Neologisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-59
Author(s):  
Sujata S. Kathpalia
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
New Words ◽  
Inner Circle ◽  
Media Texts

Abstract Studies in word-formation in English are common compared to the study of new words that are formed by combining the resources of two linguistic systems. Although new word formations within a language are considered to be highly creative, combining words from two different languages provides another level of creativity to bilinguals in different situations. The objective of this paper is to examine the main types of word creation processes employed in mass media texts, particularly in Hindi-English code-mixed words. The focus is on three main processes of word creation: affixation, blending and compounding (including reduplication) and they are discussed from the perspective of productivity/creativity, distribution and underlying motivations. These processes seem to be illustrative of the nativization of inner circle English in India, particularly in mass media where such lexical adaptations lend texts a distinct flavor through innovation in word-formation.

FEATURES OF WORD FORMATION IN CONTEMPORARY MASS MEDIA TEXTS (IN RUSSIAN AND CROATIAN LANGUAGE)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Radčenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
New Words ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Formation System

The article analyses features of word formation in contemporary Russian and Croatian mass media texts. Active types, models and morphemes of word formation system used in both languages are determined. A comparative analysis of the ways of forming new words shows that occasionalisms in both languages can be created by conventional methods, such as affixation and composition or by non-conventional ways of word formation (contamination, derivation according to a specific pattern, graphoderivation).

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF LEXICOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF NEOLOGISMS AND NEW PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN MASS-MEDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
LARYSA SHEVCHENKO ◽  
DMYTRO SYZONOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
New Words ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Texts

This article identifies the peculiarities of the lexicographic analysis of new words and phraseological units in the modern Ukrainian mass media, considers the place of media lexicography in modern linguistics and also gives the principles of presentation of new phraseological units in the innovative dictionary entitled "New Media and the Phraseological Units of the Ukrainian Mass Media". The authors also present a detailed description of the dictionary's structure, reveals stages of collection and processing the material and the principles of work with the media texts – printed, digital, advertising and radio genres. Specific attention is paid to the functional principle as the main principle of work with the media texts, since it made possible to monitor the developments in the modern Ukrainian language through mass media. Samples of dictionary articles and the detailed lexicographic descriptions are given. Also the directions of work have been suggested for lexicographists and linguists regarding work with the media texts, collecting and processing the material, which will be the basis for new dictionaries of new lexical and phraseological units.

scholarly journals Resources and methods of neosemantization of the modern Ukrainian vocabulary

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Iuliia Tsyhvintseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Data ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
New Words ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Assimilation Process ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Media Texts

This article focuses on the dynamic processes at the lexical level. The research data, e.g., academic dictionaries and dictionaries of new words, online media texts, and specialized professional sites, the Ukrainian journalism, and posts by Facebook users, indicate the emergence of a large number of new meanings of various word classes words well-known in the modern Ukrain- ian language practice. Some of them are already included in dictionaries, and, therefore, have acquired definitions used in this study. Examples not attested in lexicographic sources are reinterpreted in accordance with their new meanings. The author focuses on the ability of the language to update its vocabulary within its own resources through semantic derivation, hidden borrowings, and the use of the available derivation model referring to a new concept. A phenomenon of semantic derivation is outlined and the mechanisms of its main types, e.g., metaphorical and metonymy transfer of meaning, amplification and semantic narrowing, are explicated. The paper looks into the basis for such a unit assimilation process, i.e., the main groups of modern hidden borrowings and resources. The author considers the phenomenon of the reuse of an existing derivation model as a way of updating the semantics of a word and classifies neosemantisms not only by the method of creation but also by lexical and word-formation categories and types of polysemy. The use of neosemantisms in Standard Ukrainian proves their functional and word-formation activity, which shows a constant qualitative development of the language and an increase of its naming resources. Keywords: neosemantism, semantic derivation, polysemy, hidden borrowing, recurrent derivational model, homonym.

scholarly journals LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATING RUǎNAND LíNGPREFIXES

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Julia S. Sukhina ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina V. Leskova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
New Words ◽  
Stage Of Development

At the present stage of development in every sphere of public life and professional sectors there is a necessity in new words including new terms. Consequently, further study of word-formation process becomes particularly urgent. In mass media discourse, Internet-vocabulary words formed by affixation appear more frequently. Neologisms emerge in vocabularies that describe new processes and trends in social, political and economic spheres of life. Recent years are marked by increased interest in the study of affixation. The current paper describes lexical units that are formed by adding prefixes ruan- and ling-. Certain groups of derivatives with the two prefixes were discovered. The results indicate on-going process of ruan- and ling- delexicalizing. Despite unfinished delexicalizing both prefixes are characterized by high productivity of word-formation.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF NEOLOGIZATION OF ENGLISH MEDIA POLITICAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Chernyavska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
New Words ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Times ◽  
Modern Mass ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
The Guardian

