Design and Development of an Instructional Program for Teaching Programming Processes to Gifted Students Using Scratch

This chapter examines practical applications of an educational program designed to teach Turkish gifted second, third, and fourth grade students programming using Scratch, an online programming website (https://scratch.mit.edu). This qualitative research study was conducted with gifted identified students in an elementary school in Ankara's Altındağ district. Qualitative data collection methods were used. The study found program strengths included practical orientation, student independence, student free expression, computer literacy, and interdisciplinary connections. Additionally, providing a variety of tools and equipment, using Scratch, having a course web site, and on-line resource sharing were also seen as strengths by the participants. Perceived weaknesses were technical difficulties, the limited number of course hours, some of Scratch's negative features, inadequate help at particular points, and negative situations caused by gender and grade level differences. Results indicate preliminary knowledge of participant computer literacy as important to programming success.

Efficacy of Paraeducators Facilitating Peer Support Arrangements for Elementary Students With Multiple Disabilities

Previous findings demonstrate peer support arrangements improve academic and social outcomes for secondary students with severe disabilities, but further research is needed to determine (a) the degree to which this practice would benefit younger students, (b) the impact on student independence, and (c) how teachers can best support paraeducator implementation. In this multiple-probe-across-participants design study, a teacher trained five paraeducators to facilitate peer support arrangements with four elementary students with multiple disabilities who were eligible for alternate assessment. We identified functional relations between teacher training and paraeducator implementation and between peer support arrangements and peer interactions. Interactions increased to levels similar to those of peers without disabilities. Students decreased their reliance on paraeducators for classroom routines when peers provided support. These findings show that the effectiveness of peer support arrangements extends to elementary students with multiple disabilities and replicate initial evidence for a promising model of teacher-implemented training for paraeducators.

ANALISIS PENGAJARAN GURU UNTUK PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MANDIRI SISWA KELAS V SDN 2 SIDOREKSO

The purpose of this study is to describe a good way to plan the character of students' independence to strengthen the character education of fifth graders at SDN 02 Sidorekso, Kudus Regency. The research method used in this research is qualitative with qualitative descriptive data analysis. Collecting data in this study by observation, interviews, and documentation. The result of this research is that the teacher plans to strengthen independent character by planning routine activities and integrating the subjects listed in the lesson plans. The teacher's way of organizing in carrying out student independence is by organizing it according to what has been planned based on the learning objectives. Meanwhile, the supervision carried out by the teacher for the independence of students is by supervising during learning and evaluating after learning.AbstrakTujuan Penelitian ini yaitu pertama, untuk mendekripsikan cara yang baik untuk melakukan perencanaan karakter kemandirian siswa untuk pengokohan pendidikan karakter siswa kelas V SDN 02 Sidorekso Kabupaten Kudus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif dengan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu guru melakukan perencanaan pengokohan karakter mandiri dengan merencanakan kegiatan rutin dan pengintegrasian mata pelajaran yang tercantum dalam RPP. Cara guru dalam pengorganisasian dalam menjalankan kemandirian siswa yaitu dengan mengoorganisasikannya sesuai dengan apa yang telah direncanakan dengan berpedoman tujuan pembelajaran. Sedangkan pengawasan yang dilakukan guru untuk kemandirian siswa yaitu dengan melakukan pengawasan saat berlangsungnya pembelajaran dan melakukan evaluasi detelah pembelajarannya.

Consideration of approaches to forming a team when preparing students to participate in competitive events

The competitiveness of a modern university graduate is determined by his professional knowledge and skills, personal qualities, as well as the ability to make decisions, plan and organize work, and fulfill his role in team activities. Formation of the student’s ability to fulfill his role in a team is a general requirement for the training of a specialist in any field. The process of preparing university students for competitive events has great potential for the development of teamwork competencies. The aim of the study was to consider the specifics of preparing students for competitive events in the aspect of the approach of uniting students into teams. The peculiarities of preparing students for competitive programming in case of role-based and interpersonal methods of team formation were considered. The study used methods of observation, interviewing and questioning. The results of the study showed that the rolebased approach is more conducive to the development of student independence, the ability to make decisions, be responsible for the consequences of decisions, while the interpersonal approach allows to create conditions for the formation of team members’ ability to respond flexibly to changing circumstances. Thus, we can conclude about the various didactic possibilities of using role-based and interpersonal approaches to team building, about the need to use different methods for determining the composition of team members to solve educational problems in the learning process.

