Lifestyle factors related to iodine intakes in French adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2428-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Valeix ◽  
Patrice Faure ◽  
Sandrine Péneau ◽  
Carla Estaquio ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
High Level

AbstractObjectiveTo assess dietary iodine intakes among adults and to investigate the relationships of dietary, lifestyle, demographic and geographical characteristics with dietary iodine status. Adequacy of iodine intakes was also assessed.DesignCross-sectional study. Linear regression analyses and logistic regression modelling were used to determine correlates of iodine intakes. Usual iodine mean intake was calculated by averaging six 24 h dietary records completed over a 2-year period.SubjectsFemales aged 35–60 years (n 2962) and males aged 45–60 years (n 2117) living in France and who participated in the SU.VI.MAX study.ResultsIodine intakes ranged from 30·0 to 446·3 μg/d. The median iodine intake was 150·7 μg/d for males and 131·4 μg/d for females. High-level (97·5th percentile) intakes were 273·4 μg/d for males and 245·0 μg/d for females. Overall, 8·5 % of males and 20·3 % of females had intakes <100 μg/d (P < 0·001). Alcohol drinkers and smokers tended to have lower iodine intakes than abstainers or non-smokers. Regular physical activity and both intermediate and high education levels were associated with a lower risk of iodine intake of <150 μg/d. For both males and females there were significant overall regional differences (P < 0·001) in multivariate-adjusted iodine intakes, with higher adjusted iodine intakes in Brittany and Normandy than in the north-eastern region.ConclusionsOur data show a borderline low iodine intake in this middle-aged French population. However, differences in iodine intakes may contribute to explaining only a small part of the effects of sex and age on thyroid disease incidence.

scholarly journals Community knowledge, attitude and practices regarding malaria and long-lasting insecticidal nets in Churachandpur, Manipur

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3064
Author(s):  
Rikrak Ch Marak ◽  
T. Achouba Singh
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets

Background: The disease is endemic in many parts of India, especially in the North- Eastern region. A study was done on head of the family’s knowledge, attitude and practice regarding malaria and long-lasting insecticidal bed nets and to determine the association between socio-demographic profile and knowledge and attitude.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the communities from 3 subcentres namely Pearsonmun, Thingkhangpai and Soipum under Saikot PHC, Churachandpur district of Manipur. House to house survey was carried out and only those who are eligible were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Random sampling and PPS was carried out to select the households head. SPSS was used for analysis.Results: Total of 289 heads of the family was interviewed. The total adequate knowledge score was 30.6% and only 26.3% had favourable attitude towards malaria and long-lasting insecticidal bed nets. There was significant association between marital status, educational qualification, occupation and monthly income with adequacy of knowledge. There was significant association between religion and attitude.Conclusions: Majority of the participants still lacks knowledge and attitude towards the malaria and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN). IEC and awareness campaign should be carried out intensively and further study to be done to see the improvement of knowledge. 

Asymptomatic low-density Plasmodium infection during non-transmission season: a community-based cross-sectional study in two districts of North Eastern Region, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Shankar ◽  
Sobhan Phookan ◽  
Mrigendra Pal Singh ◽  
Ram Suresh Bharti ◽  
Naseem Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Plasmodium Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections

Abstract Background Malaria elimination requires targeting asymptomatic and low-density Plasmodium infections that largely remain undetected. Therefore we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the burden of asymptomatic and low-density Plasmodium infection using conventional and molecular diagnostics. Methods A total of 9118 participants, irrespective of age and sex, were screened for malaria using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. Results Among the participants, 707 presented with symptoms and 8411 without symptoms, of which Plasmodium was present in 15.6% (110/707) and 8.1% (681/8411), respectively. Low-density infection was found in 5.1% (145/2818) of participants and 8327 of 9118 were Plasmodium negative. Endemicity was propotional to asymptomatic infections (high endemicity 11.1% [404/3633] vs low endemicity 5.8% [277/4778]; odds ratio [OR] 2.0 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.7 to 2.4]) but inversely related to low-density infection (high endemicity 3.7% [57/1545] vs low endemicity 6.9% [88/1273]; OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.4 to 2.7]). The spleen rate in children 2–9 y of age was 17.9% (602/3368) and the enlarged spleen index was 1.6. Children between 8 and 14 y showed higher odds for asymptomatic (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.75 [95% CI 1.4 to 2.2]) and low-density infections (aOR 0.63 [95% CI 0.4 to 1.0)] than adults. Conclusions The prevalence of asymptomatic and low-density Plasmodium infection undermines the usefulness of standard diagnostic tools used by health agencies. This necessitates deploying molecular tools in areas where malaria microscopy/RDTs indicate a dearth of infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence and hospitalization rates due to diarrhoea in infants: the 2006 Brazilian National Demographic Health Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulio Konstantyner ◽  
Thais Cláudia Roma De Oliveira Konstanty ◽  
Laís Amaral Mais ◽  
Sarah Warkentin ◽  
José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The North ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Control And Prevention

