Entrepreneurial Knowledge on Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating of Perceived Desirability and Perceived Feasibility

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in the creation and growth of business as well as the growth and prosperity of the region and the country. The importance of entrepreneurship in job creation and economic development is recognized worldwide. This research is motivated by the low entrepreneurial intention of Vocational High School students which is also have an impact on unemployment. This study aims to determine and analyse the mediating effect of perceived desirability and perceived feasibility on the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial intention. The method used in study is an explanatory survey research with data collection techniques through a questionnaire and observation. The population of this study were students of PGRI Bandung Vocational High School class XI and XII academic year 2019/2020 as many as 305 students and sample of this research is 176 students. The results show that: 1) entrepreneurial knowledge has a significant effect on entrepreneurial Intention 2) perceived desirability mediates the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial intention 3) perceived feasibility mediates the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial intention.

The Bureaucracy Neutrality in Indonesian Politics

The politicization of the Indonesian bureaucracy in election is attracting great attention since it’s resulted in declining quality of democracy in this country. Although political change since 1998 has given greater strength to societal forces vis-à-vis the state, the fact is that the legacy of patronage network still exists. The politicization of the bureaucracy through the weakening of political parties and maintaining bureaucratic authoritarianism under the New Order government (1966-1998) was an important stimulus for this study. With the downfall of Soeharto’s New Order regime, the authoritarian nature of the bureaucratic system was not only exposed but also changed. These changes have put paid to questions about the involvement of political parties and the influence of societal forces in the formation of policy. The bureaucracy can no longer exist as it was in the New Order, and, in fact, has responded to societal needs by adjusting to the new political climate. In this context, Indonesian politics under the reformation era takes on a wider significance for one of the main results has been the emergence of bureaucratic pluralism – a more pluralistic political system that is more open to the influence of these societal forces. This study was conducted using literature review to understand theories and empirical experiences about the neutrality of the bureaucracy in both national elections and regional elections. This study showed that after 75 years of independence, Indonesia must continue to struggle to build a bureaucracy that is professional (effective and efficient) and politically neutral.

The Effect of Enterprise Characteristics and Self Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Decisions

Entrepreneurs are people who have a mental attitude and spirit who are always active, creative, innovative, inventive, initiative and trying to increase income by providing added value to society in their business activities. Young people have started to instill an entrepreneurial spirit since attending school by incorporating entrepreneurial lessons and practices in school. It is intended that after completing education in school, every student has the viewpoint of creating jobs that can support their needs and does not always have the view of working as an employee, both civil servants and private employees. The problem we are facing is that the unemployment rate is getting higher every day and generally after completing their education most of the students become unemployed because there are very few jobs and lack of costs to continue their education to a higher level. This study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial decisions among Madrasah Aliyah students. The independent variables of this study are entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy, while the dependent variable is entrepreneurial decisions. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. The population in this study were students of class XII Madrasah Aliyah. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 36 students. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis. The data used are primary data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial decisions.

Social Entrepreneurship Communication of Kampung Teknologi Foundation through the Digital Literation of MSMEs during COVID-19 Pandemic

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is significant for developing human resources in various villages in the current digital era. However, the implementation of ICT has experienced disruption due to the increasing spread of the COVID-19 virus, resulting in a decline in market mechanisms, especially in the Village MSME sector. Therefore, social innovation is needed by social entrepreneurs so that MSMEs can survive and compete with others, as has been done by the Kampung Teknologi Foundation (KTF) through digital literacy to MSMEs in villages. The method in this study used qualitative research using the Social Innovation Model. As a result, in social entrepreneurship communication, KTF carried out three essential stages, 1) Formalization: KTF used Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages as a basis for empowering MSMEs. KTF initiated the empowerment of MSMEs in villages by introducing digital sales using social media, market places, e-commerce, and other digital applications; 2) Change processes: KTF implemented digital sales by initiating the Digital Up program, which is an entrepreneur empowerment program and was implemented after five-year KTF contributes to digital literacy; 3) Social Outcomes: In the application of digital literacy, only 30% of MSMEs have successfully switched to using digital technology. Therefore, good cooperation between one division and another is still needed, such as implementing new programs. It can minimize program failures, and implementing digital literacy can succeed and on target.

Factors Affecting Value of Companies (Case Study of The Indonesian Pharmaceutical Industry)

The pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia has good prospects in the future. With the outbreak of Covid 19, the pharmaceutical industry is increasingly important. Firm value reflects the ability of a company to return investment so as to convince investors to invest in the company. It leads us into question what has an impact on firm value. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of firm size, solvency, and profitability on company assessment either simultaneously or partially. The population in this study were pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013 to 2018. The sample in this study was selected using a purposive sampling method which selected 7 companies from 12 companies that would be used as research objects. The data analysis method used is the panel data analysis method or a combination of cross sectional and time series. The research results obtained are simultaneously firm size, solvency, and profitability have an effect on firm value. Meanwhile, partially solvency and profitability have an effect on firm value. However, company size has no effect on firm value.

THE BUREAUCRACY NEUTRALITY IN INDONESIAN POLITICS

The politicization of the Indonesian bureaucracy in election is attracting great attention since it’s resulted in declining quality of democracy in this country. Although political change since 1998 has given greater strength to societal forces vis-à-vis the state, the fact is that the legacy of patronage network still exists. The politicization of the bureaucracy through the weakening of political parties and maintaining bureaucratic authoritarianism under the New Order government (1966-1998) was an important stimulus for this study. With the downfall of Soeharto’s New Order regime, the authoritarian nature of the bureaucratic system was not only exposed but also changed. These changes have put paid to questions about the involvement of political parties and the influence of societal forces in the formation of policy. The bureaucracy can no longer exist as it was in the New Order, and, in fact, has responded to societal needs by adjusting to the new political climate. In this context, Indonesian politics under the reformation era takes on a wider significance for one of the main results has been the emergence of bureaucratic pluralism – a more pluralistic political system that is more open to the influence of these societal forces. This study was conducted using literature review to understand theories and empirical experiences about the neutrality of the bureaucracy in both national elections and regional elections.

