scholarly journals Epidemiological Pattern of Traumatic Brain Injury in Brazil between 2008 and 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Akira Ramos Takahashi ◽  
Saulo Barros Teixeira ◽  
Giovanna Zambo Galafassi ◽  
Maria Beatriz Almeida Silva ◽  
Victoria Fernandez Comprido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a public health problem with high economic impact, as well as an important cause of death and sequela in polytrauma patients, affecting mainly young adults. Objective To analyze the temporal trend of TBI incidence in Brazil between 2008 and 2019, according to age group and gender. Methods An ecological study, based on secondary data from hospital admissions for TBI in all Brazilian states between 2008 and 2019. The numbers were collected using the hospital information system of the Unified Health System in Brazil. We performed a descriptive analysis using the data obtained. Linear regression models were used to measure the incidence trend of TBI in the period adopted. Results The state of Piauí had the highest increase in the incidence of TBI in the country in the last 10 years (coefficient β = 63.43 e p = 0.002). The main concern, though, is the increase in the incidence of TBI amongst children (0–4 years old) in the states of Ceará (β = 31.22 and p < 0.001 for boys; β = 42.20 and p < 0.001 for girls), Paraná (β = 37.26 and p = 0.011 for boys; β = 25.90 and p = 0.015 for girls), Pernambuco (β = 20.08 and p = 0.016 for girls), Mato Grosso (β = 18.76 and p = 0.005 for boys; β = 16.11 and p = 0.035 for girls), and Distrito Federal (β = 48.87 and p = 0.004 for girls; β = 48.28 and p = 0.006 for boys). Conclusion The analysis of the results is able to point out improvements that can be made. Besides that, it is remarkably important to redirect public polices to preventive medicine since many of the TBI causes are avoidable through awareness and education of the population.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal trend analysis of bovine brucellosis in Brazil, 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Claudia Mello Ribeiro ◽  
Jonas Lotufo Brant de Carvalho ◽  
Paula Andrea de Santis Bastos ◽  
Rodrigo Guerrero Mendes ◽  
Satie Katagiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Mato Grosso

Bovine brucellosis, a zoonotic disease endemic to Brazil, is a serious public health problem. It is a notifiable disease that, like tuberculosis, is regulated through a national control and eradication program. The epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis must be characterized in order to direct measures aimed at controlling the disease. This study focused on analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of bovine brucellosis in Brazil. An ecological and time series study was conducted based on secondary data reported by the National Animal Health Information System for cases of bovine brucellosis diagnosed in Brazil (2014 - 2018). The gross and average incidence rate of brucellosis was estimated per state. Joinpoint regression was applied to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) in incidence and to identify states with significant trend changes. Spatial analysis of animals with brucellosis was performed using Kernel density estimation. A total of 19,631 animals with bovine brucellosis were confirmed, and the average incidence rate varied from 0.03 to 33.93/100,000 cattle in Brazil. The highest density of positive animals was found in the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná, which can be considered areas of greater transmission of Brucella abortus. Reductions in gross incidence rates were observed in Paraná (APC: -13.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -20.3 – -5.4; p=0.01), Rondônia (APC: -44.7; 95%CI: -62.0 - -19.4; p=0.01), Mato Grosso do Sul (APC: -59.0; 95%CI: -77.7 - -24.5; p=0.01), Acre (APC: -40.0; 95%CI: -50.0 - -28.0; p=0.00), and Ceará (APC: -37.9; 95%CI: -50.9 - -21.4; p=0.00). The incidence rate significantly increased in Tocantins (APC: 122.1; 95%CI: 4.5 - 372.2; p=0.04). The findings of this study will be helpful in guiding surveillance and prevention measures aimed at reducing the incidence of bovine brucellosis in Brazil.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of patients served due to official accidents in the north of Brazil, Amazon Region, in the period from 2009 to 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Larissa Queiroz Costa Carneiro ◽  
Isabela Menezes Barbosa ◽  
Igor de Souza Cardoso ◽  
Cláudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
The North ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Ophidian accidents are a significant public health problem worldwide, due to both their frequency and morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, during the years 2009 to 2019 there were 313,139 registered cases, of which 151,565 occurred in the North Region, making explicit the importance of studying this disease in that Region. The objective of the present study is to determine the epidemiological profile of the affected patients (age and sex), the accident itself (UF, month, year, time to attend) and the snake gender of the accidents that occurred in the Northern region of Brazil. Secondary data were obtained through access to the Information Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS), at the electronic address www.datasus.gov.br, in the SIH / SUS Hospital Information System. It was found that the accidents occurred mainly in rural areas, with men, in socioeconomically active age, caused by snakes of the Bothrops genus. Several cases could be classified as accidents at work, these could be avoided or minimized with appropriate personal protective equipment and guidelines.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kompleksitas Operasi Perusahaan, Umur Perusahaan dan Opini Auditor Terhadap Ketepatwaktuan Laporan Audit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Nurhairunnisa Nurhairunnisa ◽  
Bambang Bambang ◽  
Robith Hudaya
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Audit Reports