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and hospitalization rate due to diarrhea and to identify factorsassociated with diarrheal disease and related hospitalizations in children less than two years old in Brazil.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,902 children who were participants in the 2006 National Demographic andHealth Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Criança e da Mulher - PNDS 2006). To collect data, children’smothers were interviewed. The prevalence of and hospitalization rate due to diarrhea were calculated for the two weeks beforethe interview and for the last year, respectively. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify the prevalence of diarrhea andthe risk factors associated with diarrhea occurrence and related hospitalizations. A complex sample statistical technique wasapplied for all analyses.Results: The prevalence of diarrhea and hospitalization rate due to diarrhea were 11.9% and 2.6%, respectively. Children livingin the North and Northeast regions had a greater risk of diarrhea, while children under 12 months old, those who were receivingage-appropriate exclusive breastfeeding and those with mothers greater than 35 years old were protected against the disease. Malechildren living in households that did not have a land-floor in the North and Northeast regions had a higher risk of hospitalizationdue to diarrhea, while children of mothers who had a higher education level (> 4 years) were protected against it.Conclusion: Diarrhea is still a public health problem for children under two years old in Brazil, especially in the North andNortheast regions. Diarrhea control and prevention programs should inform young mothers with lower education levels aboutchildren’s healthcare, including the benefits of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals The Professional Competencies of Physical Education Teachers from North-Eastern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjeta Kovač ◽  
Miloš Tul ◽  
Bojan Leskošek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
North Eastern

This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the self-perceived professional competences of Italian physical education (PE) teachers. For this purpose, a self-administered questionnaire has been designed toexamine a broad scope of general and subject-specific competences. The participants, 484 Italian PE teachers from the north-eastern part of Italy, evaluated their professional competences on a four-level Likert scale. Factor analysis is used for the examination of the internal structure of the competence field. The results show that the self-perception of their competence profile was quite complex, consisting of 13 factors, which togetherexplain 51.1% of the total variance. Didactic approaches, which represent the first factor and explain 31.3% of the total variance, seem to be the most informative for their estimations of how effectively they can teach theirspecific subject. The teachers feel insufficiently competent in some general areas, such as the use of information and communications technology, communication in foreign language, scientific research work, initiative, and entrepreneurial spirit. They do not have sufficient abilities to bring to PE the recent sports activities in which teenagers currently participate in their free time. The outcomes of the present study may aid in the future updating of PE teacher education study programmes and the designing of a creative system of lifelong training programmes. 

scholarly journals Impact of introduction of the anti-female genital mutilation law on the practice of female genital mutilation in Garissa County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4707
Author(s):  
Yasmin H. Derowa ◽  
Eliphas Gitonga ◽  
George Otieno ◽  
Alison Yoos ◽  
Clayton S. Jisuvei
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Mutilation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
High Level ◽  
Female Genital

Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM), is a social traditional practice performed by cutting parts of the external female genitalia. Garissa county in north eastern Kenya has the highest prevalence of FGM in Kenya at 94%.  This practise was illegalised in Kenya in 2011. The aim of the study was to assess the successes of anti-FGM programs in Garissa County.Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving 108 participants of both genders and different age groups. Questionnaires were used in data collection. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Chi square was used to compare characteristics between female participants who had undergone FGM and participants not circumcised.  Results: Of the 108 participants, 53.7% were females. The median age of participants was 23 years [Interquartile range (IQR])15-40]. The prevalence of FGM was 62% with the mean age at circumcision being 8.34 years (SD=2.69 years). Being of Muslim faith was associated with practice of FGM (p<0.001). There was high level of awareness of the anti-FGM law among youths at 84%. Two thirds of participants did not support FGM. Excision was the main type of FGM practiced. Among those circumcised, 14.7% were circumcised by trained nurses.Conclusions: Introduction of the anti-FGM law, and its advocacy by NGOs has led to a reduction in the practice of FGM in Garissa county. There is an increase in the medicalization of FGM in Garissa with evidence of the practice going underground. This study recommends NGOs to have a clearer focus on the method chosen for use in advocating for the abandonment of FGM.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Visceral Schistosomiasis in Cattle Slaughtered in North-Eastern Region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
SM Abdullah ◽  
Uday Kumar Mohanta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Seasonal Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
North Eastern

