Towards green drugs against cestodes: Effectiveness of Pelargonium roseum and Ferula gummosa essential oils and their main component on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces

Plant bioactive compounds have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities that allow them to be used as a substitute for synthetic chemical additives in both food and food packaging. To improve its sensory and bactericidal effects, its use in the form of effective combinations has emerged as an interesting possibility in the food industry. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of essential oils (EOs) of cinnamon bark, cinnamon leaves, and clove and the pure compounds vanillin, eugenol, and cinnamaldehyde were investigated individually and in combination against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The possible interactions of combinations of pure compounds and EOs were performed by the two-dimensional checkerboard assay and isobologram methods. Vanillin exhibited the lowest antimicrobial activity (MIC of 3002 ppm against L. monocytogenes and 2795 ppm against E. coli O157:H7), while clove and cinnamon bark EOs exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity (402–404 against L. monocytogenes and 778–721 against E. coli O157:H7). For L. monocytogenes, pure compound eugenol, the main component of cinnamon leaves and clove, showed lower antimicrobial activity than EOs, which was attributed to the influence of the minor components of the EOs. The same was observed with cinnamaldehyde, the main component of cinnamon bark EO. The combinations of vanillin/clove EO and vanillin/cinnamon bark EO showed the most synergistic antimicrobial effect. The combination of the EOs of cinnamon bark/clove and cinnamon bark/cinnamon leaves showed additive effect against L. monocytogenes but indifferent effect against E. coli O157:H7. For L. monocytogenes, the best inhibitory effects were achieved by cinnamon bark EO (85 ppm)/vanillin (910 ppm) and clove EO (121 ppm)/vanillin (691 ppm) combinations. For E. coli, the inhibitory effects of clove EO (104 ppm)/vanillin (1006 ppm) and cinnamon leaves EO (118 ppm)/vanillin (979 ppm) combinations were noteworthy. Some of the tested combinations increased the antimicrobial effect and would allow the effective doses to be reduced, thereby offering possible new applications for food and active food packaging.

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Fumigation and repellency of essential oils against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in cowpea

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2017000100002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 10-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

José Vargas de Oliveira ◽

Solange Maria de França ◽

Douglas Rafael e Silva Barbosa ◽

Kamilla de Andrade Dutra ◽

Alice Maria Nascimento de Araujo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽

Ricinus Communis ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽

Main Component ◽

Piper Aduncum

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the fumigant and repellent effects of essential oils on adults of Callosobruchus maculatus and to identify the chemical composition of two of the tested essential oils. For the fumigation test, the oils of Schinus terebinthifolius, Piper aduncum, Syzygium aromaticum, Piper hispidinervum, Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound were tested at different concentrations on C. maculatus adults. For the repellency test, the oils of S. terebinthifolius, P. aduncum, P. hispidinervum, S. aromaticum, Jatropha curcas, and Ricinus communis were evaluated. In the fumigation test, it was observed that P. aduncum and eugenol showed the highest and lowest LC50s, of 169.50 and 0.28 μL L-1 air, respectively. In the repellency test, the oils of S. aromaticum and P. hispidinervum were repellent to C. maculatus. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of these two oils identified 42 compounds, of which safrole was the main component of P. hispidinervum and eugenol of S. aromaticum. The essential oils of S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and the eugenol compound are the most promising to control C. maculatus, via fumigation.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Several Cineole-Rich Western Australian Eucalyptus Essential Oils

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms6040122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 122 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Fahad Aldoghaim ◽

Gavin Flematti ◽

Katherine Hammer

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Eucalyptus Globulus ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Main Component ◽

Western Australian

Essential oils from the Western Australian (WA) Eucalyptus mallee species Eucalyptus loxophleba, Eucalyptus polybractea, and Eucalyptus kochii subsp. plenissima and subsp. borealis were hydrodistilled from the leaves and then analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in addition to a commercial Eucalyptus globulus oil and 1,8-cineole. The main component of all oils was 1,8-cineole at 97.32% for E. kochii subsp. borealis, 96.55% for E. kochii subsp. plenissima, 82.95% for E. polybractea, 78.78% for E. loxophleba 2, 77.02% for E. globulus, and 66.93% for E. loxophleba 1. The Eucalyptus oils exhibited variable antimicrobial activity determined by broth microdilution, with E. globulus and E. polybractea oils showing the highest activities. The majority of microorganisms were inhibited or killed at concentrations ranging from 0.25% to 8.0% (v/v). Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans were the least susceptible organisms, whilst Acinetobacter baumannii was the most sensitive. In conclusion, all oils from WA Eucalyptus species showed microorganism inhibitory activity, although this varied according to both the Eucalyptus species and the microorganism tested. These data demonstrate that WA Eucalyptus oils show activity against a range of medically important pathogens and therefore have potential as antimicrobial agents.

