Influence of Sports Games on Coordination Abilities of Adolescents as a Component of Physical Development: Neuropsychological Features

The article reveals perspectives on sports games aimed at physical development and development of coordination skills of adolescents. Physical exercise has a positive effect on such psychological properties of students as memory, thinking, attention, speed and accuracy of reactions, logic, perception of motoric of one’s own body and the sense of external space. The basic statement of neuropsychology that the basic intelligence of a person being physical intelligence is revealed. Development of coordination skills is an important qualitative aspect of motor activity, reflecting the level of physical fitness. Purposeful formation of coordination abilities enables to solve a number of problems of physical, aesthetic and intellectual improvement of adolescent students. The use of sports games in the process of physical education promotes a favourable development of motor coordination, and thus helps increase the level of motor readiness of adolescents during sports activities, as well as provides the highest efficiency in the process of physical development.

Development of Lake Vesijärvi through four decades of remediation efforts

The diversion of sewage inputs in the mid-1970s led to an order of magnitude reduction in nutrient loading to Lake Vesijärvi, southern Finland. After the diversion, nutrient concentrations declined, consistent with a simple dilution model, and by the mid-1990s the chlorophyll concentration was reduced by 80%. The favourable development was supported by a 5-year mass removal of planktivorous and benthivorous fish and the stocking of predatory pikeperch (Sander lucioperca (L.)), although the exact mechanisms behind their effects remain obscure. Starting in 2010, oxygen-rich water from the top of the water column was pumped to the deepest parts of the lake, resulting in high deepwater oxygen concentration in winter. In summer, hypoxic or even anoxic conditions could not be avoided, but the duration of the anoxic period was markedly shortened. Because nitrate was never depleted, leaching of total nitrogen from the sediment was reduced and the same was also true for total phosphorus, but only in winter. The oxygenation stabilized deepwater nutrient concentrations to a low level, but this was not reflected in the epilimnetic total nutrient concentration or in a further decrease in the chlorophyll concentration.

The Least Developed Regions in the Slovak Republic – Problems and Solutions

Regional development is currently becoming one of the key determinants contributing to the activation of local actors of regional development with a view to contributing to national economic development. For this reason, it is not desirable for the overall favourable development of the Slovak economy to exist or to deepen the differences in the economic performance of regions. The starting point for establishing a targeted set of support and development instruments is an active state approach to identifying problem regions and identifying key areas where targeted financial or non-financial support can be directed. The aim of this paper is to assess their impact on mitigating the negative economic and social impacts, which have been typical for these regions for several decades.

Measures to Prevent and Combat Pear Scab (Venturia pirina) in the Climate Conditions of Lapusel

In this paper we studied the emergence and development of pear scab (Venturia pirina), as well as the combat methods, testing a couple of fungicides. The aim of the research has been to highlight the resistance, respectively the sensitivity of some pear varieties against the fungi attack, in order to make recommendations for the new plantations, as well as the testing of 7 fungicides, remarking the product with the highest biological effectiveness. The researches were conducted in the years 2013-2014 at the company SC Mecanochim Lapusel, Maramures County. The experiments were conducted on plots planted with the Olivier de Serres and Bergamotte Crassane varieties. The attack was calculated determining the attack frequency, intensity and degree. The linear-interrupted method was used, comprising 3 variants of 5 trees each. Analyzing the climate data, it has resulted that in 2013 scab had favourable development and attack conditions. The Olivier de Serres variety was noted for its resistance to fungus attack, with a frequency of 0.2-1.3% on fruits and insignificant frequency on leaves, for all 7 tested product variants. The Bergamotte Crassane variety was placed on the other end, with a higher frequency and intensity, both on fruits (2-3%) and on leaves (2.5-3.5%). The infections diminished in 2014 due to the unfavourable climatic conditions. Three products had better results, from the seven tested products, thus: Alcupral 50PU, Stroby DF and Chorus 50 WG.

Forgiveness and Components of I- concept Interconnection Regarding Adolescents Social Correction Groups

The aim of the research is to clarify the components of the I-concept of the personality that promote maturity to forgive the adolescents in social-correction groups. The research results statistically reveal a meaningful interconnection among forgiveness and the components of the personality I-concept, for instance, the interconnection between the scale of forgiveness and the pesonality’s associations with I-real components, i.e., the submission to peer pressure and dependency components are linked with the emotional responsiveness scale in accordance with the questionnaire about forgiveness; also, the personality concept about the I- ideal components which are friendship and dependency as well as the authoritarian components are linked with the emotional responsiveness scale according to the questionnaire about forgiveness. Assisting adolescents and youth psychologically, the possible assistance should be focused on revealing I-in the Eyes of the Others. The analysis of the results let us judge that the concept of I- ideal differs greatly from I- real; in such cases the individual experiences discomfort and dissatisfaction as well. In the research discrepancies turned up in the personality I-concept; also, I-Ideal content greatly differs from adolescents current, real opportunities which, in their own way, may hinder a personality favourable development as well as do not encourage the development of forgiveness.

