A new morphological method to identify cold tolerance of melon at seedling stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Duan ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hongyan Qi
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Injury Index ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Rate Maximum

Low temperature restrains the growth and development of melons, as well as severely impairing the yield and quality. To obtain a rapid and accurate method for evaluating cold tolerance of melon, 10 genotypes were selected to investigate their cold tolerance at seedling stage. Chilling stress (15°C/6°C, day/night) increased leaf angles and caused leaves wilted: the phenotypes of the 10 genotypes were obviously different. Thus, a new predicted method for chilling injury index (CII) of melon was constructed based on the change of leaf angle and leaf state. The CII showed significant correlation with survival rate, maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and changes of SPAD value. Moreover, the validity of the method was further verified by seedlings growth, photosynthesis, membrane permeability and metabolites accumulation of four screened genotypes. Taken together, this work provides a morphological and accurate method for evaluating cold tolerance in melon.

scholarly journals H2O2 Functions as a Downstream Signal of IAA to Mediate H2S-Induced Chilling Tolerance in Cucumber

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12910
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Chenxiao Xu ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Huangai Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sodium Hydrosulfide ◽  
Polar Transport ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Injury Index ◽  
Transport Inhibitor

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a crucial role in regulating chilling tolerance. However, the role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and auxin in H2S-induced signal transduction in the chilling stress response of plants was unclear. In this study, 1.0 mM exogenous H2O2 and 75 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) significantly improved the chilling tolerance of cucumber seedlings, as demonstrated by the mild plant chilling injury symptoms, lower chilling injury index (CI), electrolyte leakage (EL), and malondialdehyde content (MDA) as well as higher levels of photosynthesis and cold-responsive genes under chilling stress. IAA-induced chilling tolerance was weakened by N, N′-dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a scavenger of H2O2), but the polar transport inhibitor of IAA (1-naphthylphthalamic acid, NPA) did not affect H2O2-induced mitigation of chilling stress. IAA significantly enhanced endogenous H2O2 synthesis, but H2O2 had minimal effects on endogenous IAA content in cucumber seedlings. In addition, the H2O2 scavenger DMTU, inhibitor of H2O2 synthesis (diphenyleneiodonium chloride, DPI), and IAA polar transport inhibitor NPA reduced H2S-induced chilling tolerance. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) increased H2O2 and IAA levels, flavin monooxygenase (FMO) activity, and respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH1) and FMO-like protein (YUCCA2) mRNA levels in cucumber seedlings. DMTU, DPI, and NPA diminished NaHS-induced H2O2 production, but DMTU and DPI did not affect IAA levels induced by NaHS during chilling stress. Taken together, the present data indicate that H2O2 as a downstream signal of IAA mediates H2S-induced chilling tolerance in cucumber seedlings.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation for Cold Tolerance in Wucai (Brassica campestris L.) by the Performance Index on an Absorption Basis (PIabs)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Dai ◽  
Lingyun Yuan ◽  
Shujiang Zhang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Shilei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Cell Ultrastructure ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Injury Index ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Fluorescence Transients

Wucai is a biannual leafy vegetable that is more sensitive to cold than most Brassicaceae vegetables. Here, phenotypic differences in wucai were investigated to identify those genotypes with high cold tolerance at low temperature, which could allow their cultivation in cold climates. In all, on the basis of PIabs, 20 wucai genotypes (10 lower PIabs and 10 higher PIabs) were selected from a collection of 124 genotypes. Both W16-13 and SW-3 (higher PIabs) and the LS-6 and W15-16 (lower PIabs) were screened from the 20 wucai genotypes according to several key plant physiological traits: net photosynthetic rate, electrolyte leakage, chilling injury index, specific leaf area, malondialdehyde contents, and PIabs. To further verify the reliability of PIabs, four genotypes were grown under low temperature gradient conditions and their morphological indexes, chlorophyll content, total antioxidant capacity, fluorescence transients (OJIP transients), leaf cell ultrastructure, and gene expression were measured. These indicators strongly demonstrated that the W16-13 and SW-3, which had higher PIabs, possessed higher resistance to cold stress, while both LS-6 and W15-16 were sensitive to cold. As this study shows, the easily measured performance index, PIabs, could be applied to wucai genotypes to screen for one or more varieties characterized by higher cold tolerance.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Profiling of Young Cotyledons Response to Chilling Stress in Two Contrasting Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes at the Seedling Stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5095
Author(s):  
Gongmin Cheng ◽  
Longyan Zhang ◽  
Hantao Wang ◽  
Jianhua Lu ◽  
Hengling Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Cell Membrane Damage

