Consumption of ultra-processed foods and nutritional profile in a health promotion service of Primary care

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Suellen Fabiane Campos ◽  
Luana Caroline dos Santos ◽  
Mariana Souza Lopes ◽  
Patrícia Pinheiro de Freitas ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fiber Consumption ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Public Health Promotion

Abstract Objective: Describing the consumption of Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and their association with the nutritional profiles among users of a health promotion service in a Brazilian city. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Public health promotion service of Primary Health Care in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants: 3372 participants Results: UPFs were found to contribute to 27.7% of the diet’s total energy. The highest consumption was associated with higher values for energy intake (1561,8 vs. 1331,8 kcal/d; p <0,01), energy density (1,7 vs. 1,4 kcal/g; p <0,01), total (32,5 vs. 27,3 %; p <0,01) and trans fats (2,1 vs. 1,2 %; p <0,01), and sodium (1001,6 vs. 758,9 mg/1000 kcal; p <0,01), and with lower values for proteins (14,9 vs. 19,6 %; p <0,01), mono-unsaturated fats (16,1 vs. 20,1%; p=0,02), omega-3 (0,9 vs. 1,1 %; p <0,01), and some vitamins and minerals when comparing individuals in the last quintile of energy contribution from UPFs in relation to the first one. The prevalence rate of nutrient inadequacy aimed at preventing NCDs increased between 30% and 100% when compared the values of the fifth to the first quintile of UPFs consumption(p<0,001). However, the participants had lower energy intake, energy density and sodium; and higher fiber consumption when compared to Brazilian population. Conclusions: Participants showed a high consumption of UPFs, but also positive diet characteristics when compared to the national data. The results suggest the importance of Health promotion services to promote healthy food and the need to include approaches to reduce UPFs consumption.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and recommended intake levels of nutrients linked to non-communicable diseases in Australia: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila P Machado ◽  
Euridice M Steele ◽  
Renata B Levy ◽  
Zhixian Sui ◽  
Anna Rangan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the consumption of ultra-processed foods in Australia and its association with the intake of nutrients linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs).DesignCross-sectional study.SettingNational Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2011-2012).Participants12,153 participants aged 2+ years.Main outcome measuresAverage dietary content of nutrients linked to NCDs and the prevalence of intake outside levels recommended for the prevention of NCDs.Data analysisFood items were classified according to the NOVA system, a classification based on the nature, extent and purpose of industrial food processing. The contribution of each NOVA food group and their subgroups to total energy intake was calculated. Mean nutrient content of ultra-processed food and non-ultra-processed food fractions of the diet were compared. Across quintiles of the energy contribution of ultra-processed foods, differences in the intake of nutrients linked to NCDs as well as in the prevalence of intakes outside levels recommended for the prevention of NCDs were examined.ResultsUltra-processed foods had the highest dietary contribution (42.0% of energy intake), followed by unprocessed or minimally processed foods (35.4%), processed foods (15.8%) and processed culinary ingredients (6.8%). A positive and statistically significant linear trend was found between quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption and intake levels of free sugars (standardised β 0.43, p<0.001); total (β 0.08, p<0.001), saturated (β 0.18, p<0.001) and trans fats (β 0.10, p<0.001); sodium (β 0.21, p<0.001) and diet energy density (β 0.41, p<0.001), while an inverse relationship was observed for dietary fibre (β -0.21, p<0.001) and potassium (β -0.27, p<0.001). The prevalence of non-recommended intake levels of all studied nutrients increased linearly across quintiles of ultra-processed food intake, notably from 22% to 82% for free sugars, from 6% to 11% for trans fat and from 2% to 25% for dietary energy density, from the lowest to the highest ultra-processed food quintile.ConclusionThe high energy contribution of ultra-processed foods impacted negatively on the intake of non-ultra-processed foods and on all nutrients linked to NCDs in Australia. Decreasing the dietary share of ultra-processed foods would substantially improve the diet quality in the country and help the population achieve recommendations on critical nutrients linked to NCDs.

