Environmental metabolomics as an ecological indicator: Metabolite profiles in juvenile fish discriminate sites with different nursery habitat qualities

Abstract The primary goal of this study was to investigate the possibility of using early life stages of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) (eggs, larvae and fry) as a species relevant to the Fraser River, B.C., for the acute and sublethal toxico-logical testing of forest industry effluents. Here we report the first successful acute toxicity tests for 8-day-old larvae and 42-day-old fry exposed to several chemicals known to be released into the Fraser River (i.e., 6 monochlorovanillin [6 MVAN], 4,5 dichloroguaiacol [4,5 DCG], 4,5 dichlorocatechol [4,5 DCAT], pentachlorophenol [PCP], and didecyldimethylammonium chloride [DDAC]). In most cases, white sturgeon fry were at the lower end of the range for acute toxicity values for chlorinated phenolic compounds, when compared with other juvenile fish species, and they were extremely sensitive to DDAC. The larval stage was usually more sensitive than the fry stage. Acute toxicity tests with fertilized eggs were unsuccessful. A postexposure growth study was inconclusive because neither control nor toxicant-exposed larvae and fry withstood the additional handling used for measuring body mass. At 62-days-old, fry were more tolerant of handling. This allowed measurement of their swimming performance. Although we have concerns about the reliability of using larvae for acute toxicity testing at this time, 60-day-old white sturgeon fry would appear to be both a sensitive and relevant species for assessing environmental impacts relevant to the Fraser River.

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NMR Metabolite Profiles in Male Meat-Eaters, Fish-Eaters, Vegetarians and Vegans, and Comparison with MS Metabolite Profiles

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo11020121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 121

Author(s):

Julie A. Schmidt ◽

Georgina K. Fensom ◽

Sabina Rinaldi ◽

Augustin Scalbert ◽

Marc J. Gunter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Diet Group ◽

Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽

Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽

Animal Products ◽

Total N ◽

Metabolite Profiles

Metabolomics may help to elucidate mechanisms underlying diet-disease relationships and identify novel risk factors for disease. To inform the design and interpretation of such research, evidence on diet-metabolite associations and cross-assay comparisons is needed. We aimed to compare nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolite profiles between meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans, and to compare NMR measurements to those from mass spectrometry (MS), clinical chemistry and capillary gas-liquid chromatography (GC). We quantified 207 serum NMR metabolite measures in 286 male participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Oxford cohort. Using univariate and multivariate analyses, we found that metabolite profiles varied by diet group, especially for vegans; the main differences compared to meat-eaters were lower levels of docosahexaenoic acid, total n-3 and saturated fatty acids, cholesterol and triglycerides in very-low-density lipoproteins, various lipid factions in high-density lipoprotein, sphingomyelins, tyrosine and creatinine, and higher levels of linoleic acid, total n-6, polyunsaturated fatty acids and alanine. Levels in fish-eaters and vegetarians differed by metabolite measure. Concentrations of 13 metabolites measured using both NMR and MS, clinical chemistry or GC were mostly similar. In summary, vegans’ metabolite profiles were markedly different to those of men consuming animal products. The studied metabolomics platforms are complementary, with limited overlap between metabolite classes.

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MBRS-69. METABOLITE PROFILING OF SHH MEDULLOBLASTOMA IDENTIFIES A SUBSET OF CHILDHOOD TUMOURS ENRICHED FOR HIGH-RISK MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS AND CLINICAL FEATURES

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.573 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. iii410-iii410

Author(s):

Christopher Bennett ◽

Sarah Kohe ◽

Florence Burte ◽

Heather Rose ◽

Debbie Hicks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Metabolite Profiling ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Magic Angle Spinning ◽

Molecular Biomarkers ◽

Mycn Amplification ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Magic Angle ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Cluster 2