Young cotyledons of cotton seedlings are most susceptible to chilling stress. To gain insight into the potential mechanism of cold tolerance of young cotton cotyledons, we conducted physiological and comparative transcriptome analysis of two varieties with contrasting phenotypes. The evaluation of chilling injury of young cotyledons among 74 cotton varieties revealed that H559 was the most tolerant and YM21 was the most sensitive. The physiological analysis found that the ROS scavenging ability was lower, and cell membrane damage was more severe in the cotyledons of YM21 than that of H559 under chilling stress. RNA-seq analysis identified a total of 44,998 expressed genes and 19,982 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in young cotyledons of the two varieties under chilling stress. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) of all DEGs revealed four significant modules with close correlation with specific samples. The GO-term enrichment analysis found that lots of genes in H559-specific modules were involved in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling, and plant–pathogen interaction were related to chilling stress response. A total of 574 transcription factors and 936 hub genes in these modules were identified. Twenty hub genes were selected for qRT-PCR verification, revealing the reliability and accuracy of transcriptome data. These findings will lay a foundation for future research on the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance in cotyledons of cotton.

scholarly journals HARDENING PRETREATMENT BY DROUGHT AND LOW TEMPERATURE ENHANCED CHILLING STRESS TOLERANCE OF CUCUMBER SEEDLINGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fardin Ghanbari ◽  
Sajad Kordi
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Injury Index ◽  
Randomized Design

Chilling stress is of major limiting factors influencing the growth and development of warm-season crops like cucumber. In this research, the possibility of chilling tolerance of cucumber seedlings was investigated through employing the drought and low-temperature pretreatments. The factorial experiment consisted of two factors including cucumber cultivars (i.e. ‘Super Dominos’ and ‘Super Star’) and hardening treatments (control, low temperatures at 10°C, and 15°C and drought simulated by 10% and 20% PEG) based on completely randomized design (CRD) in 3 replications. After applying treatments and providing them 48 h opportunity to be recovered, the seedlings were subjected to 3°C for a six-day period and 6 h for each day. All hardening treatments improved seedlings’ growth, chlorophyll content, total phenol (TP) and antioxidant enzyme activities, while reducing chilling injury index and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Comparing to temperature hardening, the drought pretreatment showed to have a better effect on inducing the chilling tolerance into cultivars. Overall, the results of this experiment showed that employing drought and low-temperature pretreatments enabled cucumber seedlings to mitigate the harmful effects of chilling.

Seed treatment with glycine betaine enhances tolerance of cotton to chilling stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cheng ◽  
L. M. Pei ◽  
T. T. Yin ◽  
K. W. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Cotton Production

AbstractChilling injury is an important natural stress that can threaten cotton production, especially at the sowing and seedling stages in early spring. It is therefore important for cotton production to improve chilling tolerance at these stages. The current work examines the potential for glycine betaine (GB) treatment of seeds to increase the chilling tolerance of cotton at the seedling stage. Germination under cold stress was increased significantly by GB treatment. Under low temperature, the leaves of seedlings from treated seeds exhibited a higher net photosynthetic rate (PN), higher antioxidant enzyme activity including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase, lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and less damage to the cell membrane. Enzyme activity was correlated negatively with H2O2 content and degree of damage to the cell membrane but correlated positively with GB content. The experimental results suggested that although GB was only used to treat cotton seed, the beneficial effect caused by the preliminary treatment of GB could play a significant role during germination that persisted to at least the four-leaf seedling stage. Therefore, it is crucial that this method is employed in agricultural production to improve chilling resistance in the seedling stage by soaking the seeds in GB.

Genetic Analysis of Cold Tolerance at the Seedling Stage in Dongxiang Wild Rice (Oryza rufipogon)

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Jian Shuirong ◽  
Wan Yong ◽  
Luo Xiangdong ◽  
Fang Jun ◽  
Chu Chengcai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Dongxiang Wild Rice

scholarly journals Combining QTL-seq and linkage mapping to fine map a candidate gene in qCTS6 for cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luomiao Yang ◽  
Jingguo Wang ◽  
Zhenghong Han ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Hua Long Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Major Qtl

Abstract Background Cold stress caused by low temperatures is an important factor restricting rice production. Identification of cold-tolerance genes that can stably express in cold environments is crucial for molecular rice breeding. Results In this study, we employed high-throughput quantitative trait locus sequencing (QTL-seq) analyses in a 460-individual F2:3 mapping population to identify major QTL genomic regions governing cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice. A novel major QTL (qCTS6) controlling the survival rate (SR) under low-temperature conditions of 9°C/10 days was mapped on the 2.60-Mb interval on chromosome 6. Twenty-seven single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were designed for the qCST6 region based on re-sequencing data, and local QTL mapping was conducted using traditional linkage analysis. Eventually, we mapped qCTS6 to a 96.6-kb region containing 13 annotated genes, of which seven predicted genes contained 13 non-synonymous SNP loci. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed that only Os06g0719500, an OsbZIP54 transcription factor, was strongly induced by cold stress. Haplotype analysis confirmed that +376 bp (T>A) in the OsbZIP54 coding region played a key role in regulating cold tolerance in rice. Conclusion We identified OsbZIP54 as a novel regulatory gene associated with rice cold-responsive traits, with its Dongfu-104 allele showing specific cold-induction expression serving as an important molecular variation for rice improvement. This result is expected to further exploration of the genetic mechanism of rice cold tolerance at the seedling stage and improve cold tolerance in rice varieties by marker-assisted selection.

