feedstock

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-586
Author(s):  
Aparna Yadav ◽  
◽  
Sudhakar Prasad Mishra ◽  
P. S. Kendurkar ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Value ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Plant Seed Oil

The physiocochemical properties of Jatropha curcas kernel oils were characterized as potential biodiesel, including oil yield per plant, seed oil content, kernel oil content, acid value, iodine value, saponification value and cetane number. Twenty-five accessions of Jatropha curcas were used for oil content measurement sranging from 21.14 to 40.66 %with a mean value of 32.85% and Kernels oil 48.59 to 60.45 % with a mean value of 56.28 %. The seed index ranged significantly from a seed weight of 45.45 to 64.45 g. Oil yields per plant ranged from 0.44 to 2.85 kg with a mean value of 1.70 kg per plant, respectively. To understand the properties of acid value, iodine value, saponification and cetane number, experimental physio-chemical studies were performed. Since these properties are critical for determining the current oil condition. The current study confirms that accession seeds performed higher than international saponification value, iodine value and cetane number standards may be an important source for meeting potential energy requirements.

Compositional characteristics of cherry kernel oil as influenced by gamma irradiation and storage periods

2020 ◽  
pp. 108201322095673
Author(s):  
M Al-Bachir ◽  
Y Koudsi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
And Storage

This research work was undertaken to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of oil from the cherry kernel non-irradiated and irradiated at 3 and 6 kGy of gamma irradiation for two storage periods (0 and 12 months). The acid value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value, iodine value, saponification value refractive index (peroxide value), and the color parameters of cherry kernel oils were determined. The results indicated that the extracted cherry kernel oils were liquid at room temperature with color varying from light yellow to deep red. The physicochemical properties of cherry kernel oils including acid value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, iodine value, saponification value, and refractive index values were 1.19 mg KOH g−1, 9.01 meq2 kg−1, 0.014 mg MDA kg−1, 99.48 KOH g−1 I2 100 g−1, 194.50 mg KOH g−1, and 1.472, respectively. Generally, gamma irradiation doses and storage time increased acid value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and refractive index value of cherry kernel oils, whereas no significant (p > 0.05) change due to irradiation was recorded in iodine value, saponification value, and in color parameter (L*, a*, b*, and ΔE values) of cherry kernel oils. However, the properties of cherry kernel oils revealed that the cherry kernel is a good source of oil which could be used for industrial purposes.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic Screening of Elaeis guineensis ( Aracaceae) Jacq. Oil and its Effect as an Antidote on Cyanide Poisoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Felix N. Osuala ◽  
Uchenna E. Odoh ◽  
Grace O. Muoneme ◽  
Sylvester C. Ohadoma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Oil Extract

Introduction: Elaeis guinenesis is a perennial monocot belonging to the family Arecaceae. It is the source of the oil commonly called African palm oil or macaw fat which in traditional medicine has many uses Aim: This study is focused on the pharmacognostic screening of oil of Elaeis guineensis, and its antidotal effect on cyanide poisoning. Method: The extracted oil was subjected to various screening technique in order to determine its quality, purity and chemical constituents. The oil was macroscopically examined; acute toxicity test of Elaeis guineensis oil was carried out on rats. The oil was subjected to heating to determine the moisture content. Phytochemical analysis was also carried out on the palm oil extract. The physicochemical analysis was carried to determine the acid value, saponification value, ester value, hydroxyl value and iodine value. The Ld50 for the pure cyanide was carried out on the rats using “Up and Down” method. The antidotal study of Elaeis guineensis oil was carried out on the rats. Result: Macroscopic evaluation showed, the oil was in fresh condition, smooth texture, bright red colour, characteristic taste, oily appearance and a characterictic smell. The Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponnins, alkaloids, steroids and terpenoids. The physicochemical analysis showed that the oil has an acid value of 31.2, Saponification value of 194.8, Ester value 163.54, Peroxide value of 18.0, Hydroxyl Percentage of 2.07% and Free Fatty Acid of 3.65. The moisture content was calculated to be 0.2%. For the acute toxicity test on the oil using Lorkes method no death was recorded. The LD50 of the cyanide carried out on the rats showed that the lethal dose of cyanide is 5 mg/kg. The antidotal effect of Elaeis guineensis oil showed the absence of death on the group given oil extract alone and the groups that were poisoned and given the oil (antidote) within 4 minutes. Deaths were recorded for the groups that were administered antidotes after 8 minutes. Conclusion: Elaeis guineensis oil has counteracting effect on cyanide poisoning if administered within four minutes of cyanide ingestion.  