A cross sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and identify possible risk factors (season, sex) of Schistosoma in three north-eastern districts of Bangladesh namely Mymensingh, Sunamganj, Kishoreganj. Mesenteric sample of cattle from different slaughter houses were collected and examined for helminths which were identified as Schistosoma on accordance with Soulbsy, 1965. Total 67 (55.83%) out of 120 randomly selected samples were found positive for schistosomiasis. Cattle of Kishoreganj were mostly infected (67.50%), followed by Sunamganj (55.00%) and Mymensingh (45.00%). Regarding seasonal prevalence, samples collected during winter (63.33%) were more infected than summer (48.33%). Moreover, 58.69% of male and 46.42% of female were found infected. In conclusion, relatively high prevalence was recorded in the study areas based on the results obtained. Hence, control measures against schistosomiasis must be designed. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(1): 165-169, April 2021

scholarly journals An investigation of the effects of ethno-religious conflicts on security in Taraba State, Nigeria, 1991-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Atando D. Agbu ◽  
◽  
Elijah I. Akombo ◽  
Ruth S. Agbu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Region ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
The North ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
First Republic ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
High Level ◽  
People's Congress

Since independence, Nigeria has been experiencing high level of violence, crime and criminality in all geo-political zones, posing great threat to national security, and social, political and economic development. Such disturbing phenomena include the political crises of the First Republic; the religious crisis of the 1980s; the ethno-religious crises of the post-1999 era; the activities of Oodua People’s Congress (OPC) and Bakassi boys; the Niger-Delta crisis; to the insurgency in the North-Eastern region and armed-herdsmen violence, particularly in the Middle-Belt region. All these phenomena have created disturbing security challenges to the peoples of the immediate environments of the incidents, and the whole nation, thus affecting nation-building. This paper adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, examines the security challenges posed by ethno-religious conflicts, particularly in Taraba State of Nigeria. The research interrogates the challenges posed by the phenomena mentioned, and finds, among other things, that in the past 60 years, the incidents have significantly contributed to the slow pace of social, political and economic developments in the area. The paper suggests, among other things, tolerance and responsive governance, to curtail envisaged security challenges facing Taraba State, and Nigeria in general.

Occupational stress of the nonmedical personnel at a training hospital

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necmettin Cihangiroglu ◽  
Gulfer Dogan Pekince ◽  
Nurgul Dogan ◽  
Cenk Kilic ◽  
Bilal Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Military Training ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Duration ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hospital Administrative

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the stress sources and its harmful effects on the personnel working at a military training hospital in Ankara in 2014. Methods: This cross-sectional study included the nonmedical administrative staff working at the hospital. The inquiry form, developed previously (Agma, 2007) was used to reveal the reasons of stress and its effects.  Totally, 250 inquiry forms were distributed, 161 were analysed. Results: While Employee Social Environment (ESE) Stressors have had the lowest mean score   (1,53 ± 0,77) suggesting the highest impact, Working conditions Stressors factors have had the highest (2,13 ± 1,01). No significant result was found when compared mean scores of ESE between groups based on age, sex, marital status, and work duration with the exception of the groups based on education levels (p=0,037). Conclusion: Results of this research indicate that the occupational stressors existing in the hospital have led to very high stress on all the administrative staff involved in this study.  Low decision latitude seems to be one major factor contributing this high level of job stress. Verbal abuse and mobbing might cause the remarkable part of the given stress.Keywords: Occupational Stress, stressors, the effects of stress, hospital, administrative staff

An Investigation of Changing Attitudes and Behaviors and Problematic Internet Use in Children Aged 8 to 17 Years During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 000992282110658
Author(s):  
Tülay Kamaşak ◽  
Murat Topbaş ◽  
Nalan Ozen ◽  
Gülnur Esenülkü ◽  
Nihal Yıldız ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Problematic Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Social Habits ◽  
High Level

Purpose To examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle, habits, and behavioral differences in children, and their changing internet use habits. Methods The research was planned as a cross-sectional study involving 4892 children aged 8 to 17 years attending schools in the city center of Trabzon, Turkey. Children’s daily living activities, social habits, mood and temperament changes, and internet use were investigated before and during the pandemic. In terms of problematic internet use, internet addiction rates were evaluated using the validated Turkish-language version of the Parent-Child Internet Addiction Scale (PCIAT-20). Results The children’s mean age was 13 ± 2.45 years, and 17.1% (n = 837) exhibited problematic internet use features on the PCIAT-20. Problematic internet use was higher in boys and in children older than 13 years. The presence of COVID-19 infection among members of the household, quarantine measures, attending private schools, the mother’s occupation, the time spent by the mother and father on their mobile phones, and high parental education levels were associated with a high level of internet addiction. Families also described significant changes in their children’s temperament and character compared with the pre-pandemic period. Conclusion The prevalence of problematic internet use increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous studies from Turkey. Children were also more introverted, irritable, and pessimistic during the pandemic.

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