Investigating the effect of oxalic acid and salicylic acid treatments on the post-harvest life of temperate grown apricot varieties (Prunus armeniaca) during controlled atmosphere storage

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322110320
Author(s):  
Mariya Batool ◽  
Omar Bashir ◽  
Tawheed Amin ◽  
Sajad Mohd Wani ◽  
FA Masoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Injury Index

This study aimed at investigating the influence of different postharvest treatments with oxalic acid (OA) and salicylic acid (SA) on quality attributes and postharvest shelf life of temperate grown apricot varieties stored under controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions. After each treatment was given, the samples were stored in CA store maintained at a temperature of 0 °C, 90 ± 5% relative humidity, 5% oxygen and 15% carbon dioxide for 30 days. Results indicated that both OA and SA treatments significantly (p ≤ 0.05) retained total soluble solids, titratable acidity, color profile, ascorbic acid content and total phenolic content of apricot varieties and had a positive effect on antioxidant activity and texture of samples compared to control. However, carotenoid content was found to be higher in control. Both the treatments reduced chilling injury index, weight loss and decay percentage of samples. Moreover, it was found that SA treatment was the most effective treatment in maintaining visual color of apricots while OA maintained fruit firmness and effectively decreased the decay percentage and chilling injury index of apricot varieties. In conclusion, it was found that both OA and SA have the potential to extend storage life of apricots and maintain quality attributes of the crop during CA storage.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals the Genetic Basis of Cold Tolerance in Rice at the Seedling Stage

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Tae-Ho Ham ◽  
Yebin Kwon ◽  
Yoonjung Lee ◽  
Jisu Choi ◽  
Joohyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of cold tolerance in a collection of 127 rice accessions, including 57 Korean landraces at the seedling stage. Cold tolerance of rice seedlings was evaluated in a growth chamber under controlled conditions and scored on a 0–9 scale, based on their low-temperature response and subsequent recovery. GWAS, together with principal component analysis (PCA) and kinship matrix analysis, revealed four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1, 4, and 5 that explained 16.5% to 18.5% of the variance in cold tolerance. The genomic region underlying the QTL on chromosome four overlapped with a previously reported QTL associated with cold tolerance in rice seedlings. Similarly, one of the QTLs identified on chromosome five overlapped with a previously reported QTL associated with seedling vigor. Subsequent bioinformatic and haplotype analyses revealed three candidate genes affecting cold tolerance within the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block of these QTLs: Os01g0357800, encoding a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) domain-containing protein; Os05g0171300, encoding a plastidial ADP-glucose transporter; and Os05g0400200, encoding a retrotransposon protein, Ty1-copia subclass. The detected QTLs and further evaluation of these candidate genes in the future will provide strategies for developing cold-tolerant rice in breeding programs.

scholarly journals An R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor RmMYB108 Responds to Chilling Stress of Rosa multiflora and Conferred Cold Tolerance of Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Dong ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Xiaoying Zhang ◽  
Wuhua Zhang ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Myb Transcription Factor ◽  
Rosa Multiflora ◽  
R2r3 Myb

A sudden cooling in the early spring or late autumn negatively impacts the plant growth and development. Although a number of studies have characterized the role of the transcription factors (TFs) of plant R2R3-myeloblastosis (R2R3-MYB) in response to biotic and abiotic stress, plant growth, and primary and specific metabolisms, much less is known about their role in Rosa multiflora under chilling stress. In the present study, RmMYB108, which encodes a nuclear-localized R2R3-MYB TF with a self-activation activity, was identified based on the earlier published RNA-seq data of R. multiflora plants exposed to short-term low-temperature stress and also on the results of prediction of the gene function referring Arabidopsis. The RmMYB108 gene was induced by stress due to chilling, salt, and drought and was expressed in higher levels in the roots than in the leaves. The heterologous expression of RmMYB108 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly enhanced the tolerance of transgenic plants to freezing, water deficit, and high salinity, enabling higher survival and growth rates, earlier flowering and silique formation, and better seed quantity and quality compared with the wild-type (WT) plants. When exposed to a continuous low-temperature stress at 4°C, transgenic Arabidopsis lines–overexpressing RmMYB108 showed higher activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, lower relative conductivity, and lower malondialdehyde content than the WT. Moreover, the initial fluorescence (Fo) and maximum photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) changed more dramatically in the WT than in transgenic plants. Furthermore, the expression levels of cold-related genes involved in the ICE1 (Inducer of CBF expression 1)-CBFs (C-repeat binding factors)-CORs (Cold regulated genes) cascade were higher in the overexpression lines than in the WT. These results suggest that RmMYB108 was positively involved in the tolerance responses when R. multiflora was exposed to challenges against cold, freeze, salt, or drought and improved the cold tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis by reducing plant damage and promoting plant growth.

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