Early consumption of ultra-processed foods among children under 2 years old in Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Spaniol ◽  
Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa ◽  
Amanda de Moura Souza ◽  
Muriel Bauermann Gubert
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the complementary food consumption according to the extent and purpose of food processing based on NOVA classification among children aged 6–24 months of Federal District, Brazil. Design: We performed a cross-sectional study using a 24-h recall to estimate the daily energy intake and nutrients according to NOVA classification. We conducted a linear regression to assess the association between the processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) energy intake and the daily energy intake from saturated fat, daily energy intake from total sugars and daily intake of sodium. Setting: Federal District, Brazil. Participants: Five hundred and thirty-eight children aged between 6 and 24 months attended at Primary Health Care Units from March 2017 to March 2018. Results: On average, children aged from 6 to 12 and from 12 to 24 months consumed 2393 and 4054 kJ/d, respectively, and processed and UPF represented one-third of dietary energy intake. Group 2 (processed and UPF) was higher carbohydrate contributors, and lower protein, fibre and most micronutrient contributors, when compared with Group 1 (unprocessed, minimally processed foods and processed culinary ingredients). In addition, the higher the energy intake from processed and UPF, the higher was the daily energy intake from saturated fat, daily energy intake from total sugar and daily intake of sodium. Conclusion: Children are being exposed early to processed and UPF and their share affect the diet’s nutritional quality.

The association of mycoprotein-based foods consumption with diet quality, energy intake and non-communicable diseases’ risk in the UK adult population using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) years 2008/09-2016/17: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Anna Cherta-Murillo ◽  
Gary S. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Fibre

Abstract Mycoprotein is a fungal-based ingredient rich in fibre and protein used in meat-replacement foods sold under the name of Quorn in 17 countries. Fibre and protein positively regulate glycaemia, lipidaemia, energy intake which are non-communicable diseases’ (NCDs) markers. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association of mycoprotein intake with diet quality, nutrient, energy intake and NCDs risk within UK free-living adults from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) from years 2008/09-2016/17. Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and healthy diet index (HDI) were calculated to estimate diet quality. Comparison between mycoprotein consumers (>1% kcal) and non-consumers, and associations between consumers and nutrient intakes, NCDs’ risk markers and diet quality were investigated using a survey-adjusted general linear model adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), ethnicity, socio-economic, smoking status, region of residency, total energy, energy density, HDI and non-mycoprotein fibre intake. 5507 adults were included, of which 3.44% were mycoprotein consumers and had a higher intake of dietary fibre (+22.18%,p<0.001), DASH score (+23.33%) and HDI (+8.89%) (p<0.001, both) and lower BMI (−4.77%,p=0.00) vs. non-consumers. There was an association (p=0.00) between mycoprotein consumers and diet quality scores (+0.19 and +0.26), high fibre (+3.17g), total and food energy (+3.09 and +0.22 kcal), but low energy density intakes (−0.08 kcal/g,p=0.04). Consumers were negatively associated with fasting blood glucose (−0.31 mmol/L,p=0.00), and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (−0.15%,p=0.01). In conclusion, mycoprotein intake is associated with lower glycaemic markers and energy density intake, and high fibre, energy intake and diet quality scores.

scholarly journals Differences in Danish children's diet quality on weekdays v. weekend days

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1653-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit W Rothausen ◽  
Jeppe Matthiessen ◽  
Camilla Hoppe ◽  
Per B Brockhoff ◽  
Lene F Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo compare differences in children's diet quality on weekdays (Monday–Thursday), Fridays and weekend days.DesignA representative cross-sectional study in which participants completed a 7 d pre-coded food record. Mean intakes of energy, macronutrients and selected food items (g/10 MJ) as well as energy density were compared between weekdays, Fridays and weekend days for each gender in three age groups (4–6, 7–10 and 11–14 years) using Tobit analysis to account for zero intakes.SettingThe Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity 2003–2008.SubjectsChildren (n 784; 49·9 % boys) aged 4–14 years.ResultsFor both genders in all age groups (P < 0·05), energy intake was higher during weekends than on weekdays, and intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages and white bread were higher, whereas intake of rye bread was lower. This contributed to a higher percentage of energy from added sugars, a lower fibre content and a higher energy density on weekend days v. weekdays. In children aged 4–6 and 7–10 years, the diet on weekend days was also characterized by higher intakes of sweets and chocolate and lower intakes of fruit and vegetables. Overall, the diet on Fridays appeared as a mix of the diets on weekdays and weekend days.ConclusionsSignificant differences and distinct characteristic patterns were found in children's diet quality during weekdays, Fridays and weekend days. The present study suggests that in prevention of childhood overweight and obesity, more attention should be paid to the higher energy intake, especially from sugar-rich foods and beverages, on Fridays and weekend days.

scholarly journals The habit of buying foods announced on television increases ultra-processed products intake among schoolchildren

