scholarly journals Development, preparation and characterization of chitosan, gelatin and heparin membranes for biomedical applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossana Seixas Maia da Silva ◽  
Rossemberg Cardoso Barbosa ◽  
Camila dos Santos Chagas ◽  
Emerson Barbosa da Silva ◽  
David Feder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Satisfactory Result ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Study Hypothesis

AbstractWith the rising in life expectancy and the consequent population aging, degenerative chronic diseases have been figured as the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. It is believed that the production of a polymeric matrix composed of chitosan and gelatin may be an alternative to obtain a carrier base of heparin, with the prospective objective of applying these materials as an alternative to the conventional therapeutic resources biomedical. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the interaction between chitosan, gelatin, and heparin demonstrating a satisfactory result by the methodologies that were applied, making the study hypothesis concrete., certifying the use of a methodology for including heparin in a biodegradable polymeric base. Thus, expanding the alternatives for possible alternatives to the conventional therapeutic resources of vascular diseases with the application of the developed materials.

scholarly journals Changing Educational Gradients in Life Expectancy With and Without Disease Among U.S. Older Adults From 2000 to 2010

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 505-505
Author(s):  
Matthew Farina ◽  
Phillip Cantu ◽  
Mark Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Education Groups

Abstract Recent research has documented increasing education inequality in life expectancy among U.S. adults; however, much is unknown about other health status changes. The objective of study is to assess how healthy and unhealthy life expectancies, as classified by common chronic diseases, has changed for older adults across education groups. Data come from the Health and Retirement Study and National Vital Statistics. We created prevalence-based life tables using the Sullivan method to assess sex-specific life expectancies for stroke, heart disease, cancer, and arthritis by education group. In general, unhealthy life expectancy increased with each condition across education groups. However, the increases in unhealthy life expectancy varied greatly. While stroke increased by half a year across education groups, life expectancy with diabetes increased by 3 to 4 years. In contrast, the evidence for healthy life expectancy provides mixed results. Across chronic diseases, healthy life expectancy decreased by 1 to 3 years for respondents without a 4-year degree. Conversely, healthy life expectancy increased for the college educated by .5 to 3 years. While previous research shows increases in life expectancy for the most educated, trends in life expectancy with chronic conditions is less positive: not all additional years are in lived in good health. In addition to documenting life expectancy changes across education groups, research assessing health of older adults should consider the changing inequality across a variety of health conditions, which will have broad implications for population aging and policy intervention.

Mexico

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Federico Ramos Ruiz ◽  
Amador Ernesto Macias Osuna
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
World Population ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The World

The world population is ageing at an accelerated pace. It is estimated there are 900 million people aged 60 years or above worldwide, and with the rise in life expectancy comes an increased prevalence of chronic diseases such as dementia. In September 2015, Alzheimer’s Disease International reported a total of 46.8 million people with dementia worldwide, which is expected to increase to 74.7 million and 135.1 million by 2030 and 2050, respectively. Dementia also has a tremendous worldwide economic impact on health systems. In 2015, the total cost of dementia care was 818 billion dollars, representing an increase of 35.4% from 2010.

Definition of Roofing Slate Lithotypes for an International Roofing Slate Classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cárdenes ◽  
Álvaro Rubio-Ordoñez ◽  
Vicente G. Ruiz de Argandona
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
General Classification ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The term “roofing slate” comprises all natural rocks that can be used for roofing. Some of the characteristics that define their performance as construction materials are water absorption, bending strength, mineral composition, and aesthetics. From a sustainability point of view, roofing slates also have the largest life expectancy and lowest carbon emissions of all covering materials. This work reviews the constructive characteristics of roofing slates, from technical data provided by producers from all over the world. These data, supported by the petrological characterization of several roofing slate samples, are used to propose a general classification for this special type of rock. Thus, roofing slates are sorted in twelve lithotypes, depending of their petrographical characteristics, defined by the color. The resulting classification is named International Roofing Slate Classification (IRSC), formally defined in this paper.

