scholarly journals The biological treatment method for landfill leachate

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Siti Ilhami Firiyal Imtinan ◽  
P. Purwanto ◽  
Bambang Yulianto

Currently, waste generation in Indonesia is increasing; the amount of waste generated in a year is around 67.8 million tons. Increasing the amount of waste generation can cause other problems, namely water from the decay of waste called leachate. Leachate can contaminate surface water, groundwater, or soil if it is streamed directly into the environment without treatment. Between physical and chemical, biological methods, and leachate transfer, the most effective treatment is the biological method. The purpose of this article is to understand the biological method for leachate treatment in landfills. It can be concluded that each method has different treatment results because it depends on the leachate characteristics and the treatment method. These biological methods used to treat leachate, even with various leachate characteristics, also can be combined to produce effluent from leachate treatment below the established standards.

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J.L. Forgie

Abstract This paper presents a review of North American and European literature concerning the physical and chemical characteristics of leachate and the biological treatment methods that have been used or could be used to treat leachate. Leachate characteristics of particular interest include five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) , chemical oxygen demand (COD), the BOD5/COD ratio, molecular weight and or size of the organics, volatile fatty acids (VFA’s), ammonia and metals. It is demonstrated that biological leachate treatment is most appropriate when the BOD5/COD ratio is high (i.e. > 0.4) and the molecular weight of the majority of the organics is less than 500 g/mole. Tables summarizing the various biological leachate treatment process loading rates are presented. This paper serves as the basis for two companion papers: ”Selection of the Most Appropriate Leachate Treatment Methods, PART 2 : A Review of Recirculation, Irrigation and Potential Physical-Chemical Treatment Methods” and “Selection of the Most Appropriate Leachate Treatment Methods, PART 3: A Decision Model for Treatment Train Selection”.


Author(s):  
М.А. Пашкевич ◽  
М.А. Коротаева

Деятельность горнодобывающих предприятий неотрывно сопряжена с ведением взрывных работ. В настоящее время наиболее распространенными взрывчатыми веществами являются эмульсионные взрывчатые вещества, граммониты, амоналы, аммониты и другие взрывчатые вещества, содержащие нитрат аммония, который в процессе взрывания переходит в сточные воды в форме нитрат- и нитрит-ионов, а также ионов аммония. Превышение предельно допустимой концентрации азотных соединений в водных объектах может приводить к эвтрофикации. В результате данного процесса происходит нарушение экологического баланса водоемов, а именно увеличение численности различных гидробионтов, уменьшение прозрачности воды и содержания растворенного кислорода. Помимо этого в водоемах осуществляется преобразование нитратной формы азота в нитритную, которая негативно воздействует на нервную и сердечно-сосудистую системы человека при употреблении воды из такого водоема. На данный момент существуют физико-химические, химические и биологические методы очистки вод от азотных соединений. Использование каждого из перечисленных методов обуславливается параметрами карьерных сточных вод и требованиями, предъявляемыми к качеству очистки. Цель работы. Целью работы является обзор методов биологической очистки, которые могут применяться для удаления соединений азота из карьерных сточных вод, а также определение наиболее перспективного метода при условии большого объема образования карьерных сточных вод. Методы исследования. Методы исследования включают в себя анализ и сравнение биологических методов очистки, которые могут использоваться для удаления азотных соединений из образующихся сточных вод в карьере. Результаты работы. Рассмотрены различные виды процессов и систем, включая процесс нитрификации и денитрификации, Anammox-процесс, фито-очистные системы, биоплато, биопруды и системы микроводорослей. Приведены факторы, влияющие на эффективность работы данных процессов и систем, а также дана сравнительная характеристика с выделением достоинств и недостатков каждого из них. Наиболее предпочтительным методом биологической очистки большого объема образующихся карьерных сточных вод признан метод комплексной очистки по типу constructedwetlands с комплексным применением видов высшей и низшей растительности. The activities of mining enterprises are inextricably linked with the conduct of blasting operations. Currently, the most common explosives are emulsion explosives, grammonites, amons, ammonites and other explosives containing ammonium nitrate, which, during the blasting process, passes into wastewater in the form of nitrate and nitrite ions, as well as ammonium ions. Exceeding the maximum permissible concentration of nitrogen compounds in water bodies can lead to eutrophication. As a result of this process, there is a violation of the ecological balance of reservoirs, as well as an increase in the number of various hydrobionts, a decrease in the transparency of water and the content of dissolved oxygen. In addition, the nitrate form of nitrogen is converted into nitrite in reservoirs, which negatively affects the nervous and cardiovascular system of a person when drinking water from such a reservoir. At the moment, there are physico-chemical, chemical and biological methods of water treatment from nitrogen. The use of each of these methods is determined by parameters of quarry wastewater and the requirements for treatment quality. Aim. The aim of the work is to review the methods of biological purification that are used for nitrogen compounds from quarry wastewater. Methods. The research methods include the analysis and comparison of biological treatment methods. Results. The factors affecting the efficiency of these processes and systems are presented, as well as these comparative characteristics, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. The most preferred biological treatment method of a large volume of formed quarry wastewater is the recognized methods of complex treatment according to the type of constructed wetlands with the complex use of higher and lower plant species.