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaela Silveira Fraga ◽  
Sarah Liduário Rocha Silva ◽  
Luana Caroline dos Santos ◽  
Luana Rosa de Oliveira Titonele ◽  
Ariene da Silva Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Processed Products

Abstract: This study aimed to verify the effects of buying television advertised food in schoolchildren eating behaviors. We performed a cross-sectional study with fourth grade students of an elementary education in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. We analyzed anthropometric data, the habit of buying television advertised food/beverages, and food consumption (two 24-hour dietary recalls). Logistic regression models were conducted and adjusted for gender, age, caloric intake, nutritional status, and social deprivation of area of residence. In total, 797 children were evaluated, the mean age was 9.81 (0.59) years, 50.7% were female, and 32.4% overweight. The prevalence of the habit of buying television advertised food was 43.1%, among which 99.3% concerned ultra-processed foods, according to the classification proposed by Monteiro et al. (2016), mainly milk beverages (12.1%), industrialized biscuits (11.5%) and candies (9.5%). The habit of buying advertised food increased the chance of consuming ultra-processed foods (OR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.06-3.46). We found no correlation between this habit and the consumption of minimally processed and processed foods (p < 0.05). This study findings may corroborate the debate on food advertising policy and the development of effective nutrition interventions among schoolchildren, which should involve integrated education bringing together children and parents.

Dietary and Nutrient Intake among Participants of a Brazilian health promotion program: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Angélica Silva ◽  
Mariana Lopes ◽  
Suellen Campos ◽  
Luana Santos ◽  
Patrícia Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The City

Abstract Objective: Developing health promotion activities, aimed at healthy food intake, is essential for improving quality of life and reducing the prevalence of chronic diseases. Thus, the objective of this study is to describe both dietary and nutrient intake, according to length of participation in a health-promotion service (Programa Academia da Saúde - PAS). Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of PAS units in vulnerable areas of the city. Dietary and nutrient intake were assessed, using the average of two 24-hour recalls. Food was categorized according to the NOVA (a systematic grouping of all foods according to the nature, extent, and purpose of the industrial processes they undergo) classification. The length of participation in PAS is presented in months, and is then examined in tertiles for analysis. Setting: Belo Horizonte – Brazil. Participants: 3,372 adults (≥ 20 years). Results: Users in the third tertile of PAS (24.4-61.6 months) experienced less energy intake, lipids, and ultra-processed foods, and more culinary preparations, compared to others. Users in the second (10.1-24.3 months) and third tertiles of PAS had higher carbohydrate intake, calcium, and vitamin C, versus those in the first tertile (0-10 months). Conclusions: Results suggest that greater participation in PAS can improve dietary and nutrient intake, showing its potential to promote healthy lifestyles, prevent chronic diseases, and offer longitudinal health care.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods, protein leverage and energy intake in the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euridice Martínez Steele ◽  
David Raubenheimer ◽  
Stephen J Simpson ◽  
Larissa Galastri Baraldi ◽  
Carlos A Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Protein Density

AbstractObjectiveExperimental studies have shown that human macronutrient regulation minimizes variation in absolute protein intake and consequently energy intake varies passively with dietary protein density (‘protein leverage’). According to the ‘protein leverage hypothesis’ (PLH), protein leverage interacts with a reduction in dietary protein density to drive energy overconsumption and obesity. Worldwide increase in consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been hypothesized to be an important determinant of dietary protein dilution, and consequently an ecological driving force of energy overconsumption and the obesity pandemic. The present study examined the relationships between dietary contribution of UPF, dietary proportional protein content and the absolute intakes of protein and energy.DesignNational representative cross-sectional study.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010.SubjectsParticipants (n 9042) aged ≥2 years with at least one day of 24 h dietary recall data.ResultsWe found a strong inverse relationship between consumption of UPF and dietary protein density, with mean protein content dropping from 18·2 to 13·3 % between the lowest and highest quintiles of dietary contribution of UPF. Consistent with the PLH, increase in the dietary contribution of UPF (previously shown to be inversely associated with protein density) was also associated with a rise in total energy intake, while absolute protein intake remained relatively constant.ConclusionsThe protein-diluting effect of UPF might be one mechanism accounting for their association with excess energy intake. Reducing UPF contribution in the US diet may be an effective way to increase its dietary protein concentration and prevent excessive energy intake.