The investigation provides a thorough analysis of neologisms in the political discourse, reveals the peculiarities of their creation and use on the basis of British newspaper articles and audio / video materials of TV news. The peculiarities of the language of media political discourse were revealed, the expediency of using neologisms in mass media texts, their structural and semantic models were substantiated.The efficiency of coining new words by affixation, word formation, conversion, telescopy is confirmed. It has been proved that political neologisms most often perform word-forming, nominative and emotive functions. The use of neologisms for the nomination of socially significant concepts of politics, power and global current problems are revealed. Lexical-semantic groups of political neologisms have been singled out, the most numerous of which are groups to denote people – participants of communication, political processes, parties and associations. The analysis of modern media text at the lexical level allowed us to trace the main trends in enlarging the vocabulary of the media, reveal the links of neologisms with thematic and genre-style peculiarities of texts in which words and phrases function in their new meanings. It has been proven that modern mass media have been enlarged significantly by neologisms with positive and negative connotations as well as derived words formed from borrowed bases to denote new realities, particularly in political discourse. It has been found out that new words have a greater semantic capacity compared to similar counterparts in the language, in addition, they play a special stylistic role in the text – pun. The analysis of statements of various politicians has made it possible to explore the features of political culture and consciousness of a particular social group. Among the lexical means of creating political neologisms, it is worth noting the use of numerous repetitions, appeals to the readers’ or viewers’ audience. Political neologisms have been studied according to the following criteria: belonging to a certain class (lexical, phraseological and semantic), sources of origin (The Guardian, The Times, audio / video materials CNN News, BBC News), method of creation (affixation, composition, conversion, reduction, telescope, abbreviation, acronym, borrowing), word-forming potential (productive, non-productive, author’s), connotation (positive, negative, neutral), frequency of use (absolute, relative), thematic sphere of use (power, politics, state, society, people, law, democracy, integration, global problems of today).

Innovations as a Reflection of the Current Epidemic Situation in the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
V. E. Zamaldinov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Psychological Influence ◽  
The Common ◽  
Media Texts

The article considers word-building neologisms as a reflection of the current epidemic situation in the world. The material for the analysis was mass media texts. The sociocultural aspect of the language of the media led to the emergence of a large number of new nominations. The author makes an attempt to single out the common ways of word formation (prefixation, suffixation) and notes the expansion of affixoids. With the help of neologisms, journalists express a negative attitude towards the epidemic situation in the world, exert a psychological influence on the reader, ironically comprehend the surrounding reality, bring media communication closer to speaking, and designate high-tech phenomena. The author describes such occasional methods of word formation as contamination, tmesis, interword overlapping and substitutional derivation. The study reveals that occasional derivative means allow journalists to achieve a comic effect, attract the attention of the addressee; violating the principle of the integrity of the word, as well as to express negative expression. Structural-semantic and derivational types of analysis of innovations are carried out. It is concluded that extralinguistic factors have a great impact on the language.

scholarly journals О «Ковидно-Коронавирусных» Процессах В Русском Языке 2020 Года

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е. С. Громенко ◽  
А. С. Павлова ◽  
М. Н. Приёмышева
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
New Words ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Russian Language