Abstract SHH medulloblastoma patients have a variable prognosis. Infants (<3–5 years at diagnosis) are associated with a good prognosis, while disease-course in childhood is associated with specific prognostic biomarkers (MYCN amplification, TP53 mutation, LCA histology; all high-risk). There is an unmet need to identify prognostic subgroups of SHH tumours rapidly in the clinical setting, to aid in real-time risk stratification and disease management. Metabolite profiling is a powerful technique for characterising tumours. High resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy (HR-MAS) can be performed on frozen tissue samples and provides high quality metabolite information. We therefore assessed whether metabolite profiles could identify subsets of SHH tumours with prognostic potential. Metabolite concentrations of 22 SHH tumours were acquired by HR-MAS and analysed using unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Methylation profiling assigned the infant and childhood SHH subtypes, and clinical and molecular features were compared between clusters. Two clusters were observed. A significantly higher concentration of lipids was observed in Cluster 1 (t-test, p=0.012). Cluster 1 consisted entirely of childhood-SHH whilst Cluster 2 included both childhood-SHH and infant-SHH subtypes. Cluster 1 was enriched for high-risk markers - LCA histology (3/7 v. 0/5), MYCN amplification (2/7 v. 0/5), TP53 mutations (3/7 v. 1/5) and metastatic disease - whilst having a lower proportion of TERT mutations (0/7 v. 2/5) than Cluster 2. These pilot results suggest that (i) it is possible to identify childhood-SHH patients linked to high-risk clinical and molecular biomarkers using metabolite profiles and (ii) these may be detected non-invasively in vivo using magnetic-resonance spectroscopy.

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Airborne Fungi in Show Caves from Southern Spain

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11115027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 5027

Author(s):

Irene Dominguez-Moñino ◽

Valme Jurado ◽

Miguel Angel Rogerio-Candelera ◽

Bernardo Hermosin ◽

Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽

Airborne Fungi ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Ecological Indicator ◽

Outdoor Air ◽

Northern Spain ◽

Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽

The North ◽

Show Caves ◽

Characteristic Features

The aerobiology of caves in Southern Spain possesses special characteristics, different from caves located in Northern Spain. Previous studies demonstrated the influence of outdoor air on caves in the north and the existence of two different patterns, depending on the season. In summer there is an abundance of Ascomycota, whereas in winter Basidiomycota predominates, which are related to the periods of stagnation and ventilation, respectively. In caves in Southern Spain the presence of airborne Basidiomycota is scarce and Ascomycota represents the main group of fungi widely distributed across the caves in all seasons. The most characteristic features were the abundant presence of entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Parengyodontium album, Pochonia chlamydosporia, Leptobacillium symbioticum, Leptobacillium leptobactrum) and Cladosporium cladosporioides in Cueva del Tesoro, Cueva de Ardales and Gruta de las Maravillas. However, the presence of yeasts of the genera Cutaneotrichosporon, Trichosporon, Cryptococcus, Naganishia, Cystobasidium, Microstroma and Phragmotaenium was exclusive to Gruta de las Maravillas. Fungal hazard in the three show caves were determined using an ecological indicator based on the concentration of spores in cave air.

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Metabolomic Analysis of The Chemical Diversity of South Africa Leaf Litter Fungal Species Using an Epigenetic Culture-Based Approach

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4262

Author(s):

Rachel Serrano ◽

Víctor González-Menéndez ◽

Germán Martínez ◽

Clara Toro ◽

Jesús Martín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Genome Mining ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

Fermentation Conditions ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Different Populations ◽

Fungal Genomes ◽

Microbial Natural Products ◽

Fermentation Media

Microbial natural products are an invaluable resource for the biotechnological industry. Genome mining studies have highlighted the huge biosynthetic potential of fungi, which is underexploited by standard fermentation conditions. Epigenetic effectors and/or cultivation-based approaches have successfully been applied to activate cryptic biosynthetic pathways in order to produce the chemical diversity suggested in available fungal genomes. The addition of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid to fermentation processes was evaluated to assess its effect on the metabolomic diversity of a taxonomically diverse fungal population. Here, metabolomic methodologies were implemented to identify changes in secondary metabolite profiles to determine the best fermentation conditions. The results confirmed previously described effects of the epigenetic modifier on the metabolism of a population of 232 wide diverse South Africa fungal strains cultured in different fermentation media where the induction of differential metabolites was observed. Furthermore, one solid-state fermentation (BRFT medium), two classic successful liquid fermentation media (LSFM and YES) and two new liquid media formulations (MCKX and SMK-II) were compared to identify the most productive conditions for the different populations of taxonomic subgroups.