This study aims to determine the effect of the complexity of company operations, company age, and auditor's opinion on the timeliness of audit reports on mining companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2018. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis with hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression models through SPSS version 22 software. This study uses secondary data, namely annual reports published on the website www.idx.co.id or published through the company's official website. The population of this research is all mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2018. The sampling technique was using purposive sampling. Based on predetermined criteria, 30 companies were obtained as samples and 90 observations. The results of this study indicate that there is no influence of the complexity of the company's operations, company age, and the auditor's opinion on the timeliness of the audit report. This research is expected to contribute thoughts, information, and benefits to related stakeholders. For public accountants, this research can be used as a reference that can be used in carrying out their audit service practices, especially in an effort to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of audit implementation through managing factors that can affect the timeliness of submitting audit reports so that audit completion can be improved and accelerated. publication of audited financial reports. For investors, these useful concepts of thought and understanding can be used as a reference in reading and analyzing information in making decisions, especially  in matters relating to audited financial reports.

scholarly journals Comorbidities and in-hospital death of viral pneumonia adults admitted to SUS (2002–2015)

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Thais Piazza ◽  
Daniela Pena Moreira ◽  
Hugo André da Rocha ◽  
Agner Pereira Lana ◽  
Ilka Afonso Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Hiv Aids

OBJECTIVE To identify demographic and clinical characteristics of adult patients hospitalized in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) due to viral pneumonia and investigate the association between some comorbidities and death during hospitalization. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted with secondary data of adults admitted to SUS due to viral pneumonia between 2002 and 2015. Patient profile was characterized based on demographic and clinical variables. The association between the ten Elixhauser comorbidities and in-hospital death was investigated using Poisson regression models with robust standard errors. Results were quantified as incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and we built five models using successive inclusion of variables blocks. RESULTS Hospital admissions for viral pneumonias decreased throughout the study period, and it was observed that 5.8% of hospitalized patients had an in-hospital death. We observed significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics by comparing individuals who died during hospitalization with those who did not, with the occurrence of one or more comorbidities being more expressive among patients who died. Although not considered risk factors for in-hospital death, chronic pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure were the most common comorbidities. Conversely, IRR for in-hospital death increased with other neurological disorders, diabetes, cancer, obesity, and especially with HIV/AIDS. CONCLUSIONS Individuals presenting with pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases require proper attention during hospitalization, as well as those with other neurological diseases, diabetes, cancer, obesity, and especially HIV/AIDS. Understanding the influence of chronic diseases on viral infections may support the healthcare system in achieving better outcomes.

scholarly journals In-hospital mortality in patients with acute limb ischemia over a 12-year period in the Brazilian public health-care system

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Henrique Fonseca do Nascimento ◽  
André Gusmão Cunha ◽  
André Bouzas de Andrade ◽  
Monique Magnavita Borba da Fonseca Cerqueira
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Acute Limb Ischemia ◽  
Atypical Manifestations ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Background Arterial diseases represent a severe public health problem in the 21st century. Although men have a higher overall prevalence, reports have suggested that women may exhibit atypical manifestations, be asymptomatic, and have hormonal peculiarities, resulting in worse outcomes and severe emergencies, such as acute limb ischemia (ALI). Objectives To analyze the morbidity and mortality profile of ALI emergencies in Brazil between 2008 and 2019. Methods An ecological study was carried out with secondary data from SIH/SUS, using ICD-10 code I.74 The proportions of emergency hospital admissions and in-hospital mortality rates (HMR) by gender, ethnicity, and age were extracted from the overall figures. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results From 2008 to 2019, there were 195,567 urgent hospitalizations due to ALI in Brazil, 111,145 (56.8%) of which were of men. Women had a higher HMR (112:1,000 hospitalizations) than men (85:1,000 hospitalizations) (p<0.05), and a higher chance of death (OR=1.36; p<0.05). Furthermore, mean survival was significantly higher among men (8,483/year versus 6,254/year; p<0.05). Stratified by ethnicity, women who self-identified as white (OR=1.44; p<0.05), black (OR=1.33; p<0.05), and brown (RR=1.25; p <0.05) had greater chances of death than men in the same ethnicity categories. Moreover, women over the age of 50 years had a higher chance of death, with a progressive increment in risk as age increased. Conclusions There was a trend to worse prognosis in ALI emergencies associated with women, especially in older groups. The literature shows that the reasons for these differences are still poorly investigated and more robust studies of this relevant disease in the area of vascular surgery are encouraged.

