Children’s University: How Does It Make a Difference?

Last five decades have witnessed the comprehensive growth of science education around the world as the science is regarded as the major tenets of innovation and economic growth. Various extant studies on science education have concentrate on how to deliver and put the science in both curriculum and classrooms. However, there are rarely researches on the evaluation of the science curriculum and its impact on the scientific skills. Likewise, despite the science curricula being implemented from the 2009 onward in Ankara Children’s University, they have not yet been evaluated so far. This is the why it is essential for the evaluation of them due to the changes in the national science curricula and technological developments. This study aims at evaluating to update, change, or reform the science curricula in terms of learning objectives, content, learning activities, and the evaluation. Utilizing the mixed method, the study group was composed of 1,218 participating children and nine science educators. Program evaluation and semi-structured interview forms were developed to collect the data. Then, the QUAN&QUAL data were analyzed by the programs. The findings are as the followings: the curricula meet the expectations of children and help them to learn something new and to develop the skills to use in daily lives. Moreover, the top three things mostly liked are the play-based activities, learning something new and learning further about animals. Science educators have mentioned that children’s sense of curiosity, their active participation, and questions throughout the enactment of the science curricula made them happy.

The Globalization of Science: The Increasing Power of Individual Scientists

National science systems have become embedded in global science and countries do everything they can to harness global knowledge to national economic needs. However, accessing and using the riches of global knowledge can occur only through scientists. Consequently, the research power of nations relies on the research power of individual scientists. Their capacity to collaborate internationally and to tap into the global networked science is key. The constantly evolving, bottom-up, autonomous, self-regulating, and self-focused nature of global science requires deeper understanding; and the best way to understand its dynamics is to understand what drives academic scientists in their work. We are particularly interested in the contrast between global science as a largely privately governed and normatively self-regulating institution and global science as a contributor to global collective public goods. The idea that science remains a state-driven rather than curiosity-driven is difficult to sustain. In empirical terms, we describe the globalization of science using selected publication, collaboration, and citation data from 2000-2020. The globalization of science implies two different processes in two different system types: the growth of science in the Western world is almost entirely attributable to internationally co-authored publications; its growth in the developing world, in contrast, is driven by both internationally co-authored and domestic publications. Global network science opens incredible opportunities to new arrivals—countries as well as institutions and research teams. The global system is embedded in the rules created by scientists themselves and maintained as a self-organizing system and nation-states have another major level to consider in their science policies: the global level. Globalization of science provides more agency, autonomy, collegiality, and self-regulation to scientists embedded in national science structures and involved in global networks.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIVALENCE OF THE ORIGINAL AND THE TRANSLATION AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CONTENT. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF APPLIED SCIENCES JOURNAL WORLD ISSN 2733-3817, (1(17), 67–69.

In the modern world, the rapid growth of science and technology has caused a huge need for information exchange. There was a need to create a theoretical model of the translation process. Translation problems attracted the attention of linguists, and the study of translation began to take shape as a special linguistic discipline. The requirements for translation accuracy have significantly increased. The translation was supposed to ensure the accurate transmission of information in all details. Without allowing at the same time violations of the norms of the translation language. A strictly scientific analysis of the semantic functions of comparable forms of languages involved in the translation process was required. It was necessary to find out what the linguistic essence of this process is, to what extent it is determined by linguistic factors proper, to what extent such factors limit the accuracy of information transmission.

Growth rates of modern science: a latent piecewise growth curve approach to model publication numbers from established and new literature databases

Growth of science is a prevalent issue in science of science studies. In recent years, two new bibliographic databases have been introduced, which can be used to study growth processes in science from centuries back: Dimensions from Digital Science and Microsoft Academic. In this study, we used publication data from these new databases and added publication data from two established databases (Web of Science from Clarivate Analytics and Scopus from Elsevier) to investigate scientific growth processes from the beginning of the modern science system until today. We estimated regression models that included simultaneously the publication counts from the four databases. The results of the unrestricted growth of science calculations show that the overall growth rate amounts to 4.10% with a doubling time of 17.3 years. As the comparison of various segmented regression models in the current study revealed, models with four or five segments fit the publication data best. We demonstrated that these segments with different growth rates can be interpreted very well, since they are related to either phases of economic (e.g., industrialization) and/or political developments (e.g., Second World War). In this study, we additionally analyzed scientific growth in two broad fields (Physical and Technical Sciences as well as Life Sciences) and the relationship of scientific and economic growth in UK. The comparison between the two fields revealed only slight differences. The comparison of the British economic and scientific growth rates showed that the economic growth rate is slightly lower than the scientific growth rate.

Use of Clean Energy and Reduction of Environmental Pollution in Developing Countries

In recent years, the growth of science and technologyhas changed the use of various methods of energy thatwere common in the pre-industrial revolution, and theknowledge of clean energy sources has created a greatchange in industrial development and human social evolution.The strong dependence of developing countries onenergy resources, especially fossil fuels, and their excessiveuse and consumption will quickly deplete the manyresources that have accumulated underground overthe centuries. Burning all the fossil fuels in the world isequivalent to four days of solar radiation energy on theearth, and in this sense, the solar energy is a high importantsource of clean energy. Due to the fact that fossil fuelresources are consumed very quickly, these resourceswill be depleted in a short time. The current generationhas a duty to turn to endless sources of energy and expandtheir knowledge to exploit these energy sources.