scholarly journals Preparation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Hair Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1891-1901
Author(s):  
Mr. Ghodke shubham Gorakhnath
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

Abstract: The various products to enhance beauty and elegance to look young and charming. Cosmetics thus play a vital role in human life. Now a days, herbal cosmetic are widely used because of the Belief that they have fewer side effects and better safety. Hair is one of the primary parts of the body which Acts as a protective appendage. The objective of the present work is to develop a hair oil for general purpose (daily use) using various herbs. The formulated oil was evaluated for its organoleptic properties, acid value, Saponification value, refractive index, pH etc. All the parameters were found to be good and within the Standards. Keywords: hair, oil, herbs, cosmetics, formulation, evaluation

scholarly journals QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF CASSIA SIEBERIANA L.SEED OIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
A. A. Warra
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Oil was extracted from the seed of Cassia sieberiana Lusing soxhlet apparatus. The oil yield was 9.26±0.01% and the colour of the seed oil was dark yellow. The results of the physico-chemical analysis revealed the following; acid value, iodine value, saponification value, peroxide value, relative density and refractive index of 0.35±0.01 mgKOH/g , 135.60 ±0.10 gI2/100g, 235.62 ±0.01 mgKOH/g, 1.8 ±0.10meq H2O2 , 0.8185±0.00 (g/cm3) and 1.4415 ±5.77 respectively indicating the suitability of the seed oil for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

scholarly journals Effects of Extracting Solvents on the Physicochemical Properties of Alchornea cordiforlia, Hura crepitans, Irvingia gabonensis and Pycnanthus angollensis Oils

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Michael Akomaye Akpe ◽  
Faith Patrick Inezi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Saponification Value

Aims and Objectives: To determine the effect of extracting solvents on the physicochemical properties of oils extracted from four locally available plant seeds in Nigeria namely: Alchornea cordiforlia, Hura crepitans, Irvingia gabonensis and Pycnanthus angollensis using three different solvents namely; n-Hexane, Petroleum ether and Dichloromethane. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry Laboratory, University of Calabar, Nigeria. The study was carried out between August 2019 and December 2019, (5 months). Methodology: Each plant seed was ground into a paste and extracted for its oil using a Soxhlet extractor and three different solvents namely; n-Hexane, Petroleum ether and Dichloromethane. The physicochemical properties of the oils were then analysed. Results: The results revealed the mean values of the physicochemical properties of A. cordifolia oil extracted using Hexane, Petroleum ether and Dichloromethane respectively were % yield (36.50, 34.50 and 32.00), specific gravity (0.91, 0.91 and 0.92), flash point (156.00, 155.00 and 191.00°C), Acid value (23.76, 25.10 and 26.80 mEqk-1), % free fatty acid (11.88, 12.55 and 13.40), Peroxide value (6.56, 6.38 and 6.90 mEqK-1), Saponification value (163.20, 156.40 and 165.50 mgKOHg-1) and iodine value (25.40, 48.60 and 46.50 g/100 g). The mean values of the properties of H. crepitans oil across the 3 solvents respectively were % yield (32.20, 31.50 and 29.00), specific gravity (0.92, 0.93 and 0.94), flash point (271.00, 259.00 and 240.00°C), Acid value (21.00, 21.80 and 22.20 mEqk-1), % free fatty acid (10.50, 10.90 and 11.10), Peroxide value (5.85, 6.26 and 7.10 mEqK-1), Saponification value (172.50, 190.40 and 185.60 mgKOHg-1) and Iodine value (43.60, 34.50 and 26.90 g/100 g). Properties of the I. gabonensis oil were % yield (33.20, 34.00 and 32.50), Specific gravity (0.92, 0.94 and 0.94), flash point (230.00, 236.00 and 260.00°C), Acid value (3.72, 3.70 and 3.90 mEqk-1), % free fatty acid (1.86, 1.85 and 1.95), Peroxide value (2.98, 4.26 and 3.63), Saponification value (239.50, 252.40 and 245.80) and Iodine value (25.30, 11.70 and 44.20). Mean values of P. angollensis oil properties were % yield (34.10, 36.20 and 33.00), Specific gravity (0.92, 0.92 and 0.93), flash point (260.00, 258.00 and 256.00°C), Acid value (23.68, 25.00 and 26.00 mEqk-1), % free fatty acid (11.84, 12.50 and 13.00), Peroxide value (4.25, 5.30 and 5.96), Saponification value (25.30, 52.50 and 57.30) and Iodine value (25.20, 11.68 and 44.40). The odour, colour and physical state of all the oils at room temperature was the same across the 3 solvents. Conclusion: The results indicate that the physicochemical properties of the oils vary with the extracting solvent and its polarity. Their properties revealed that some of them can be used for many domestic and industrial purposes especially for the making of paints, soap, cosmetics, lubricants and varnishes.