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Komposisi Minyak Atsiri dan Aktivitas Antimikroba Rimpang Temu Putih dan Jahe Gajah sebagai Fitobiotik Pakan Unggas

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis ◽

10.33772/jitro.v6i2.5560 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Laila Nur Rohma ◽

Osfar Sjofjan ◽

M. Halim Natsir

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Activity Test ◽

Main Component

ABSTRAK Imbuhan pakan unggas dapat berasal dari bahan herbal yang mengandung berbagai komponen aktif yang bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan ternak.Temu putih dan jahe gajah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai imbuhan pakan karena mengandung minyak atsiri yang dapat berperan sebagai agen antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen penyusun minyak atsiri dan aktivitas antimikroba pada rimpang temu putih dan jahe gajah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan in vitro menggunakan temu putih dan jahe gajah yang diolah menjadi bentuk ekstrak minyak atsiri temu putih dan jahe gajah sebagai materi uji komposisi penyusun minyak atsiri serta bentuktepung dan enkapsulasi sebagai materi uji aktivitas antimikroba. Komposisi minyak atsiri temu putih terdiri dari lima komponen penyusun dengan cis-1,7-octadien-3-yl acetat sebagai komponen utama. Komposisi minyak atsiri jahe gajah terdiri dari tujuh komponen dan benzene,1-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl-(CAS) ar-curcumene sebagai komponen utama. Minyak atsiri yang terkandung pada temu putih dan jahe gajah mempunyai peran dalam menghambat mikroba. Uji komposisi penyusun minyak atsiri menggunakan alat GC-MS dan uji aktivitas antimikroba menggunakan metode disc diffusion dan. Hasil dari uji aktivitas antimikroba menunjukkan bahwa temu putih dan jahe gajah dalam bentuk tepung dan enkapsulasi memiliki perbedaan yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap aktivitas antimikroba pada bakteri asam laktat, Escherichia coli dan Salmonella sp. Campuran temu putih dan jahe gajah (1:1) menunjukkan kemampuan terbaik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen dengan diameter zona hambat 5,70±0,14 mm (Escherichia coli) dan 6,88±0,45 mm (Salmonella sp.).Kata Kunci : antimikroba, fitobiotik, jahe gajah, minyak atsiri, temu putihABSTRACTThe poultry feed additives can contain herbal ingredients that contain various beneficial components for livestock growth. White turmeric and giant ginger can be used as feed additives because they contain essential oils that can be used as antibacterial agents. This study aims to determine the constituent components of essential oils and antimicrobial activity in white turmeric and giant ginger rhizomes. The study was carried out by in vitro experiments using white turmeric and giant ginger which were processed into the form of essential oil extract as material for the composition of essential oils test, and powder and encapsulation form as antimicrobial activity test material. The composition of essential oils of white turmeric consists of five constituent components with cis-1,7-octadien-3-yl acetate as the main component. The composition of giant ginger essential oil consists of seven components with benzene, 1- (1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl) -4-methyl- (CAS) ar-curcumene as the main component. Essential oils contained in the white turmeric and giant ginger have a role in inhibiting microbes. The composition of the essential oil tested using GC-MS and the antimicrobial activity test used the disc diffusion method. The results of the antimicrobial activity test showed that white turmeric and giant ginger in powder and encapsulation form had significant differences (P <0.01) on antimicrobial activity in lactic acid bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. The mixture of white turmeric and giant ginger (1: 1) showed the best ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria with inhibitory zone diameters of 5.70 ± 0.14 mm (Escherichia coli) and 6.88 ± 0.45 mm (Salmonella sp.).Keywords: antimicrobial, essential oil, giant ginger, phytobiotic, white turmeric