Instagramming our way through public health communication: why and who is using it?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vareda ◽  
T Garcia ◽  
J Rachadell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background From disease prevention to health promotion, communication is key for Public Health (PH) practice and, according to the 9th Essential Public Health Operation its goal is to improve populations health literacy and capacity to access, understand and use information. Though social media is frequently presented as a potentially useful tool for PH communication, there is a lack of evidence about its effectiveness and impact on PH outcomes. This study researches Instagram® as a PH tool and aims to know who is using it, what content is shared on the platform and how much engagement there is. Methods This cross-sectional study regards information on 1000 Instagram® posts with the hashtags publichealth, publichealthpromotion, healthpromotion, publichealthmatters and publichealtheducation. Authors categorized post content and creators, and reviewed the number of likes and comments per post to determine engagement. Data analysis was performed on IBM SPSS® Statistics. Results The most common content categories were communicable diseases (n = 383), non-communicable diseases (n = 258) and healthy lifestyles (n = 143). Health professionals post more about communicable diseases (43,6%) and non-professionals about healthy lifestyles (36,1%). Non-professionals (n = 191) post about PH issues almost as much as health professionals (n = 220) and PH associations (n = 201). Most don't reference their sources (n = 821). Posts on communicable diseases have the most likes and comments per post (mean of 172 likes and 3,1 comments). Conclusions Half the Instagram® posts analysed in this study were made by health professionals or organizations. Communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and healthy lifestyles were the most frequent content categories and had the most engagement. The majority of posts didn't reference their sources. Though Instagram® seems to be a potential PH communication tool, further research is needed to confirm its benefits for PH. Key messages Social media platforms like Instagram® are potentially powerful tools for PH communication. There is a need to understand the efficacy of social media as health promotion tools.

scholarly journals Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Irwinda ◽  
Rabbania Hiksas ◽  
Aprilia Asthasari Siregar ◽  
Yudianto Budi Saroyo ◽  
Noroyono Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLong-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (LCPUFA) is essential throughout pregnancy, since deficiency of LPUFA may linked to obstetrical complications. This study aimed to investigate LCPUFA status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth. A cross sectional study was conducted in 104 pregnant women, which divided into normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia and preterm birth groups. Serum percentage and concentration of total LCPUFA, omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-6, linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Severe preeclampsia showed the highest concentration of total PUFA and the lowest DHA percentage, with significantly higher Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio (p = 0.004) and lower omega-3 index (p < 0.002) compared to control. Preterm birth showed the least omega-3 concentrations, with significantly low omega-6 derivates (LA (p = 0.014) and AA (p = 0.025)) compared to control. LCPUFA parameters have shown to increase the risk in both conditions, particularly ALA ≤ 53 µmol/L in preeclampsia with OR 5.44, 95%CI 1.16–25.42 and preterm birth with OR 4.68, 95%CI 1.52–14.38. These findings suggest that severe preeclampsia and preterm birth have an imbalance in LCPUFA status.

scholarly journals Higher Omega-3 Index Is Associated with Better Asthma Control and Lower Medication Dose: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isobel Stoodley ◽  
Manohar Garg ◽  
Hayley Scott ◽  
Lesley Macdonald-Wicks ◽  
Bronwyn Berthon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, associated with systemic inflammation. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have established anti-inflammatory effects, thus having potential as an adjunct therapy in asthma. This study aimed to compare erythrocyte n-3 PUFA in adults with (n = 255) and without (n = 137) asthma and determine the relationship between erythrocyte n-3 PUFA and clinical asthma outcomes. Subjects had blood collected, lung function measured and Juniper Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score calculated. Fatty acids were measured in erythrocyte membranes by gas chromatography, and the omega-3 index (O3I) was calculated (% eicosapentaenoic acid + % docosahexaenoic acid). O3I was similar in subjects with and without asthma (p = 0.089). A higher O3I was observed in subjects with controlled or partially controlled asthma (ACQ < 1.5) compared to subjects with uncontrolled asthma (ACQ ≥ 1.5) (6.0% (5.4–7.2) versus 5.6% (4.6–6.4) p = 0.033). Subjects with a high O3I (≥8%) had a lower maintenance dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) compared to those with a low O3I (<8%) (1000 μg (400–1000) versus 1000 μg (500–2000) p = 0.019). This study demonstrates that a higher O3I is associated with better asthma control and with lower ICS dose, suggesting that a higher erythrocyte n-3 PUFA level may have a role in asthma management.

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