ANALISIS PENGARUH UMUR, PENDIDIKAN, PEKERJAAN, PENGHASILAN, DAN JENIS KELAMIN TERHADAP KUALITAS SARANA SANITASI DASAR RUMAH TINGGAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Yonathan Suryo Pambudi ◽  
Elvis Umbu Lolo
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Random Probability ◽  
And Gender

Kriteria sarana sanitasi dasar rumah tinggal sesuai dengan Surat Keputusan Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 829/Menkes/SK/VII/1999 tentang persyaratan kesehatan perumahan meliputi sarana air bersih, sarana pembuangan kotoran, saluran pembuangan air limbah, dan sarana tempat pembuangan sampah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan bagaimana pengaruh variabel umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan jenis kelamin seseorang terhadap kualitas sarana sanitasi dasar rumah tinggal yang dimiliki warga di kelurahan Sewu, kecamatan Jebres, kota Surakarta . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder. Populasi 2.277 Kepala Keluarga (KK), dan sampel diambil secara random probability sampling dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin, diperoleh sampel sebanyak 341 Kepala Keluarga (KK). Analisis data dengan chi-square, dan uji regresi linier berganda. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah variabel pendidikan (p 0,014 < 0,05), pekerjaan (p 0,000 < 0,05), penghasilan (p 0,000 < 0,05), dan jenis kelamin (p 0,013 < 0,05) memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kualitas sarana sanitasi dasar rumah tinggal yang dimiliki responden, sedangkan variabel umur tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan (p 0,105 > 0,05). Berdasarkan pengujian variabel-variabel penelitian dengan model regresi linier berganda diketahui bahwa umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, penghasilan dan jenis kelamin responden memberikan pengaruh secara serentak atau simultan terhadap kualitas sarana sanitasi rumah tinggal yang dimiliki responden (p 0,000 < 0,05).    The criteria for basic residential sanitation facilities are in accordance with the Decree of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 829 / Menkes / SK / VII / 1999 concerning housing health requirements including clean water facilities, sewage disposal facilities, sewage drains, and garbage disposal facilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, education, occupation and gender variables on the quality of basic residential sanitation facilities owned by residents in Sewu Village, Jebres District, Surakarta City. This research was  a descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. Sources of data in this study were  primary and secondary data. Population of 2,277 heads of household (KK), and samples taken by random probability sampling using the Slovin formula, obtained a sample of 341 heads of households (KK). Data analysis using chi-square, and multiple linear regression test. The conclusion of this study is that the variables of education  (p 0,014<0.05), occupation  (p 0,000<0.05), income  (p 0,000<0.05), and gender  (p 0,013<0.05) have a significant effect on the quality of basic residential sanitation facilities owned by the respondent, while the variable age does not have a significant effect (p 0,105>0.05). . Based on the testing of research variables with multiple linear regression models, it is known that the age, education, occupation, income and gender of the respondent have a simultaneous or simultaneous influence on the quality of residential sanitation facilities owned by the respondent (p 0,000<0.05).

scholarly journals Factors associated with hospital admissions due to hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosimery Cruz de Oliveira Dantas ◽  
João Paulo Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Davidson Cruz de Oliveira Dantas ◽  
Ângelo Giuseppe Roncalli
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Information System ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Sensitive Conditions

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the temporality of hospital admissions due to arterial hypertension and its associated factors. Methods: An ecological study with secondary data on hospital admissions due to essential arterial hypertension – ICD 10, from the Hospital Information System, the Mortality Information System and and the Primary Care Information System, between 2010 and 2015. Descriptive analysis using means, proportions and linear regression. Results: We recorded 493,299 hospitalizations due to arterial hypertension from 2010 to 2015, with an average annual progressive cost decrease of −7.76% and −24.21%. Of the patients admitted, 59.2% were women, 60.2% were non-white and 54.7% were older than 60 years. The mean length of stay was 4.2 days, and the hospitalization cost was R$307.60. The multiple linear regression variables that remained significant were the percentage of admissions due to primary care-sensitive conditions, the per capita income and the City Human Development Index. Conclusion: Hospital admissions due to arterial hypertension have an impact on the percentage of admissions due to primary care- sensitive conditions. Intensifying primary care activities, raising-awareness among professionals to the importance of integrated care, and investing in social development are crucial to change the reality of hypertension in terms of its control and complications.