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Socioeconomic status influences delays in the management of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1656 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

L Cetran ◽

E Lesaine ◽

S Miganeh-Hadi ◽

F Sevin ◽

F Saillour-Glenisson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Symptom Onset ◽

Public Institution ◽

St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽

Ecological Indicator ◽

Low Ses ◽

Funding Source ◽

Acute Stemi ◽

St Elevation

Abstract Background A prompt diagnosis to initiate the appropriate reperfusion therapy is crucial to improve clinical outcomes in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Socio-economic status (SES) refers to parameters like income, educational status and occupation. A low SES negatively interferes with the prognosis of STEMI patients. However, the impact of SES on delay time in acute STEMI remains matter of debate. Methods We used databases from two French multicentric and prospective registries: ACIRA (patients undergoing coronary angiography in any catheterization laboratories of Aquitaine) and REANIM (acute STEMI patients supported by emergency medical system (EMS) in Aquitaine). An ecological indicator of social deprivation Fdep09 was calculated to describe geographical inequalities in health based on municipality of residence. The higher the value, the more disadvantaged the population. Low SES was defined as Fdep09 > median value. Results Two-thousand-eight-hundred-and-forty consecutive patients with acute STEMI undergoing coronary angiography from January 2017 to December 2018 in Aquitaine were included. Patients with lower SES were more often initially referred to emergency departments of non-percutaneous coronary intervention capable centers whereas patients with higher SES were more often directly transferred to PCI centers by the mobile emergency care units as recommended by the most recent European guidelines (p<10–4). Patients with low SES had longer delays from symptom onset to first medical contact (FMC) (116 [60–119] vs 98 [55–233] min, p=0.0078) and were more likely to receive fibrinolysis (9.9 vs 5.2%, p<10–4). Linear regression modeling showed that each point of the Fdep09 index was associated with increase in the delay from symptom onset to FMC by a factor 1.1 (95% CI: 1.04–1.17, p<10–3) after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion SES inequality has negative influence on the delays in the management of acute STEMI patients. Efforts to raise awareness of suspicious signs of acute MI among individuals in lower SES could be valuable. FDep09 distribution Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): ARS Nouvelle-Aquitaine

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The characteristics of proteome and metabolome associated with contrasting sperm motility in goat seminal plasma

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95138-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Baoyu Jia ◽

Jiachong Liang ◽

Chunrong Lv ◽

Sameeullah Memon ◽

Yi Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Seminal Plasma ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Salivary Secretion ◽

Metabolic Process ◽

Functional Roles ◽

Kegg Analysis ◽

Parallel Reaction Monitoring ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Close Relationship

AbstractSperm motility is an index tightly associated with male fertility. A close relationship between seminal plasma and sperm motility has been confirmed. This study was to assess the protein and metabolite profiles of seminal plasma obtained from adult goats with high or low sperm motility using the proteomic and metabolomic strategies. In total, 2098 proteins were found. 449 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified, and 175 DAPs were enriched in the high motility group. The obtained DAPs primarily exist in cytoplasma and extra-cellular portion. The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis demonstrated the main functional roles of these DAPs in regulating biological process, metabolic process of organic substances, cellular-metabolic process, primary-metabolic process, metabolic process of nitrogen compounds, etc. Additionally, the Kyoto-Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that these DAPs were primarily involved in phosphatidylinositol signaling system, salivary secretion, proteasome, apoptosis, mitophagy-animal, etc. Aided by the parallel reaction monitoring technology, the abundance changing pattern of 19 selected DAPs was consistent with that of the corresponding proteins obtained by TMT. A total of 4603 metabolites were identified in seminal plasma. 1857 differential metabolites were found between the high motility group and the low motility group, and 999 metabolites were up-regulated in the high motility group. The KEGG analysis demonstrated the primary involvement of the differential metabolites in metabolic and synthetic activities. In conclusion, we first established the proteome and metabolome databank of goat seminal plasma, detecting some proteins and metabolites which may affect sperm motility. This study will be valuable for understanding mechanisms leading to poor sperm motility.

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