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Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anti-Tyrosinase, Anti-Cholinesterase and Cytotoxic Activities of Essential Oils of Six Algerian Plants

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25071710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 1710 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kadour Cheraif ◽

Boulanouar Bakchiche ◽

Abdelaziz Gherib ◽

Sanaa K. Bardaweel ◽

Melek Çol Ayvaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Food Preservation ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Mentha Pulegium ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Lavandula Officinalis ◽

Main Component

In this study, the essential oils (EOs) of six Algerian plants (Artemisia campestris L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso, Juniperus phoenicea L., Juniperus oxycedrus L., Mentha pulegium L. and Lavandula officinalis Chaix) were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their compositions determined by GC-MS and GC-FID. The antioxidant activity of the EOS was evaluated via 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assays. Moreover, their cytotoxic effect was evaluated—as well as their tyrosinase, acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) inhibitory activities. The chemical analyses detected 44, 45, 51, 53, 26 and 40 compounds in EOs of A. campestris, A. herba-alba, J. phoenicea, J. oxycedrus, M. pulegium and L. officinalis, respectively. A. campestris EO was mainly composed of β-pinene (20.7%), while A. herba-alba EO contained davanone D (49.5%) as the main component. α-Pinene (41.8%) was detected as the major constituent in both J. phoenicea (41.8%) and J. oxycedrus (37.8%) EOs. M. pulegium EO was characterized by pulegone as the most abundant (76.9%) compound, while linalool (35.8%) was detected as a major constituent in L. officinalis EO. The antioxidant power evaluation revealed IC50 values ranging from 2.61 to 91.25 mg/mL for DPPH scavenging activity, while the FRAP values ranged from 0.97–8.17 µmol Trolox equivalents (TX)/g sample. In the ABTS assay, the values ranged from 7.01 to 2.40 µmol TX/g sample. In the presence of 1 mg/mL of the samples, tyrosinase inhibition rates ranged from 11.35% to 39.65%, AChE inhibition rates ranged from 40.57% to 73.60% and BuChE inhibition rates ranged from 6.47% to 72.03%. A significant cytotoxic effect was found for A. herba-alba EO. The obtained results support some of the traditional uses of these species in food preservation and for protection against several diseases.

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Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oils of Piper septuplinervium and P. subtomentosum (Piperaceae)

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400901031 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400901

Author(s):

Mónica Constanza Ávila Murillo ◽

Luis Enrique Cuca Suarez ◽

Jairo Alonso Cerón Salamanca

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Main Component

Essential oils of Piper subtomentosum (leaves and inflorescences) and Piper septuplinervium (aerial parts) were analyzed by GC-MS; sixty-three compounds were determined, representing 92.0%, 86.9 %, and 91.8 % of the total relative oil composition of the leaves, inflorescences, and aerial parts, respectively. The most abundant component in the aerial parts and inflorescence oils was α-pinene (27.3%, 21.0%, respectively), and δ-cadinene was the main component of the leaf oil. Insecticidal activity of the essential oils were determined on the Spodoptera frugiperda second instar larvae; the essential oil from the aerial parts of P. septuplinervium was the most active against insect pests (LC50= 9.4 μL/L of air). Statistical analysis by direct Pearson correlation showed that the insecticidal activity of the essential oils was primarily due to camphene and α- and β-pinene. The effect of the oils on the insect life cycle was also evaluated, and in some cases, a delay in growth and inhibition of the oviposition in the females were observed.

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Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity against Aedes Aegypti of Essential Oils from Croton Zehntneri

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0700201208 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X0700201 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hélcio S. Santos ◽

Gilvandete M. P. Santiago ◽

João P. P. de Oliveira ◽

Angela M. C. Arriaga ◽

Délcio D. Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Main Component

The chemical composition of the essential oils from leaves, stalks and inflorescences of Croton zehntneri obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC-MS and CG-FID. E-Anethole was the main component of the essential oils of all plant parts. Essential oils of leaves, stalks, inflorescences and E-anethole were tested at different concentrations against instar III larvae of Aedes aegypti and showed LC50 values of 56.2 ± 0.3, 51.3 ± 0.3, 57.5 ± 0.1 and 69.2 ± 0.5 μg/mL, respectively.

