scholarly journals Inventar uma Sunnah: o Estado Islâmico, salafismo e inovação

Afro-Ásia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilvan Figueiredo Gomes ◽  
Gilvana De Fátima Figueiredo Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Recruitment Strategy ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Cultural Mobility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Media Interventions ◽  
Cultural Dynamic

<p>A pesquisa toma como objeto de análise a relação entre os grupos salafistas e as dinâmicas culturais que lhe são contemporâneas. Especificamente, avalia-se o Estado Islâmico, grupo salafista-jihadista que emergiu como protagonista de debates políticos e religiosos a partir de 2014. Com base nos recursos teóricos e metodológicos dos estudos culturais, as intervenções midiáticas do grupo são interpretadas como indícios de hibridização entre posicionamentos tradicionais e suportes modernos. Sinais de criatividade e de mobilidade cultural, as condutas do grupo foram importante estratégia de recrutamento. A competência da organização em operar essas duas estruturas fez do Estado Islâmico o grupo jihadista mais bem-sucedido da segunda década do século XXI.</p><p>Inventing a Sunnah: the Islamic State, Salafism and Innovation</p><p>This study analyzes the relationship between different Salafi groups and the contemporary cultural dynamic surrounding them. Specifically, the paper assesses the role of the Islamic State,a Salafi-jihadi group that emerged in 2014 as a leader in political and religious debates. Utilizing the theoretical and methodological resources of cultural studies, the paper analyzes the group’s media interventions, viewing them as evidence of hybridization between traditional positions and modern supports. Signalling creativity and cultural mobility, the group’s conduct was an important recruitment strategy. The organization’s competence in operating these two structures has made Islamic State the most successful jihadi group of the second decade of the 21st century.</p><p>Islamic State | Hybridization | Salafism</p>

scholarly journals The Crisis of Japanese Identity in the 21st Century and Watsuji Tetsurō’s Ethics

Asian Studies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristýna VOJTÍŠKOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Contemporary Problem ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Japanese Identity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

 According to some thinkers, in the 21st century, the Japanese society is facing a crisis of values. The postmodern approach to the individual and society may be one of the causes of this problem. In this point of view, an inadequate grasp of the relationship between the individual and the society seems to play an important role. The problem of this relationship was elaborated by the early 20th century philosopher Watsuji Tetsurō who endeavoured to re-define the role of an individual in the society. This paper attempts to examine the contemporary problem of Japanese identity from the perspective of Watsuji’s conception of interpersonal relationships. 

The Role of Executive Function and Self-Regulation in the Development of Computational Thinking

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-83
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kazakoff Myers
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Early Childhood Curriculum ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter summarizes theoretical connections between computational thinking through learning to code, self-regulation, and executive function and discusses why it is important to continue exploring the intersection of executive function, self-regulation, and computational thinking, including the need to revisit the socio-cultural underpinnings of foundational self-regulation, executive function, and school readiness research. As an example, findings from a 2014 study that explored the relationship between self-regulation and computational thinking when learning to code are shared. Research supports the idea of teaching computational thinking skills within an integrated early childhood curriculum to support the development of well-prepared citizens for the 21st century by drawing on the connections between executive function, self-regulation, and computational thinking.

Crowdsourcing Terrorism: Utopia, Martyrdom and Citizenship Reimagined

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-352
Author(s):  
Jennifer Yang Hui
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Individual Contribution ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Relationship

The role of social media in aiding terrorist attacks worldwide has been widely discussed among counterterrorism officials and academics. Since 2014, the idea of ‘crowdsourced terrorism’, whereby the Islamic State (IS) outsourced the conduct of attacks to their followers and attempted to attract them to Syria, has been popularly used by Western policymakers. This article critically examines the phenomenon of crowdsourcing and the IS’s online appeal in the case of Indonesia. The participant–curator crowdsourcing model outlined by Laurie Philips and Daren Brabham explains the online appeal of the IS, with social media facilitating the IS’s establishment of the relationship with Internet users in faraway countries such as Indonesia and allowing them to participate in the making of the IS brand. Participatory culture therefore encourages an e-supporter’s faith in the importance of their individual contribution and social connection that transcend offline realities in areas such as citizenship. IS opinion leaders work alongside online supporters to craft the meaning of martyrdom and imagination of citizenship through social media posts about life in the Caliphate. The land of Syria is imagined simultaneously as paradise for those who take their faith seriously as well as the venue for the Islamic equivalent of Armageddon. Hijrah (jihad by emigration) to Syria and martyrdom are represented as obligatory in the quest for equalization of power and freedom from slavery of those who are against the establishment of the Caliphate. Crowdsourced imaginations of the IS have had implications in several areas of policymaking. The article will discuss the implications of online imaginaries on IS’s approaches to militancy in its operations, Indonesian decision makers’ debate to revoke the citizenship of those who had travelled to IS and for the Indonesian military in its quest for expansion of their role in counterterror operations.

scholarly journals PUBLIC RELATIONS IN LATVIA AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY: SUPPORTING FUNCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION’S MANAGEMENT AND / OR MARKETING