Author(s):  
Aisha Zaman ◽  
Papita Das ◽  
Priya Banerjee

Water contamination due to dyes has drawn increased attention. Dyes in water bodies are greatly perceptible and pose tremendous threat to ecosystem. Thus removal of such dye molecules is a matter of concern. In the past various physical and chemical techniques have been employed for the removal of colour from wastewater. However most of these methods have certain drawbacks. Biological treatment is often efficient and economical. Many microorganisms are able to accumulate and degrade different pollutants. Yet even the biological methods have some shortcomings such as toxicity of biodegradation products and more.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Khairnar ◽  
Preeti Pal ◽  
Rajshree H. Chandekar ◽  
Waman N. Paunikar

Activated sludge plants (ASP) are associated with the stable foaming problem worldwide. Apart from the physical and chemical treatment methods, biological treatment method has been least explored and may prove to be a novel and ecofriendly approach to tackle the problem of stable foam formation. In ASP Nocardia species are commonly found and are one of the major causes for forming sticky and stable foam. This study describes the isolation and characterization of three Nocardia bacteriophages NOC1, NOC2, and NOC3 for the control of Nocardia species. The bacteriophages isolated in this study have shown promising results in controlling foam producing bacterial growth under laboratory conditions, suggesting that it may prove useful in the field as an alternative biocontrol agent to reduce the foaming problem. To the best of our knowledge to date no work has been published from India related to biological approach for the control of foaming.


Author(s):  
Geetanjali Singh ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Rishabha Malviya

Aim/Objective: The author writes the manuscript by reviewing the literatures related to the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles. The term metal nanoparticles are used to describe the nanosized metals with the dimension within the size range of 1-100 nm. Methods: The preparation of metallic nanoparticles and their application is an influential area for research. Among various physical and chemical methods (viz. chemical reduction, thermal decomposition, etc.) for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, biological methods have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is having many problems inclusive of solvent toxicity, the formation of hazardous byproducts and consumption of energy. So it is important to design eco-friendly benign procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Results: From the literature survey, we concluded that metallic nanoparticles have applications in the treatment of different diseases. Metallic nanoparticles are having a great advantage in the detection of cancer, diagnosis, and therapy. And it can also have properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-angiogenic. Conclusion: In this review, recent upcoming advancement of biomedical application of nanotechnology and their future challenges has been discussed.


2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (07) ◽  
pp. 1450056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Lin Cai ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yi-Han Zhang ◽  
Chang-Jian Zhou ◽  
Cang-Ran Guo ◽  
...  