scholarly journals Is Being Single a Risk Factor for Previously Undetected Abnormal Glucose Tolerance?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Labeena Wajahat ◽  
Raisa Uddin ◽  
Andrew Lai ◽  
Luisa Pombo ◽  
Noel Barengo
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

BACKGROUND: Type II diabetes represents a chronic disease with costly consequences. It is important to identify all risk factors to allow patients the opportunity to counter its progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between marital status and previously undiagnosed abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in a northern Colombian population.METHODS: Secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional screening study in a northern Colombian adult population ages 18-74 using healthcare insurance company data from 2014-2015. The main exposure was marital status, while the outcome was AGT. A descriptive analysis of the variables in the database was conducted, and chi-square analysis of categorical covariates and a t-test of continuous covariates were performed. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between marital status and AGT.RESULTS: Single individuals had a 20% decreased odds of having AGT compared to married individuals (odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7 - 1.0), but this association disappeared after adjusting for covariates (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7 - 1.2). There was a 40% increased odds of AGT in women compared to men (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.1 - 1.8). Hypertension increased the risk of AGT by about 60% (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.2 - 2.1), while obesity was associated with an 80% increased odds of developing AGT (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.3 - 2.4).CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that screening for abnormal glucose tolerance may not be necessary in specific marital status groups.

scholarly journals Characteristics of paediatric patients with tuberculosis and associated determinants of treatment success in Malaysia using the MyTB version 2.1 database over five years

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Maria Awaluddin ◽  
Nurhuda Ismail ◽  
Yuslina Zakaria ◽  
Siti Munira Yasin ◽  
Asmah Razali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
National Database ◽  
Tb Treatment

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) among children remains a significant public health problem in many parts of the world. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of TB patients and to determine the predictors of treatment success among children in Malaysia. Methods Secondary data from MyTB version 2.1, a national database, were analysed using R version 3.6.1. Descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression were conducted to identify treatment success and its determinants. Results In total, 3630 cases of TB cases were registered among children in Malaysia between 2013 and 2017. The overall treatment success rate was 87.1% in 2013 and plateaued between 90.1 and 91.4% from 2014 to 2017. TB treatment success was positively associated with being a Malaysian citizen (aOR = 3.43; 95% CI = 2.47, 4.75), being a child with BCG scars (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.39, 2.68), and being in the older age group (aOR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.09). Having HIV co-infection (aOR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.16, 0.63), undergoing treatment in public hospitals (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI =0.25, 0.58), having chest X-ray findings of advanced lesion (aOR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.33, 0.69), having EPTB (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.41, 0.82) and having sputum-positive PTB (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.43, 0.79) were negatively associated with TB treatment success among children. Conclusions The overall success rate of treatment among children with TB in Malaysia has achieved the target of 90% since 2014 and remained plateaued until 2017. The socio-demographic characteristics of children, place of treatment, and TB disease profile were associated with the likelihood of TB treatment success among children. The treatment success rate can be increased by strengthening contact tracing activities and promoting early identification targeting the youngest children and non-Malaysian children.

scholarly journals Time trend of Brazilian hospital admissions and deaths due to asthma among children and teenagers, 1998–2019

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248472
Author(s):  
Luiza Gabriela de Araújo Fonseca ◽  
Rêncio Bento Florêncio ◽  
Illia Nadinne Dantas Florentino Lima ◽  
Lucien Peroni Gualdi
Keyword(s):  
Time Trend ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Gender

Background Asthma is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. The aim of this study was to characterize the distribution of Brazilian hospital admissions due to asthma among children and teenagers between 1998 and 2019, as well as to analyze hospital admission incidence and mortality rate during the period according to the geographic region, age group and gender. Methods This is a descriptive time trend study using secondary data regarding hospital admissions and lethality registered in the Brazilian System of Hospital Information of the Brazilian Public Health System (SIH/SUS) due to asthma (ICD-10) in subjects aged from 0 to 19 years old between 1998 and 2019. The following variables were collected: number and place of hospital admissions classified by the ICD-10, absolute values and frequency by age group, gender and lethality. Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad Prism version 5.0 software. Results The total number of hospital admissions due to asthma was 3,138,064. It was observed that children aged between 1 to 4 years, living in the Northeast region and males showed the highest number of hospitalizations. A 74.37% reduction over a 21-year period was found. The lethality rate found in the study was 0.06, with the highest rates being from the Northeast region, males and < 1-year-old. Conclusion Hospital admissions were more prevalent in young children, male gender and in the Northeast region. A decrease of hospital admissions and lethality rate was observed in all groups over time. This profile is important for implementing government strategies to lower hospital admissions and decrease costs.

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