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Inga Pūre
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Supporting Function ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
Limited Length ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Public Relations (PR) in Latvia is a new cross - disciplinary branch, the beginning of which dates back to the gaining of independence. It has rapidly developed during the last twenty years. The interpretation of Public Relations though is still problematic. A lot of heads of establishments do not realize the importance of Public Relations in the development of enterprises. They do not see the difference between Public Relations and marketing. Public Relations is often viewed as a marketing supporting function. The aim of the article is to show the role of Public Relations as one of the essential management functions, explain and analyse the relationship between Public Relations and marketing, as well as to find the reason for the scarcity of the insight into what Public Relations is and offer the solution to the problem in regard to the situation in Latvia. The article offers analysis of the facts obtained from 25 detailed interviews with leading Public Relations practitioners and theoreticians as well as the analysis of the theoretical literature and other sources. All interviews could not be viewed in the article because of its limited length.

scholarly journals Biología y guerra: una perspectiva pragmática

2019 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Anna Estany Profitós
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

An approach to the philosophy of biology in the 21st century requires going beyond its epistemological side, betting on pragmatic aspects, in the sense of the social impact of the instrumentalization of biological developments. These advances have both beneficial and harmful consequences for humanity. Among the latter, it is its use for military conflicts, as a result of advances in biotechnology. The objective of this work is to address the role of biological knowledge in wars, analyzing some especially relevant cases such as bioterrorism, but also other types of conflicts in which biology, broadly understood with its different branches, plays an important role. First, I will introduce the most important concepts in the relationship between biology and war, taking into account historical precedents in this area. Secondly, since biology enters in military conflicts, I will address the case of bioterrorism as one of the most pressing problems in that it is one of the forms that war is currently taking, as well as one of its derivatives, “agroterrorism”, which consists in causing the destruction of crops or the death of livestock that feeds the population. In this regard, I will examine other ways of resolving conflicts in which biological factors play an important role in establishing dominance between two or more nations or populations facing each other, paying special attention to agriculture and livestock. Regarding the possible theoretical models to analyze these conflicts, I will focus on the relationship between pure, applied science and technology, the methodological models of design sciences and ethical and moral reflection.

scholarly journals Japanology as ‘Encompassing philology’ and its prospects for the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Jiri Matela
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
Genre Classification ◽  
Japanese Studies

The recent development of the academic field of Japanese studies towards interdisciplinary cultural studies paradigm has been causing certain downfalls of traditional philological orientations within this area of scholarship. The aim of the present paper is to reflect on the tradition of Prague school’s functional-structuralist approach to language and text and present its application on contemporary Japanese studies programs. The functional-structuralist approach presented in the paper is based on the unified dichotomy of system (of signs) and texts (as sign formations), the latter being defined by the features of genre classification, situational binding and discourse tradition. The framework of ‘Encompassing philology’ applied to the field of Japanese studies aspires to fulfill the basic needs of a modern interdisciplinary orientation and at the same time strengthen the role of the Japanese language beyond the “tool for communication”.

Media Technologies in Communication and Critical Cultural Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ned O'Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Media technologies are at the heart of media studies in communication and critical cultural studies. They have been studied in too many ways to count and from a wide variety of perspectives. Yet fundamental questions about media technologies—their nature, their scope, their power, and their place within larger social, historical, and cultural processes—are often approached by communication and critical cultural scholars only indirectly. A survey of 20th- and 21st-century approaches to media technologies shows communication and critical cultural scholars working from, for, or against “deterministic” accounts of the relationship between media technologies and social life through “social constructivist” understandings to “networked” accounts where media technologies are seen embedding and embedded within socio-material structures, practices, and processes. Recent work on algorithms, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and platforms, together with their manifestations in the products and services of monopolistic corporations like Facebook and Google, has led to new concerns about the totalizing power of digital media over culture and society.

scholarly journals Studying development in the 21st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-356
Author(s):  
Michael S. C. Thomas ◽  
Gert Westermann ◽  
Denis Mareschal ◽  
Mark H. Johnson ◽  
Sylvain Sirois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Future Study ◽  
First Century ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this response, we consider four main issues arising from the commentaries to the target article. These include further details of the theory of interactive specialization, the relationship between neuroconstructivism and selectionism, the implications of neuroconstructivism for the notion of representation, and the role of genetics in theories of development. We conclude by stressing the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in the future study of cognitive development and by identifying the directions in which neuroconstructivism can expand in the Twenty-first Century.

scholarly journals Green Consumerism: Catalyst for Environmental Marketing

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabir Chandra Padhy ◽  
Ashiss Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Purchasing Decision ◽  
Green Consumerism ◽  
Environmental Marketing ◽  
The Relationship

In 21st century race towards industrialization is fast & furious. Due to the Industrial movements natural environment is heavily influenced. Environmental marketing is one best possible way to protect the environment. Both the organizations & consumers have changed their mind to address this issue. Green consumerism has taken the role of catalyst for environmental marketing. Aim of this paper to analyze the consumer behavior towards environmental marketing.  This article also establishes the relationship between consumer behavior and purchasing decision of the customer on the green marketing ground. This research paper highlights the cause behind environmental marketing along with the initiative taken by the industries to promote environmental marketing.

8. Religion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between religion and politics. It first defines the concept of religion before discussing its contemporary political and social salience in many developing countries. It then considers how religion interacts with politics and with the state in the developing world, as well as how religion is involved in democratization in the developing world by focusing on the Arab Spring and its aftermath. It also examines the differing impacts of the so-called Islamic State and Pope Francis on the relationship between religion and politics in the developing world. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the role of religion in international politics after 9/11.

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