В статье освещаются процессы в лексико-семантической системе русского языка, происходящие в период начала пандемии коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 в 2020 году. Цель статьи – дать общую характеристику и первую оценку явлений и процессов, протекающих в период активного пополнения словарного состава новыми узуальными и окказиональными единицами.В русском языке в марте–июне 2020 г. происходят очень интенсивные изменения: язык попол-нился огромным количеством новых слов и понятий, ряд слов и словосочетаний получили новые значения, некоторые из них расширили сферу функционирования – перешли из специальной ме-дицинской, социальной сферы в общее употребление. Русский язык оказался включен в процесс интенсивной языковой игры и языкового творчества. Ключевыми словами эпохи стали слова ковид, коронавирус и корона, так как они оказались не только словами-символами этого исторического периода, но и продуктивными основами для огромного количества узуальных и окказиональных новообразований.Материалами статьи стала новая лексика СМИ и интернета, собранная авторами статьи – сотруд-никами группы академических «Словарей новых слов» – и сверенная с данными крупного медий-ного банка «Интегрум», включающего материалы более 30 000 наименований изданий массмедиа, записи теле- и радиопрограмм.В процессе исследования был рассмотрен ряд новых слов и сочетаний, вошедших в русский язык в период распространения коронавирусной инфекции, случаи формирования новой полисемии у слов ковид, ковидный, корона и прилагательных, от них образованных, кратко проанализированы сложные слова с основами ковид- и корона-, в том числе новации, образованные путем контамина-ции, рассмотрены очевидные случаи системной связи между новыми словами (синонимия, антони-мия, омонимия).Помимо широкого обзора нового языкового материала, попыток его анализа и некоторых науч-ных обобщений, одним из важных выводов статьи является системный характер целого ряда лекси-ческих изменений, ставших результатом интенсивного и стихийного процесса в русском словообра-зовании и лексико-семантической системе.The paper deals with the lexical-semantic processes the Russian language has experienced during the first half of the year 2020 throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the paper is to give a general characterization and evaluation of the phenomena and processes occurring at the period of time during which the language vocabulary gets rapidly enriched with both usual neologisms and occasionalisms.From March to June 2020, the Russian language has been subject to intense changes: a vast number of new words and notions have entered the language, a certain number of lexical units and collocations have acquired new meanings, and some of them have widened the scope of functioning: e.g. a transition of units that formerly used to belong to medical terminology or to the sphere of social life into the words of common use can be observed. The Russian language has joined the process of continuous language game and linguistic creativity. COVID, coronavirus, and corona have become the keywords of the current era as they have not only turned out to be the symbols of a certain historical period but also have served as productive stems for the formation of an enormous number of regular and occasional lexical innovations.The data presented in the paper are based on the lexical innovations published in the mass media and the Internet sources. The new lexical units were collected by the authors, who are members of the group of academic “Dictionaries of neologisms”, and collated with the large-scale mass media database “ Integrum ”, which comprises the data bank of over 30,000 mass media editions as well as records of television and radio programs.In the course of research, the following matters are examined: a number of new words and collocations which entered the language during the COVID-19 spread, the cases of forming new polysemy that the words covid, corona, and the adjectives derived from them have developed, a brief analysis of compounds with the first-component stems covid- and corona- (including the innovations that are formed by means of blending), and the investigation of obvious cases that manifest regular lexical relations (synonymy, antonymy, and homonymy) among the above-mentioned neologisms.In addition to the broad review of the neological language data, its analysis, and some scientific generalizations, one of the most important conclusions the paper arrives at is the regular character of a variety of lexical changes which have been caused by an intense and spontaneous process observed in the Russian word formation and lexical-semantic system.

scholarly journals NATIONAL WORLDVIEW IN BILINGUAL COMMUNICATION

2013 ◽  
pp. 303-311
Author(s):  
V. A. Iovenko
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Event Semantics ◽  
Cultural Worldview ◽  
New Words ◽  
Text Structures ◽  
Media Texts

This article analyses the concept “national and cultural worldview” in the size of bilingual communication, examines peculiarities in mass media texts translation. The article establishes important types of divergences between Spanish and Russian worldviews which are relevant for translation, for example: abundance in Spanish mass media texts of specific and exotic national idiomatic units, bright stylistic locutions, figurative expressions, syntactic constructions, text structures which, when used in oral and written speech sound weird and unexpected for Russian native speakers. Spaniards often use words from different spheres of life (sports, medicine, warfare, etc) in political communicative situations. The research finds that the Spanish language tends to actively coin new words and combination patterns of “event” semantics. The article gives examples from Spanish-Russian translations and proposes ways to overcome divergences in the context of the Spanish worldview. The author makes conclusion that the national and cultural distinctions are the fourth reason, besides systems, norms and uses, of differences between languages.

TO THE QUESTION ABOUT SPECIAL TYPE OF OCCASIONAL WORDS IN RUSSIAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
N.N. Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
New Words ◽  
Language System ◽  
Informal Conversation ◽  
Mobile Part

The lexical level is the most mobile part of the language system. This mobility is in many respects caused by word-formation mechanisms. In live informal conversation the process of occurrence of new words is continuous and active. The basic part of new words is created according to productive models. The share of occasional ways in word-formation is less. However, it grows, as the occasional way in itself is more expressive and more emphatic. In the work we will pay attention to the words created by means of one of the ways of occasional word-formation.

scholarly journals Relationship Of Theoretical Foundations Of Lexicology And The Development Of Verbal Creativity In Elder Preschool Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 496-503
Author(s):  
Olga Terekhova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
New Words ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The word, as a structural unit of language, has a number of basic features. The Russian language is alive, and, like all living things, it develops and undergoes changes in the process of its development. Preschoolers come up with new words based on linguistic patterns. The teacher in the classroom on the development of speech should redirect the word-creation of children in the right direction, showing them the current rules of word-formation of their native language.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document