Oxidative DNA Damage and NOX4 Levels in Children with Undescended Testes

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veli Avci ◽  
Kemal Ayengin ◽  
Hamit Hakan Alp
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

Background Undescended testis (UDT) is a common urological disorder. Patients with UDT have a risk of malignancy and infertility. The development of these conditions may be due to oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these parameters by detecting oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine/106 deoxyguanosine), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) levels in children with UDT and healthy control group. Materials and Methods The blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with UDT and 40 healthy male subjects. The levels of oxidative DNA damage were detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography method. We used commercially available kits that use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to measure IMA, MDA, and NOX4 levels. Results The levels of MDA, IMA, NOX4, and oxidative DNA damage in children with UDT were statistically significantly higher than control group. In addition, we found that the levels of NOX4, IMA, and oxidative DNA damage after 12 months of age was significantly higher than before 12 months of age. Conclusion We identified increased lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage, IMA, and NOX4 levels in children with UDT. Delay in the treatment of UDT may cause oxidative damage. That is why, according to us the antioxidant treatment may be beneficial in children with UDT.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ellagic Acid on Paraoxanase - 1 Activity and DNA Damage in Acute Exercise

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ersan Kara ◽  
Funda Karabağ Çoban ◽  
Mustafa Akıl ◽  
Recep Liman ◽  
İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Experimental Animals

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between exhaustive and intensive exercise with changes in paraoxonase-1 enzyme activity, oxidative DNA damage and the role of ellagic acid against possible damage. The study was carried out on 32 male and adult Spraque - Dawley rats at the Experimental Animal Research and Research Center of Afyon Kocatepe University. The experimental animals were equally divided into four groups. Swimming exercises were performed as acute exercises for once and experimental animals are made to swim in groups including two rats following the completion of the study and before the decapitation. At the end of the experiment, obtained blood samples; Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-HydroxyGuanine (8-OhdG) levels were measured to determine DNA damage and DNA damage was assessed by Comet Assay method. As a result, PON-1 levels in rats with intense swimming training were found to be significantly lower (p <0.05) than the control group. MDA and (8-OhdG) levels were significantly higher in the swimming group than in the control group (p <0.05). As to the DNA damage determination by COMET analysis, DNA damage was observed in the swimming groups according to the control groups. When the ellagic acid groups were compared with the swimming groups, there was a significant increase in PON-1 levels, and the levels of MDA and (8-OhdG) were significantly lower than the swimming groups. The DNA damage was also found to be low in these groups.

scholarly journals Effect of Imidocarb Application on Oxidative DNA Damage Caused by Anaplasmosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2308-2311
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cihat Öner ◽  
Adnan Ayan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Before And After

This study was aimed to evaluate DNA fragmentation by using Comet assay in naturally infected sheep with Anaplasmosis before and after treatment with the Comet method, which shows DNA damage specifically. In the study, blood samples were collected from 10 Anaplosmosis infected and 10 healthy sheep. The anaplosmosis was diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms. The infection was confirmed by Giemsa staining. The blood was collected from control group and infected group before and after the treatment, from the vena jugularis with the appropriate method. The DNA fragmentation was checked by using the Comet assay of blood cells. The data were analysed throught ANNOVA one-way. The result showed higher DNA fragmentation in sick animals diagnosed with anaplasmosis; tail length and tail moment values were found to be statistically significantly higher than the control group. When the data obtained after imidocarb (IMD) application were compared with obtained during the disease, a decreased DNA damage and tail moment was determined, however, these values higher than control. In this study, DNA damage and the extent of this damage were investigated by the Comet assay method using a healthy control group before and after treatment in animals with Anaplasmosis. When the findings obtained from the study were evaluated, it was seen that Anaplasma agents caused DNA damage and with the imidocarb application given for treatment, DNA damage was reduced and results close to healthy individuals were obtained.