WOMEN’S ROLE IN MITIGATION AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

The impact of climate change caused by global warming is currently one of the trending topics in various media and it is an extremely serious threat to human security. Forest fires, floods, landslides and changes in lifestyles to survive natural disasters are the very significant contributing factors to poverty rates in various parts of the world. The London School of Economics and Political Science conducted a study of 141 countries affected by disasters in the 1981-2002 period and found a close link between natural disasters and women's socioeconomic status. Data from the National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB) states that women have 14 times of risk for becoming victims of disasters compared to adult men. Women become the most victimized because women prioritize children and their families rather than saving themselves. Although women bear more risks to climate change, women can also have the principal opportunity and role in implementing climate change mitigation adaptation, namely by making women actors in disaster mitigation and drivers of change in parallel to their strong responsibilities to their families. By providing adequate knowledge for women about adaptation and mitigation of disasters, the women can turn themselves to be the strategic activists in coping with disasters for communities living in disaster-prone areas.This study is a comparative discussion of three research results to obtain an overview and find solutions to women's problems from the consequences of climate change, which is a study by changing women from being the most victims of natural disasters to becoming the driving actor for families and communities in overcoming disaster and her ability to survive the post-disaster situation. The conclusion is the three levels of gender roles related to climate change to increase women's adaptive capacity. An adaptation strategy needs the form of 1. Increasing the role of women in the political arena. It is a crucial issue because women's rights can be protected by their presence and role, as well as women in guarding policies. 2. Increasing the role of women in the realm of education. Education is no less important than politics because education will provide a foundation for understanding and self-confidence, bargaining and personal branding for women so that their presence in society will be recognized and will no longer be discriminated. 3. Cultural reconstruction based on gender equality is very important because so far, the notion of patriarchy is still inherent in our culture. Many perspectives are cooptated on the statement that superior (men) are stronger then give rise women mythos that is said to be weak (women). In reality, the presence of women is still fundamental to the aspect of maintaining the economy and education for the continuation and the quality of the life in the society.

PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF LARGE SCALE SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS

This study focuses on the public perception of Soreang District, Bandung Regency regarding Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This problem is examined because in its implementation the Large Scale Social Restrictions creates many different perceptions that are felt by each individual, thus affecting the effectiveness of the implementation of the policy. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of public knowledge and attitudes about Large Scale Social Restrictions and to find out whether the community has complied with the policy. To answer these objectives, researchers used descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The technique of collecting data through interviews, observation and document review. The interview involved most of the people of Soreang District, Bandung Regency. Meanwhile, document review is taken from news in various mass media as well as theory from relevant references. Data analysis techniques use reduction analysis, display, and data conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the people of Soreang District, Bandung Regency already understand and comply with the Large Scale Social Restrictions policy. This is supported by the results of interviews the researchers conducted with several informants, on average, with knowledge of the Large Scale Social Restrictions policy. This level of understanding is manifested through daily behavior by following the provisions of the Large Scale Social Restrictions and implementing health protocols.

DRAMATURGY: RIBA ON HOME OWNERSHIP LOAN IN ISLAMIC BANKING (CASE STUDY ON BANK BTN SYARIAH KCPS CIPUTAT, TANGERANG SELATAN)

The purpose of this study was to determine usury behavior in the Housing Loan or Credit in Islamic banks and to determine the application of the existing contract system in Housing Loans in Islamic banks using the dramaturgy method. The data used in this study is primary data, where researchers conducted interviews directly with the Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ciputat, a member of the Sharia Supervisory Board and one of the customers who used a House Ownership Credit product at an Islamic bank. The results of this study can be concluded that the front stage that the bank shows to the public is in accordance with the back stage that the bank does not show to the public and Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ciputat conducts its business in accordance with Islamic law and the fatwa of the National Sharia Council. So that in this study Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ciputat does not have usury in its business.

IMPACT OF EVENT INDONESIA FASHION WEEK TO WARDAH'S BRAND

Indonesia Fashion Week Event (IFW) is a movement in the fashion sector initiated by the Indonesian Fashion Designers Association (APPMI). This movement aims to make Indonesia as one of the world's fashion centres. This event held regularly every year since 2010. This event is Wardah's event as one of the famous cosmetic brands to increase awareness. This study aims to measure how much influence the Indonesia Fashion Week (IFW) Event on Wardah's Image is in the Jabodetabek Hijabers Community. The theory used in this study is the theory of public relations, the theory of events and the theory of image. This study uses a quantitative approach to analytical methods. This method is to examine the influence between Variables (X) and Variables (Y). Data collection techniques using questionnaires distributed in Hijabers Community using accidental sampling techniques. From the results of research and discussion, it can see that the dimensions of Perishability at the Indonesia Fashion Week event have the lowest average value among the four other variables 73.6%. Which means that the Indonesia Fashion Week event schedule does not have an event schedule must adjust to the target visitors and participant following the theme carried. Besides, the results of the second study that Wardah's Image is in the "Good" category. It proves from the results of the comparison of the results obtained with the achievement value of 82.3%. The results of the third study, the Indonesia Fashion Week 2018 event was able to increase Wardah's image in the Jabodetabek Hijabers Community. Based on the calculation of the Determinant Coefficient, the value of the Indonesia Fashion Week Event is 0.3169 or 31.69%. The Indonesia Fashion Week Event influences Wardah's image at 31.69%, and other variables determine the remaining 68.31%.