Impact of native culture and religion on the Mari language

Mari is one of the endangered Finno-Ugric languages located in the territory of the Russian Federation. The danger of extinction of Mari is influenced by both objective and subjective factors. In the current paper, the issue under investigation is the impact of the Mari traditional religion and folk culture on language maintenance. Because of continuously reduced institutional support, the status of the Mari language has decreased significantly in the last 10 years. The favourable development of traditional culture has brought with it an increase in the number of native speaking people within the Mari El region (Russia). It is slightly observed in some spheres (social and cultural) and almost unnoticeable in others (political, economic). The mechanism of impact of Mari traditional religion and culture is characterized as psychological. It gives reason to believe that the chances for the preservation of the Mari language are reasonably good.Kokkuvõte. Elena Vedernikova: Rahvakultuuri ja -usundi mõju mari keelele. Mari keel on Vene Föderatsiooni ohustatud keeli. Mari keele väljasuremise ohtu mõjutavad nii objektiivsed kui ka subjektiivsed asjaolud. Käesolevas artiklis uuritakse mari rahvausundi ja rahvakultuuri mõju keele säilimisele. Institutsionaalse toetuse pideva vähenemise tõttu on mari keele staatus viimase kümne aasta jooksul tähelepanuväärselt langenud. Rahvakultuuri soodus areng on kaasa toonud emakeelekõnelejate arvu suurenemise Mari Eli piirkonnas (Venemaal). Soodus areng on vähesel määral märgata mõnes valdkonnas (sotsiaalia ja kultuur) ning peaaegu märkamatu teistes (poliitiline ja majanduslik). Mari rahvausundi ja rahvakultuuri toime- mehhanism on psühholoogiline. See annab põhjust uskuda, et mari keele säilitamise võimalused on üpris head.Märksõnad: keele säilitamine, kultuur, mari rahvausund

Assessment of the viability of embryos stored in liquid nitrogen produced commercially using culture medium as a complementary test for stereoscopic microscopy

SummaryThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the viability of frozen embryos obtained from various private farmers in a culture medium for 4 h. Forty-seven embryos were used that had been previously graded as good and fair. These embryos were evaluated using stereoscopic microscopy by experienced clinicians prior to freezing. Embryos were divided in two groups: the non-cultured group, made up of six good quality embryos, and five fair; and the cultured group that consisted of 20 good quality embryos and 16 fair. Fifty-four per cent of the good quality embryos achieved a favourable development during culture whereas just 42% of embryos determined to be fair were observed to have adequate development. This evaluation was undertaken by serial photographs obtained at the onset of culture and 4 h later. This finding was corroborated by a more specific technique: terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labelling–bromodeoxyuridine (TUNEL–BrdU). These results are indicative of the necessity of tight quality controls for commercially produced frozen embryos, as once thawed it is unlikely that clinicians will examine them to determine their physiological status prior to transfer.

Comparison of development tendencies of unemployment rate in CR regions

A high unemployment rate represents an endangering of favourable economic development of a given territory which invokes deterioration of the state of level of living of inhabitants living there. In the Czech Republic as a whole, the unemployment rate decreased in 2004–2007; there was a slight increase in 2008, and in 2009 the growth was more significant. If we evaluate the unemployment situation in regional point of view, the situation is very differentiated in particular regions and in some districts it even exceeds 10 % at present. Than, there is necessary to introduce such measures to be able to set right the unfavourable state because besides the generally worsened economic situation in a region it can happen that inhabitants of the region will migrate into areas with better job opportunities. It would subsequently lead to an economic and demographic fall of this-ways endangered areas. The paper deals with a statistical analysis of development tendencies of unemployment rate in particular CR regions. Its aim is to determine positions of regions from the given point of view, so a definition of region groups with favourable development and endangered regions.

Development of the natural increment of population in the south-eastern region of the Czech Republic according to regions and size groups of municipalities

The paper deals with the analysis of a population development in the south-eastern region of the CR with a view to natality, mortality and natural increment. The region of Vysočina shows markedly higher natality than the South-Moravian region. On the other hand, mortality is smaller in Vysočina. It affects the more favourable development of natural increment (in the present case decrease) in Vysočina. The greatest decrease shows the group of rural villages with the lowest number of inhabitants, a medium transitional group of municipalities shows markedly lower fall and towns show roughly an average level comparable with the natural decrease of the whole south-eastern region.