Evaluation of plasma VEGF and sVEGFR-1 levels in patients with diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Ismail Erturk ◽  
Erdim Sertoglu ◽  
Fatih Yesildal ◽  
Ramazan Acar ◽  
Kenan Saglam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial chronic disease, in which patients need to be treated with insulin in some conditions. Capillary growth is regulated by growth factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endogenous inhibitors such as the splice variant of VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1). We aimed to show the levels and the clinical significance of VEGF, sVEGFR-1 in patients with DM on insulin treatment. Materials and methods A total of 83 subjects consisting of patients with the diagnosis of DM (n=47) and healthy control (n=36) were included the study. Plasma levels of VEGF and sVEGFR-1, were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results The average sVEGFR-1 levels of DM group was significantly higher than the control group (0.106±0.052 and 0.073±0.049, respectively; p=0.005). Significantly lower sVEGFR-1 levels were determined in patients receiving metformin vs. without metformin using (0.065±0.016 and 0.118±0.053, respectively; p=0.001). Conclusion This is the first study evaluating and demonstrating the importance of plasma VEGF and sVEGFR-1 levels together in DM patients receiving insulin. Using metformin may have positive effect on angiogenesis in DM. Further studies are required to understand these effects.

scholarly journals Amelioration on oxidative stress, testosterone, and cortisol levels after administration of Vitamins C and E in albino rats with chronic variable stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Nanik Hidayatik ◽  
Agus Purnomo ◽  
Faisal Fikri ◽  
Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Body Weight Data ◽  
Chronic Variable Stress ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

Background and Aim: Stress can cause physiological and biological disorders in the body. On the other hand, antioxidants from vitamins and minerals are effective for stress treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the administration of Vitamins C and E on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), testosterone, and cortisol activity in albino rats with chronic variable stress (CVS). Materials and Methods: Twenty albino rats were randomly assigned into four treatment groups: C was administered normal saline; T1 was administered Vitamins C and E; T2 was only induced CVS; and T3 was induced CVS followed by Vitamins C and E administration. All treatments were applied for 4 weeks, respectively. Furthermore, 5 mL of blood samples were collected intracardially. Body weight data were collected for the initial and final weights. From serum samples, SOD, GPx, and CAT were measured using the enzymol method; MDA was measured using the high-performance liquid chromatography method; and testosterone and cortisol were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. All variables were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed by the Duncan test (p<0.05). Results: Our findings showed that the T1 and T3 groups significantly decreased (p<0.001) compared to T2 in the following parameters: SOD, MDA, GPx, and cortisol. Meanwhile, CAT and testosterone levels in the T1 and T3 groups were significantly increased (p<0.001) compared to the T2 group. In addition, the weight gain in T1 and T3 groups was significantly increased (p<0.001) compared to T2 group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of Vitamins C and E had a significant effect to alleviate SOD, MDA, GPx, and cortisol and to improve the testosterone level in albino rats with CVS.

scholarly journals Effect of Coal Dust Exposure on the SOD Activity and the Oxidative DNA Damage in Asthmatic Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-66
Author(s):  
Windy Yuliana Budianto ◽  
Husnul Khotimah ◽  
Eko Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity

BACKGROUND: Coal dust is known to trigger hypersensitivity and inflammation of the respiratory tract as it increases oxidative stress leading to asthma. To date, the relationship of coal dust exposure in the pathomechanism of asthma remains unclear. This study was aimed to examine the effect of coal dust exposure on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the oxidative DNA damage indicated by increased serum 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in asthmatic mice.METHODS: Twenty-four female balb/c mice were divided into four groups. The first group was the control group. The second group was the negative control group which composed of mice exposed to coal dust particles. The third group was composed of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. The fourth group was composed of OVA-sensitized mice and exposed to coal dust particles. The inflammatory process was identified by serum interleukin (IL)-13 concentration using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress was examined by measuring the SOD activity using the Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) method, and the 8-OHdG concentration was quantified by ELISA method.RESULTS: There was an increasing IL-13 in OVAtreated coal dust exposed group along with the increment of 8-OHdG (statistically not significant). SOD activity measured in serum was decreased in all groups (p>0.05). Combination of OVA and coal dust showed the worst effect on IL-13, 8-OHdG and SOD activity.CONCLUSION: Coal dust exposure for four weeks does not adequately induce the oxidative DNA damage in asthmatic mice.KEYWORDS: asthma, coal dust, IL-13, SOD, 8-OHdG

scholarly journals Potential Use of Poly-N-Acetyl-β-(1,6)-Glucosamine as an Antigen for Diagnosis of Staphylococcal Orthopedic-Prosthesis-Related Infections