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Volatile Oils ofNepeta tenuifolia(Jing Jie) as an Alternative Medicine against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Microbes

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2018/8347403 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yi-Hsuan Lee ◽

Chao-Min Wang ◽

Po-Yu Liu ◽

Ching-Chang Cheng ◽

Zong-Yen Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Wide Range ◽

Main Component ◽

Reference Strains

Essential oils from the dried spikes ofNepeta tenuifolia(Benth) are obtained by steam distillation. Pulegone was identified as the main component in the spikes ofN. tenuifoliathrough analysis, with greater than 85% purity obtained in this study. The essential oils are extremely active against all Gram-positive and some Gram-negative reference bacteria, particularlySalmonella enterica,Citrobacter freundii, andEscherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration was found to be between 0.08 and 0.78% (againstS. enterica), 0.39 and 0.78% (againstC. freundii), and 0.097 and 0.39% (againstE. coli), whereas the minimum bactericidal concentration varied in range from 0.097% to 1.04%. In general, the essential oils show a strong inhibitory action against all tested reference strains and clinical isolates. However, the antibacterial activity of EOs against bothPseudomonas aeruginosareference strains and clinical isolates was relatively lower than other Gram-negative pathogens. The essential oils ofN. tenuifoliaalso displayed bactericidal activities (MBC/MIC < 4) in this study. These findings reflect the bactericidal activity of the essential oils against a wide range of multidrug-resistant clinical pathogens in an in vitro study. In addition, we propose the fragmentation pathways of pulegone and its derivatives by LC-ESI-MS/MS in this study.

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Seasonal Study of Methyleugenol Chemotype of Ocimum campechianum Essential Oil and Its Fungicidal and Antioxidant Activities

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300833 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo ◽

Sebastião G. Silva ◽

Lidiane D. Nascimento ◽

Alessandra R. Ramos ◽

William N. Setzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Fungicidal Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Ocimum Species ◽

Main Component ◽

High Antifungal Activity

Ocimum species (Lamiaceae) have aroused great interest to the scientific community with respect to different biological properties attributed to their essential oils. The seasonal variation and antioxidant and fungical activities were carried out for the essential oil of Ocimum campechianum. Its essential oil showed an excellent yield (0.5–5.3%) throughout the season. The essential oils of leaves/stems and inflorescences were analyzed by GC and GC-MS to identify their volatile constituents and associate them with the antioxidant and antifungal activities. Methyleugenol was the main component in the leaves/stems (80.0-87.0%) and inflorescences (75.3–83.5%). The essential oil and the methyleugenol standard showed low antioxidant activity (<40%) against DPPH radical, but high antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gossypii phytopatogens as well as the mycelial growth and spore germination of the fungi. The high levels of methyleugenol coupled with good fungicidal activity give great agroindustrial potential to this Ocimum species.

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Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils from Magnolia grandiflora, Chrysactinia mexicana, and Schinus molle Found in Northeast Mexico

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800133 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Laura Guerra-Boone ◽

Rocío Álvarez-Román ◽

Ricardo Salazar-Aranda ◽

Anabel Torres-Cirio ◽

Verónica Mayela Rivas-Galindo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Principal Component ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Bornyl Acetate ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Magnolia Grandiflora ◽

Schinus Molle ◽

Main Component

The essential oils from Magnolia grandiflora and Chrysactinia mexicana leaves, and from Schinus molle leaves and fruit, were characterized by gas chromatography/flame-ionization detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Twenty-eight compounds from M. grandiflora leaves were identified (representing 93.6% of the total area of the gas chromatogram), with the major component being bornyl acetate (20.9%). Colorless and yellow oils were obtained from the C. mexicana leaves with 18 (86.7%) and 11 (100%) compounds identified, respectively. In both fractions, the principal component was sylvestrene (36.8% and 41.1%, respectively). The essential oils of S. molle leaves and fruit were each separated into colorless and yellow fractions, in which 14 (98.2) and 20 (99.8%) compounds were identified. The main component was α-phellandrene in all fractions (between 32.8% and 45.0%). The M. grandiflora oil displayed antifungal activity against five dermatophyte strains. The oils from S. molle and M. grandiflora leaves had antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, which cause skin infections that potentially may lead to sepsis. However, the antioxidant activities of all oils were small (half maximal effective concentration values >250 μg/mL).

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