Problem-Based Learning Model in Classroom Management with Scaffolding Techniques on Learning Outcomes and Student Independence

There are still many students who get scores below the average. It is because students have difficulty in learning. This study examines the effect of problem-based learning models with scaffolding techniques, the effect of independent learning on student learning outcomes, and the level of differences in learning outcomes between students who apply problem-based learning models and problem-based learning models with scaffolding techniques rather than conventional learning models. This study uses a quantitative research type with a quasi-experimental design with a 3 x 3 factorial design, using a Nonequevalent control group design (pretest-posttest). The sample in this study amounted to 77 students. The study was conducted using quantitative data obtained from questionnaires and surveys. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The techniques used to analyze the data are qualitative descriptive analysis, quantitative, and inferential statistics. The study results are significant differences between the Problem Based Learning learning model with the Scaffolding technique with the conventional learning model of student independence in learning, and student learning outcomes are dominant in the application of problem-based learning. It can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning model with the Scaffolding technique obtains the best learning outcomes when compared to other learning models.

The problem of forming the foundations of the professional activity of a preschool teacher at a university

The article is dedicated to the problem of the interdependence of the formation of competences between students and components of professional activity. The basic concepts of professional activity are analyzed in the psychological and pedagogical literature, its structure conformed by prognostic, design, constructive, organizational, communicative and reflective components is presented. The professional activity of a preschool teacher is analyzed in greater detail, which has specificities in terms of goal setting, motivation, from the point of view of implementation methods and technologies. An empirical study of the formation of the foundations of the professional activity of a preschool teacher was carried out according to the characteristics of a natural experiment. The content stages of the quasi-professional activity of the students are revealed (modeling of pedagogical situations, pedagogical tests of different levels of student independence). In the processing of analyzing the process of training pedagogical competencies, developing components of the structure of the professional activity of a teacher are simultaneously identified.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Value Clarification Technique terhadap Nilai Kemandirian Siswa Kelas IV

<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aims to analyzed and described changes in value independence of fourth grade students who learn through value clarification technique<em> </em>and the students who learn conventional teaching. This quantitative research was conducted at SD Negeri Tanjungrejo 2 in Malang city with 81 students population. The number of samples in this research was 41 students for experiment group and 40 students for control group. The sample technique in this research was simple random sampling. The study used independent questionnaires to collect the data. The results of this study indicate the significant value of t-test 0.000, this indicate that there was a significant effect value clarification technique to value student independence.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan perubahan nilai kemandirian siswa kelas IV yang belajar menggunakan <em>value clarification technique</em> dan siswa yang belajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian kuantitatif ini dilakukan di SD Negeri Tanjungrejo 2 di Kota Malang dengan 81 populasi siswa. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 41 siswa pada kelas eksperimen dan 40 siswa pada kelas kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah <em>simple random sampling</em>. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket kemandirian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai signifikansi uji-t adalah 0.000. Hal ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh signifikan <em>value clarification technique</em> terhadap nilai kemandirian siswa.

IMPLEMENTASI FLIPPED CLASSROOM BERNUANSA ETNOMATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIKA

This research implementation a flipped classroom with ethnomathematics nuances in online learning for geometry and measurement courses to investigate its effect on increasing student independence and mathematical literacy skills. Face-to-face flipped classroom sessions with an ethnomathematical nuance are carried out online through zoom meetings and out-of-class sessions using an LMS in the form of Elena (Unnes elearning). This type of research is an experimental study using 35 samples of geometry and measurement class students selected by purposive random sampling technique in the Department of PGSD UNNES. The research instrument used a written test to measure mathematical literacy skills and a questionnaire to measure learning independence. The statistical tests in this research were the two-sample t-test, paired t-test, and gain test. The results showed an increase in learning independence and students' mathematical literacy skills by implementing an ethnomathematical flipped classroom with Elena's support for online learning of geometry and measurement.

Developing Entrepreneurial Interest and Student Independence through Project-Based Entrepreneurship Learning

The purpose of this study was to determine (1) How the contribution of project-based entrepreneurship learning; (2) What is the student's entrepreneurial interest; (3) How independent are students; (4) How does project-based entrepreneurship learning affect students' entrepreneurial interest and independence. The method in this research is quantitative survey. According to the results of the study, the t-count value is 5.517 and the t-table number is 2.002, so that t-count> t-table, which means that there is a significant influence between Project-Based Learning on Entrepreneurial Interest, while the magnitude of the influence is obtained a coefficient value of 0.669 for the effect of learning. project based on entrepreneurial interest. Meanwhile, for the effect of entrepreneurship learning on student independence, the t-count is 5.993 and the t-table number is 2.002, so that t-count> t-table. This means that there is a significant influence between project-based learning on independence. There is also a coefficient value of 0.696, which means that when there is an increase in project-based learning, it will increase Independence by 0.696. Meanwhile, the correlation coefficient value is 0.618 and the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.382. This means that there is an influence between the Project-Based Learning variable on Independence of 38.2% while the remaining 61.8% is influenced by other variables that the researchers did not involve in this study.