scholarly journals Trends in Population Aging and Social Policy for Elderly People in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Anh Tuyet ◽  
Nguyen Trung Hieu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Policy Adaptation ◽  
The World

Population aging is one of the central issues of many countries in the world, including Vietnam. Life quality improvement and increase in life expectancy are indicators of development achievements. However, increase in life expectancy and sub-replacement fertility will inevitably lead to the aging of the population and the aging population will surely increase socio-economic burden. Therefore, without timely policy adaptation solutions, Vietnam will face crises in a number of social areas, such as labor market, social protection for the elderly as well as providing basic social services in the context of an aging population.

scholarly journals Experience in solving organizational and clinical issues of providing care for cerebrovascular diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol XXX (3-4) ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
М. Ya. Berdichevsky ◽  
S. A. Karmiryan ◽  
I. I. Geiko ◽  
L. А. Aristova ◽  
S. G. Kalustov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Clinical Issues ◽  
The Brain

Vascular diseases of the brain are widespread and largely determine such indicators of public health as life expectancy, morbidity, and mortality. In the overall structure of mortality, cerebral strokes rank second after heart disease.

The Physical Activity Transition

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Caitlin Mason
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The World

Physical activity is important for the prevention of chronic disease morbidity and mortality, and the lack of adequate levels of physical activity represents a growing public health burden around the world. The purpose of this report is to introduce the concept of the “Physical Activity Transition” and to explore the potential effects that declining physical activity levels may play on health and life expectancy as countries undergo economic and demographic changes. Physical activity is related to mortality rates in humans, and the available evidence suggests that the adoption of a lifestyle characterized by lower levels of physical activity will attenuate the expected gains in life expectancy associated with the epidemiological transition. Advances in the measurement of physical activity at work, in the home, for transport, and in leisure time in a wide variety of populations will be integral to advancing the current understanding of how macro-level factors shape physical activity patterns and patterns of morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals The absence of the caffeine synthase gene is involved in the naturally decaffeinated status of Coffea humblotiana, a wild species from Comoro archipelago

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Raharimalala ◽  
Stephane Rombauts ◽  
Andrew McCarthy ◽  
Andréa Garavito ◽  
Simon Orozco-Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Illegitimate Recombination ◽  
Recombination Mechanism ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Caffeine Synthase ◽  
The World ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Chromosome Level

AbstractCaffeine is the most consumed alkaloid stimulant in the world. It is synthesized through the activity of three known N-methyltransferase proteins. Here we are reporting on the 422-Mb chromosome-level assembly of the Coffea humblotiana genome, a wild and endangered, naturally caffeine-free, species from the Comoro archipelago. We predicted 32,874 genes and anchored 88.7% of the sequence onto the 11 chromosomes. Comparative analyses with the African Robusta coffee genome (C. canephora) revealed an extensive genome conservation, despite an estimated 11 million years of divergence and a broad diversity of genome sizes within the Coffea genus. In this genome, the absence of caffeine is likely due to the absence of the caffeine synthase gene which converts theobromine into caffeine through an illegitimate recombination mechanism. These findings pave the way for further characterization of caffeine-free species in the Coffea genus and will guide research towards naturally-decaffeinated coffee drinks for consumers.

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
José V. Araújo ◽  
J.A. Lopes da Silva ◽  
Margarida M. Almeida ◽  
Maria Elisabete V. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Chitosan Matrix ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Porous Chitosan ◽  
Interconnected Structure

Porous chitosan/brushite composite scaffolds were prepared by a freeze-drying technique, starting from brushite suspensions in chitosan solutions. The obtained scaffolds showed a regular macroporous and interconnected structure with brushite particles uniformly distributed in the chitosan matrix. The variation of the brushite concentration affected the microstructure of the final freeze-dried scaffold, in particular, its porosity and its average pore size. The yield strengths of the composite scaffolds could also be improved by the increase of the brushite content.

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