scholarly journals An analysis of urine and serum amino acids in critically ill patients upon admission by means of targeted LC–MS/MS: a preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mierzchała-Pasierb ◽  
Małgorzata Lipińska-Gediga ◽  
Mariusz G. Fleszar ◽  
Łukasz Lewandowski ◽  
Paweł Serek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Electrospray Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Amino Acids ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractSepsis, defined as a dysregulated host response to infection, causes the interruption of homeostasis resulting in metabolic changes. An examination of patient metabolites, such as amino acids, during the early stage of sepsis may facilitate diagnosing and assessing the severity of the sepsis. The aim of this study was to compare patterns of urine and serum amino acids relative to sepsis, septic shock and survival. Urine and serum samples were obtained from healthy volunteers (n = 15) once or patients (n = 15) within 24 h of a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock. Concentrations of 25 amino acids were measured in urine and serum samples with liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. On admission in the whole cohort, AAA, ABA, mHis, APA, Gly-Pro and tPro concentrations were significantly lower in the serum than in the urine and Arg, Gly, His, hPro, Leu, Ile, Lys, Orn, Phe, Sarc, Thr, Tyr, Asn and Gln were significantly higher in the serum than in the urine. The urine Gly-Pro concentration was significantly higher in septic shock than in sepsis. The serum Cit concentration was significantly lower in septic shock than in sepsis. The urine ABA, mHis and Gly-Pro, and serum Arg, hPro and Orn concentrations were over two-fold higher in the septic group compared to the control group. Urine and serum amino acids measured in septic patients on admission to the ICU may shed light on a patient’s metabolic condition during sepsis or septic shock.

scholarly journals IRW and IQW Reduce Colitis-Associated Cancer Risk by Alleviating DSS-Induced Colonic Inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ma ◽  
Hongmei Jiang ◽  
Jun Fang ◽  
Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Amino Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background and Objective. Bioactive peptides exert great influence in animals and human health by targeting gastrointestinal tracts. The colitis model of mice was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Thirty-two 8-week-old mice weighing 23 g on average were randomly assigned to four groups of 8 each: mice fed basal diet (CON), mice fed basal diet with 5% DSS (DSS), mice fed 0.03% IRW with 5% DSS (IRW-DSS), and mice fed 0.03% IRW with 5% DSS (IQW-DSS). After an adaptation period of 3 days, on day 8, all mice were slaughtered. Serum samples were collected to determine the level of amino acids; colonic tissue was quick-frozen for the determination of gene expression. Methods. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of two kinds of peptides (IRW and IQW) to repair intestinal inflammatory in the DSS-induced model in accordance with serum amino acids and intestinal inflammatory factors. Results. The results demonstrated that the addition of IRW and IQW had a mitigating effect on DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. The level of Asp decreased in the serum of mice supplemented with IRW-DSS (P<0.05), and IQW enhanced the level of Leu, but lowered the level of Ser (P<0.05). IQW and IRW addition reduced the level of TNF-α and IL-17 (P<0.05). No other significant effects were observed. Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that intracolic administration of IRW and IQW might be a novel option for preventing inflammatory bowel disease via regulating the level of serum amino acid and enhancing the intestinal immune defense.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A and IMA as Biomarkers for the Early Stage of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén G Sánchez ◽  
Jose M Gasalla ◽  
Manuel Sanchez-Chapado ◽  
Alicia Bort ◽  
Ines Diaz-Laviada
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples

Abstract BackgroundThis study has been undertaken with the urgent need for exploring reliable biomarkers for early infection of SARS-CoV-2. We performed a retrospective study analyzing the serum levels of the cardiovascular biomarkers N-terminal pro-B natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) and pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), in 84 patients with COVID-19. MethodsPatients were divided in three groups according to their RT-qPCR and IgG values in acute infection (n=35), early infection (n=25) or control subjects (n=24). Levels of biomarkers were analyzed in patient’s serum samples by commercially available ELISA kits.ResultsMultivariate analysis and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve showed that IMA and PAPP-A, had an excellent discrimination value for the early stage of COVID-19. Serum levels of IMA in early SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were significantly higher than in the control group with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of 0.94 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.881- 0.999). Likewise, the serum level of PAPP-A was significantly higher in patients with early infection than in controls [AUC = 0.801 (95% CI: 0.673–0.929)]. The combined use of IMA and PAPP-A enhanced the sensitivity for total SARS-CoV-2 infected patients to 93%. ConclusionsThese results suggest that the levels of PAPP-A and IMA might be used as efficient biomarkers for the early stage of COVID-19 with high sensitivity and specificity. Importantly, when monitoring pregnancy and cardiovascular diseases by PAPP-A or IMA levels, an infection by SARS-CoV-2 should be discarded for proper interpretation of the results.