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1609-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Sadovskaya ◽  
Stéphanie Faure ◽  
Denis Watier ◽  
Damien Leterme ◽  
Ali Chokr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Orthopedic Prosthesis ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are microorganisms most frequently isolated from orthopedic-implant-associated infections. Their capacity to maintain these infections is thought to be related to their ability to form adherent biofilms. Poly-N-acetyl-β-(1,6)-glucosamine (PNAG) is an important constituent of the extracellular biofilm matrix of staphylococci. In the present study, we explored the possibility of using PNAG as an antigen for detecting antibodies in the blood sera of patients with staphylococcal orthopedic-prosthesis-associated infections. First, we tested the presence of anti-PNAG antibodies in an animal model, in the blood sera of guinea pigs that developed an implant-associated infection caused by biofilm-forming, PNAG-producing strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Animals infected with S. epidermidis RP62A showed levels of anti-PNAG immunoglobulin G (IgG) significantly higher than those of the control group. The comparative study of healthy individuals and patients with staphylococcal prosthesis-related infections showed that (i) relatively high levels of anti-PNAG IgG were present in the blood sera of the healthy control group, (ii) the corresponding levels in the infected patients were slightly but not significantly higher, and (iii) only 1 of 10 patients had a level of anti-PNAG IgM significantly higher than that of the control group. In conclusion, the encouraging results obtained in the animal study could not be readily applied for the diagnosis of staphylococcal orthopedic-prosthesis-related infections in humans, and PNAG does not seem to be an appropriate antigen for this purpose. Further studies are necessary to determine whether the developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method could serve as a complementary test in the individual follow-up treatment of such infections caused by PNAG-producing staphylococci.

scholarly journals Obesity, oxidative DNA damage and vitamin D as predictors of genomic instability in children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonisah Usman ◽  
Maria Woloshynowych ◽  
Jessica Carrilho Britto ◽  
Ivona Bilkevic ◽  
Bethany Glassar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Background/objectives Epidemiological evidence indicates obesity in childhood and adolescence to be an independent risk factor for cancer and premature mortality in adulthood. Pathological implications from excess adiposity may begin early in life. Obesity is concurrent with a state of chronic inflammation, a well-known aetiological factor for DNA damage. In addition, obesity has been associated with micro-nutritional deficiencies. Vitamin D has attracted attention for its anti-inflammatory properties and role in genomic integrity and stability. The aim of this study was to determine a novel approach for predicting genomic instability via the combined assessment of adiposity, DNA damage, systemic inflammation, and vitamin D status. Subjects/methods We carried out a cross-sectional study with 132 participants, aged 10–18, recruited from schools and paediatric obesity clinics in London. Anthropometric assessments included BMI Z-score, waist and hip circumference, and body fat percentage via bioelectrical impedance. Inflammation and vitamin D levels in saliva were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxidative DNA damage was determined via quantification of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in urine. Exfoliated cells from the oral cavity were scored for genomic instability via the buccal cytome assay. Results As expected, comparisons between participants with obesity and normal range BMI showed significant differences in anthropometric measures (p < 0.001). Significant differences were also observed in some measures of genomic instability (p < 0.001). When examining relationships between variables for all participants, markers of adiposity positively correlated with acquired oxidative DNA damage (p < 0.01) and genomic instability (p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with vitamin D (p < 0.01). Multiple regression analyses identified obesity (p < 0.001), vitamin D (p < 0.001), and oxidative DNA damage (p < 0.05) as the three significant predictors of genomic instability. Conclusions Obesity, oxidative DNA damage, and vitamin D deficiency are significant predictors of genomic instability. Non-invasive biomonitoring and predictive modelling of genomic instability in young patients with obesity may contribute to the prioritisation and severity of clinical intervention measures.