In this paper, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensor with gold delay area on LiNbO 3 substrate detecting DNA sequences is proposed. By well-designed device parameters of the SAW sensor, it achieves a high performance for highly sensitive detection of target DNA. In addition, an effective biological treatment method for DNA immobilization and abundant experimental verification of the sensing effect have made it a reliable device in DNA detection. The loading mass of the probe and target DNA sequences is obtained from the frequency shifts, which are big enough in this work due to an effective biological treatment. The experimental results show that the biosensor has a high sensitivity of 1.2 pg/ml/Hz and high selectivity characteristic is also verified by the few responses of other substances. In combination with wireless transceiver, we develop a wireless receiving and processing system that can directly display the detection results.


2014 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 713-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dan Zhou ◽  
Miao Sun ◽  
Li Juan Wang ◽  
Guan Nan Xi

The sources and composition of electroplating waste water are summarized. The common wastewater treatment technology, such as physical and chemical method, physic-chemical process, biological treatment and electrochemical method, and so on. Then the vision for the development of electroplating wastewater treatment technology is made.


2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Xiu Ju Duan ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Ya Li Liu

This thesis put forward the treatment concept of “without Biomass Retention Sequential Batch Intensified Pretreatment (WSIP)” in leachate treatment, for sake of improving performance of nitrogen removal, optimizing excess water’s nutritional ratio and benefitting the follow-up aerobic biological treatment. Based on orthogonal experiment of WSIP Reactor’s leachate treatment performance, Conclusions can be drew: the removal performance of ammonia nitrogen and TN is higher of WSIP, in which short-cut nitrification and denitrification can be realized; HRT, DO and sequential period are remarkable factors of ammonia removal performance, TN removal performance and realization of short-cut nitrification and denitrification; In normal temperature, the most perfect functional parameter of WSIP Reactor is: HRT=4d, DO=0.75mg/L and sequential period is 6h.


Author(s):  
Asea Timus ◽  
N. Croitoru

Every year, the demand of ecological products in the world is increasing more and more. Republic of Moldova also aspires to expand the areas of agricultural crops to get production with the "ecological" status. The sweet corn, is one of these cultures and every year the areas increase. However, because of the considerable develop of harmful insects on cultural fields, the damage reaches up to 15-20 % and more it is necessary to take measures of struggle. One of these, is a biological method and in this case it has appeared effective. For the period of sweet corn cultivation, excepting for the technology observance of cultivation of the given culture, there have been used biological methods of struggle against harmful insects. Depending on climatic conditions of each zone of the country where it is grown up this culture, different species of harmful insects develop. In R. Moldova, begining with year 2000, have been registered the following harmful species of insects on sweet corn: Aphis spp. (Aphididae); Agrotis spp. (Elateridae); Blaps halophila Fisch. (Tenebrionidae); Phylotreta spp. (Chrysomelidae); Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Noctuidae) Ostrinia nubilalis Hb. (Pyraustidae). The constant useful fauna which develops due to these harmful species is: Nabis spp. (Miridae); Chrysopa spp., (Chrysopidae); Coccinella spp. (Coccinelidae) and others. That is why, annually are let out individuals from species Trichogramma evanescens W., to reduce the number of harmful species H. armigera Hubner. This species annually damages on different cultures, including on sweet corn. The results on released trichogrammas in 2005, for struggle against harmful species H. armigera Hubner, are presented in this work.


Author(s):  
Amin Mojiri ◽  
Siti Fatihah Binti Ramli ◽  
Wan Izatul Saadiah Binti Wan Kamar

Leachate is created while water penetrates through the waste in a landfill, carrying some forms of pollutants. The goal of this chapter is the introduction to leachate treatment. Biological, physical, and chemical treatments of leachate are the most common methods. The biological techniques in leachate treatment are studied. The physical-chemical ways for landfill leachate treatment like chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation, coagulation–flocculation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, adsorption and electrochemical treatment are studied. The landfill leachate properties, technical applicability and constraints, effluent discharge alternatives, cost-effectiveness, regulatory requirements and environmental impact are important factors for selection of the most suitable treatment technique for landfill leachate treatment.


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