Altered profiles of serum amino acids in patients with sepsis and septic shock – Preliminary findings

2020 ◽  
Vol 691 ◽  
pp. 108508
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mierzchala-Pasierb ◽  
Malgorzata Lipinska-Gediga ◽  
Mariusz G. Fleszar ◽  
Patrycja Lesnik ◽  
Sylwia Placzkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Serum Amino Acids ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

scholarly journals Reduction of Inflammatory C3 and C4 Complement Proteins in Severe COVID-19 Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ghazavi ◽  
Ghasem Mosayebi ◽  
Nafiesh Keshavarzian ◽  
Somayeh Rabiemajd ◽  
Ali Ganji
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Complement Proteins ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Background: The complement system, consisting of more than 20 soluble proteins, has a key role in innate immunity and inflammation that eliminates pathogens and viral infections. Therefore, we investigated the titer of C3, C4, and total IgG in the serum of the non-severe and severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: For this purpose, peripheral blood samples were collected from 30 non-sever, 30 severe COVID-19 patients, and 30 healthy individuals with similar age and sex as the control group. The amount of total IgG, C3, and C4 were analyzed in the serum samples. Also, white blood cells, platelets (PLTs), and lymphocytes were counted by the auto-analyzer. Results: White blood cells had no difference between patients and control groups. The results showed a significant decrease in lymphocyte and PLTs in COVID-19 patients compare to control. Complement proteins including C3 and C4 were increased in non-severe COVID-19 patients than the other groups. Total IgG showed a notable decrease in severe patients. In conclusion, the level of C3 and C4 complement proteins were increased in non-severe-COVID-19 patients; however, in the severe COVID-19 patients their concentrations were decreased. Conclusion: However, inflammatory C3 and C4 complement factors increase in non-severe COVID-19, it decreased in the severe patients that may be because of more consumption by the formation of the immune complex. These results can shed light on the inflammatory role of C3 and C4 proteins in various phases of the disease and could provide a basis for further exploration of the pathophysiological significance and can suggest them for specific interventions.

scholarly journals Soluble CD163 as a Potential Biomarker in Systemic Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Frantz ◽  
Sonia Pezet ◽  
Jerome Avouac ◽  
Yannick Allanore
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective. To evaluate the performance of serum and urinary sCD163 concentrations as possible biomarker in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods. Urine and serum samples were obtained from SSc patients and age- and sex-matched controls. Serum and urinary sCD163 concentrations were measured by commercially available ELISA kit. SSc patients were assessed following international guidelines. Cross-sectional analyses were performed. Results. Two hundred and three SSc patients were included. The control group consisted of 47 age- and sex-matched patients having noninflammatory diseases, mainly osteoporosis. Serum sCD163 levels were significantly higher in SSc patients compared with controls (mean ± SD: 529 ± 251 versus 385 ± 153 ng/mL; p<0.001). Urinary sCD163 concentrations were higher in SSc patients than controls, but this did not reach significance (236 ± 498 versus 176 ± 173 ng/mg uCr; p=0.580). The sCD163 concentrations were not associated with clinical, laboratory, and instrumental characteristics of SSc patients. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of both serum and urinary sCD163 levels in SSc. Our results show a significant difference for sera values that should be prioritized for further studies as compared to urinary measurements. Our results further support that the M2 macrophages/CD163 signaling system may play a role in the pathogenesis of SSc, although we could not identify a subset of SSc patients with higher concentrations.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Serum Glycopeptide Spectra Analysis (CSGSA): A Potential New Tool for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Hayashi ◽  
Koji Matsuo ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanabe ◽  
Masae Ikeda ◽  
Mariko Miyazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Validation Parameters

Objectives: To conduct a comprehensive glycopeptide spectra analysis of serum between cancer and non-cancer patients to identify early biomarkers of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: Approximately 30,000 glycopeptide peaks were detected from the digested serum glycoproteins of 39 EOC patients (23 early-stage, 16 advanced-stage) and 45 non-cancer patients (27 leiomyoma and ovarian cyst cases, 18 endometrioma cases) by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The differential glycopeptide peak spectra were analyzed to distinguish between cancer and non-cancer groups by employing multivariate analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and heat maps. Results: Examined spectral peaks were filtered down to 2281 serum quantitative glycopeptide signatures for differentiation between ovarian cancer and controls using multivariate analysis. The OPLS-DA model using cross-validation parameters R2 and Q2 and score plots of the serum samples significantly differentiated the EOC group from the non-cancer control group. In addition, women with early-stage clear cell carcinoma and endometriomas were clearly distinguished from each other by OPLS-DA as well as by PCA and heat maps. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the potential of comprehensive serum glycoprotein analysis as a useful tool for ovarian cancer detection.