scholarly journals A physico-chemical study for some edible oils properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anişoara-Arleziana Neagu ◽  
Irina Niţa ◽  
Elisabeta Botez ◽  
Sibel Geaca
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Oil Density

AbstractIn the present paper we have experimentally determined the density, saponification value, iodine value, acid value, peroxide value for four different edible oils: sunflower oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil and peanut oil. Density was determined in the temperature range of 20 °C - 50 °C, with a 10 degree step increase. The physicochemical properties of the investigated oils were within the requirements of food domain: saponification value varied from 164.84 to 206.45 mg KOH/g, peroxide value varied from 9.99 to 24.49 mEg O2/kg of sample, acid value varied from 0.22 to 3.97 mg KOH/g, iodine value varied from 94.35 to 102.02 g I2/100 g sample, and density varied from 0.9031 to 0.9208 g/cm3. Based on experimental data, density were correlated with others properties of edible oils. An empirical model was proposed to correlate oil density with iodine value and temperature. The results of the proposed model were compared with a model from literature. The accuracy of the proposed model was very good, the AAD varying in the range of 0.078 % to 0.092 %. The proposed model can be recommended for density of vegetable oils evaluation based on their IV, at different temperatures in the range of 20 °C to 50°C.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Trace Metals Characterization of Edible Vegetable Oils

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
V. O. E. Akpambang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Iron Manganese

Edible vegetable oil samples purchased in Akure, Nigeria, were subjected to physicochemical properties and trace metals analysis. The physiochemical parameters such as acid value, iodine value and saponification value were carried out by standard methods and the levels of the trace metals (copper, zinc, iron, manganese, cadmium, nickel, lead and chromium) were determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method after wet digestion. The range of mean values obtained for the physicochemical parameters of the oils:  acid value (3.59 - 9.65 mg KOH/g); iodine value (32.99 - 75.04 g I2/100g); and saponification value (187 – 207 mg/KOH/g), were within acceptable values for edible oils. The trace metals in the samples were in the range of values (mg/kg):0.10 - 0.60 (Cu); 0.07 - 2.49 (Zn); 0.13 - 0.55 (Fe); 0.01 - 0.48 (Mn); 0.01 - 0.09 (Cd); 0.01 - 0.08 (Ni); 0.07 - 0.26 (Pb); and 0.01 - 0.07(Cr). The concentration of trace metals such as Pb and Cd in the edible oils were beyond established permissible levels.

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