The Current State of the Art in Research on Predictive Maintenance in Smart Grid Distribution Network: Fault’s Types, Causes, and Prediction Methods—A Systematic Review

With the exponential growth of science, Internet of Things (IoT) innovation, and expanding significance in renewable energy, Smart Grid has become an advanced innovative thought universally as a solution for the power demand increase around the world. The smart grid is the most practical trend of effective transmission of present-day power assets. The paper aims to survey the present literature concerning predictive maintenance and different types of faults that could be detected within the smart grid. Four databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science) were searched between 2012 and 2020. Sixty-five (n = 65) were chosen based on specified exclusion and inclusion criteria. Fifty-seven percent (n = 37/65) of the studies analyzed the issues from predictive maintenance perspectives, while about 18% (n = 12/65) focused on factors-related review studies on the smart grid and about 15% (n = 10/65) focused on factors related to the experimental study. The remaining 9% (n = 6/65) concentrated on fields related to the challenges and benefits of the study. The significance of predictive maintenance has been developing over time in connection with Industry 4.0 revolution. The paper’s fundamental commitment is the outline and overview of faults in the smart grid such as fault location and detection. Therefore, advanced methods of applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques can enhance and improve the reliability and resilience of smart grid systems. For future direction, we aim to supply a deep understanding of Smart meters to detect or monitor faults in the smart grid as it is the primary IoT sensor in an AMI.

Analysis on the Application Prospect of Virtual Reality Technology and Material in Physical Education

With the update and growth of science and technology, educational concepts continue to innovate. In the sports field, the use of Virtual Reality (VR) technology is undoubtedly a brand new training experience. The use of VR technology in the physical education (PE) classroom has promoted the growth of PE and also allowed students to master physical skills more comprehensively through high technology. The purpose of this article is to understand VR technology, study the mterial of VR, improve the shortcomings of traditional PE through VR technology, and analyze the application prospects of VR technology in PE. This article mainly adopts the interview method, sample survey method and case analysis method to sample a survey of 120 students in three grades of a middle school to conduct questionnaire surveys and field visits to understand the students’ knowledge of VR technology and the use of VR technology. We also can know the views of the PE for students. Through this series of investigations, the prospects of VR technology being applied to PE are analyzed. Experimental research results show that the most supported PE activity for VR technology at this stage is situational setting, and 35% of students hope that VR technology will be prominent in the context of the picture. The application of VR technology in physical education will undoubtedly bring a different experience to school sports activities. However, due to the lack of funds and professionals, it is difficult to carry out VR technology in teaching activities. So we can start from the context setting and use economical means to pave the way for physical education.

The Bibliometric Literature on Scopus and WoS: The Medicine and Environmental Sciences Categories as Case of Study

In a broad sense, science can be understood as the knowledge contained in scientific manuscripts published in scientific journals. Scientific databases index only those journals that reach certain quality standards. Therefore, research and dissemination of scientific knowledge are essential activities for the growth of science itself. The aim of this manuscript is to assess the situation of medicine and environmental sciences among the bibliometric literature and to put it in perspective with the overall bibliometric publications in all scientific fields. The main countries publishing bibliometric manuscripts are China, USA and Spain. The latter country is ranked three out of the top five institutions according to the Scopus and WoS databases. In both databases, the average scientific collaboration of the top 20 institutions offers the same result, 41%. According to Scopus, the main subject categories in which this research falls are social sciences (38%), computer science (26%) and medicine (23%), while the environmental sciences category has 8%. In the analysis of the Medicine category alone, it has been observed that 136 countries have contributions in this field. The main countries are the United States, China and the United Kingdom. In the field of medicine, the main areas studied were: Epidemiology, Pediatrics, Orthopedics, Cardiology, Neurosurgery, Radiology, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Plastic Surgery and Psychiatry. With respect to environmental sciences, less international dissemination has been found, with only 83 countries having worked in this field. The main ones are China, Spain and the United States. Regarding the top 10 institutions, it can be stated that only Spain and China are relevant. Spain focuses on sustainability and China on the environment. The result of an independent keyword analysis of all published bibliometric manuscripts has shown that the main clusters are: Mapping Science (29%), Research Productivity (23%), Medicine (20%), Environmental Sciences (12%), Psychology (7%), Nursing (6%) and Engineering (4%). In short, medicine and environmental sciences are the most relevant areas in the field of bibliometrics after social sciences and computer sciences.

Growth of science in activated sludge modelling – a critical bibliometric review

In this paper, the tool of bibliometric analysis is applied to the field of activated sludge modelling and its suitability as a first step of a literature analysis is assessed. The analysis is applied to the total dataset considered as well as a time-based classification. It can be shown that this tool is very well suited to filtering the relevant authors and publications, thus enabling a subsequent visual review. The methodology presented can also be applied to sub-disciplines or other subject areas. However, the sole use of the multiple statistical and visual tools is critically questioned. Thus, misinterpretations and apparent findings can result from structural problems in the data or parameters used. Not all of the metrics used are suitable for finding relevant publications, but rather for ranking the criteria studied. However, the latter represents the most widespread application of bibliometrics. From the analysis of the keywords, it could be deduced that there has been a temporal shift from fundamental model aspects to detailed questions such as the integration of sorption and adsorption processes or anaerobic digestion. The modelling of biological phosphorus removal has also surprisingly lost a great amount of importance in the scientific literature.