scholarly journals Expression Profile of Micrornas (106b-3p, 130b-3, 145-3p and 199a-5p) in Urine and Serum Samples From Patients With the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kutwin ◽  
Edyta Marta Borkowska ◽  
Paulina Bogucka ◽  
Zbigniew Jablonowski
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Mirna 106B ◽  
Urine And Serum

Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, single stranded, non-coding RNAs that play an important role in controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional stage. There is no bladder cancer marker that has been approved as an alternative for diagnostic cystoscopy and urine cytology so far, thus research for alternative, more sensitive, and less invasive methods of bladder cancer detection are being made. The aim of the study was to compare the relative expression levels of miRNAs in patients with bladder cancer.Materials and methods Urine and serum samples were collected from patients with the diagnosis of bladder cancer (NMIBC 71%, MIBC 29%). We assessed expression of 4 miRNAs (106b-3p, 130b-3, 145-3p and 199a-5p) using real-time PCR and double delta (ΔΔCt) method. The analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Results miRNA 145-3p was significantly underexpressed in urine (p=0,0111) comparing with control group, whereas in serum we did not find relevant differences between groups (p=0,0903). Overexpression was observed for miRNA 199a-5p tested in urine (p=0,0262) and for miRNA 106b-3p for both urine and serum (p=0,0262 and p=0,0149 respectively) . For miR-130b-3 we did not find statistically significant differences neither for urine (p=0,6335) nor serum (p=0,2443).Conclusions A correlation between the relative levels of expression for miRNA 106b-3p, 199a-5p and miRNA 145-3p was detected. We also observed differences between the results obtained for urine and serum. In the content of urinary cancers diagnosis urine seems to be more useful material than serum. We plan to continue our studies assessing expression levels of miRNA 106b-3.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Identified HSC71 as a Novel Serum Biomarker for Renal Cell Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushi Zhang ◽  
Yi Cai ◽  
Hongyan Yu ◽  
Hanzhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urologic cancers and about 80% of RCC are of the clear-cell type (ccRCC). However, there are no serum biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis of RCC. In this study, we performed a quantitative proteomic analysis on serum samples from ccRCC patients and control group by using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling and LC-MS/MS analysis to access differentially expressed proteins. Overall, 16 proteins were significantly upregulated (ratio > 1.5) and 14 proteins were significantly downregulated (ratio < 0.67) in early-stage ccRCC compared to control group. HSC71 was selected and subsequently validated by Western blot in six independent sets of patients. ELISA subsequently confirmed HSC71 as a potential serum biomarker for distinguishing RCC from benign urologic disease with an operating characteristic curve (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76~0.96), achieving sensitivity of 87% (95% CI 69%~96%) at a specificity of 80% (95% CI 61~92%) with a threshold of 15 ng/mL. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis led to identification of serum HSC71 as a novel serum biomarker of RCC, particularly useful in early diagnosis of ccRCC.

scholarly journals Dietary intake of cod protein beneficially affects concentrations of urinary markers of kidney function and results in lower urinary loss of amino acids in obese Zucker fa/fa rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslaug Drotningsvik ◽  
Øivind Midttun ◽  
Adrian McCann ◽  
Per Magne Ueland ◽  
Ingmar Høgøy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Utilisation ◽  
Developing Kidney

AbstractObesity increases the risk for developing kidney disease, and protection of kidneys through changes in diet should be investigated. Fish intake has been associated with reduced risk of developing kidney disease; therefore, we wanted to investigate whether cod protein intake could prevent or delay the development of kidney damage in an obese rat model that spontaneously develops proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The aim of the study was to investigate any effects of cod protein intake on established markers of kidney function, amino acid composition, protein utilisation and growth in obese Zucker fa/fa rats in the early stage of decreased renal function. Male obese Zucker fa/fa rats (HsdOla:Zucker-Lepr) were fed cod muscle proteins in an amount corresponding to 25 % of dietary protein, with the remaining protein from a casein/whey mixture (COD diet). A control group was fed a diet with a casein/whey mixture as the only protein source (CAS diet). The intervention started when rats were 9–10 weeks old, and the rats were fed these diets for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, rats fed the COD diet had lower urine concentration of cystatin C, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-1 (TIM-1), amino acids, carbamide, uric acid and ammonium and higher concentrations of creatine, trimethylamine N-oxide, 1-methylhistidine and 3-methylhistidine, lower kidney concentration of TIM-1 and showed better growth when compared with the CAS group. To conclude, cod protein may have the potential to delay the development of kidney damage in young obese Zucker rats and to improve protein utilisation and growth.

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