scholarly journals Glycyrrhizin Attenuates Carcinogenesis by Inhibiting the Inflammatory Response in a Murine Model of Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2609
Author(s):  
Guifeng Wang ◽  
Keiichi Hiramoto ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Nobuji Yoshikawa ◽  
Shiho Ohnishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Tnf Α

Glycyrrhizin (GL), an important active ingredient of licorice root, which weakens the proinflammatory effects of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) by blocking HMGB1 signaling. In this study, we investigated whether GL could suppress inflammation and carcinogenesis in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced murine model of colorectal cancer. ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 5, each)—control group, GL group, colon cancer (CC) group, and GL-treated CC (CC + GL) group, and sacrificed after 20 weeks. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The colonic tissue samples were immunohistochemically stained with DNA damage markers (8-nitroguanine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxy-guanosine), inflammatory markers (COX-2 and HMGB1), and stem cell markers (YAP1 and SOX9). The average number of colonic tumors and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the CC + GL group were significantly lower than those in the CC group. The levels of all inflammatory and cancer markers were significantly reduced in the CC + GL group. These results suggest that GL inhibits the inflammatory response by binding HMGB1, thereby inhibiting DNA damage and cancer stem cell proliferation and dedifferentiation. In conclusion, GL significantly attenuates the pathogenesis of AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer by inhibiting HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling.

Peripheral levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in youths in ultra-high risk for psychosis: a pilot study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Zeni-Graiff ◽  
Adiel C. Rios ◽  
Pawan K. Maurya ◽  
Lucas B. Rizzo ◽  
Sumit Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Healthy Control

IntroductionOxidative stress has been documented in chronic schizophrenia and in the first episode of psychosis, but there are very little data on oxidative stress prior to the disease onset.ObjectiveThis work aimed to compare serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in young individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis with a comparison healthy control group (HC).MethodsThirteen UHR subjects and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Clinical assessment included the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I (SCID-I) or the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Activities of SOD and GPx were measured in serum by the spectrophotometric method using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and years of education, there was a significant lower activity of SOD and lower GPX activity in the UHR group compared to the healthy control group (rate ratio [RR]=0.330, 95% CI 0.187; 0.584, p&lt;0.001 and RR=0.509, 95% CI 0.323; 0.803, p=0.004, respectively). There were also positive correlations between GAF functioning scores and GPx and SOD activities.ConclusionOur results suggest that oxidative imbalances could be present prior to the onset of full-blown psychosis, including in at-risk stages. Future studies should replicate and expand these results.

scholarly journals Urine CA-2 as a biomarker for diagnosis urinary stone and prediction of its complications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-jing Leng ◽  
Hai-bin Zhou ◽  
Jiang-ling Fu ◽  
Wen-juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract PURPOSECarbonic anhydrase-2 (CA-2) plays a role in mineralization and calcification in organism. Strong evidence suggests that CA-2 is associated with urolithiasis. However, the relationship between CA-2 and urinary stone remains unclear. The study aimed to assess the association of urine CA-2 (uCA-2) level and the potential risk of urinary stone.METHODSFrom March 2017 to November 2019, a prospective cohort study was conducted on patients with urinary stones and healthy subjects to determine the pretreatment uCA-2 level detection by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The difference of uCA-2 level between patients with urinary stones and healthy subjects was compared. Then comparison between stone patients with complications and without complications was carried out as well as correlation analysis to detect factors associated with biomarker expression.RESULTS118 patients with urinary stones were into urinary stones group and 42 healthy subjects were into healthy control group. The mean pretreatment uCA-2 level was significantly higher in patients with urinary stones group than healthy controls group (P=0.028). Furthermore, The uCA-2 level was positive correlation with urinary stones complications (R=0.379, P=0.000), especially pain complications (R=0.524, P=0.000) and hematuria complications (R=0.374, P=0.000). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis that a uCA-2 level threshold of 10.94 ng/mL had 83.67% sensitivity and 68.12% specificity for predicting urinary stones complications. CONCLUSIONSExcessive uCA-2 excretion is a major risk factor for urinary stone. Our findings suggested that uCA-2 may be used as an unappreciated biomarker for the diagnosis urinary stone in patients and to predict its complications.

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