scholarly journals Morphoanatomy of Pangasionodon hypopthalmus Reared Under Controlled Photoperiod

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012057
Author(s):  
Windarti ◽  
B Amin ◽  
A H Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Dark Condition ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Reddish Brown Color ◽  
Photoperiod Control

Abstract Fish morphoanatomy is affected by environmental condition such as photoperiod duration. A research on the effects of shortened photoperiod on the morphoanatomy of Pangasionodon hypopthalmus has been conducted. There were 3 treatments applied, namely, 24 hours dark (24D), 18 hours dark (18D) and natural photoperiod (control). The fish, 8 cm total length (TL) and 4 gr body weight (BW) were reared in circular plastic tanks filled with 100 L freshwater and completed with aerators and circulation pumps, 30 fishes/tank. The fish was reared for 8 weeks and fed with commercial fish feed pellets, twice/day, at satiation. The dark condition was created by placing the tanks under dark tarp tents. Morphoanatomy data were studied by the end of experiment. Results shown that the survival of fish was 100%. The growth of fish reared in 24D and 18D was better, more than 20 cm TL and 85 gr BW, while that of the control was 18 cm TL and 72 gr BW. The condition factor as well as the liver condition of fish in all treatment was not different, it was around 1.2. The liver was reddish brown color, smooth and oily in which hepatosomatic index (HSI) value 0.023 in 24D; 0.027 in 18D and 0.048 in control. The visceralsonatic index (VSI) was 0.090 in 24D; 0.70 in 18D and 0.161 in control. In most of fishes reared in 24D and 18D, the gonad were in the 1st maturity stage (gonadosomatic index; GSI 0.0058 to 0.0068), while the gonad of some control fishes were in the 2nd maturity stage (GSI 0.0080). Data obtained shown that the morphoanatomical data (HSI, VSI and GSI) of the fish reared in lengthened dark were lower, but the growth data (TL and BW) was higher than those of the control, indicated that the fish reared in dark condition may allocated more energy for growing.

Tissue biochemical composition in relation to the reproductive cycle of deep-sea decapod Aristeus antennatus in the Portuguese south coast

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rosa ◽  
M.L. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Aristeus Antennatus

Biochemical changes during the reproductive cycle of Aristeus antennatus (Crustacea: Decapoda) on the Portuguese south coast were investigated. Proximate chemical composition, lipid classes, fatty acid profiles, glycogen and cholesterol content were determined in the muscle, ovary and hepatopancreas (HP) during a period of one year (October 2000–September 2001). Gonadosomatic index (GSI) increased significantly in June and July and during the maturation process. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) also increased throughout the ovarian maturation. A positive correlation between lipid levels in the ovary and GSI (r=0.53, P<0.05) and HSI (r=0.30, P<0.05) was found. The muscle showed very low lipid levels and higher percentages of polar lipids. Higher proportions of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols, were observed in both ovary and HP. Both ovarian and HP cholesterol increased with maturation. Protein and glycogen content in the muscle, ovary and HP did not vary as a function of ovary maturity stage. From the different tissues analysed, the glycogen is mainly stored in the HP and to a lesser extent in the muscle. In both ovary and HP the major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:1(n-7), 18:1(n-9), 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3), and significant increase in the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids were observed in ovary during sexual maturation, which indicates these compounds as the major sources of energy during embryonic and early larval development.

Impact of the cestodeTriaenophorus nodulosuson the exoticLepomis gibbosusand the autochthonousPerca fluviatilis

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. MASSON ◽  
M. VANACKER ◽  
M. G. FOX ◽  
J.-N. BEISEL
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Eurasian Perch

SUMMARYThe effects of plerocercoids of the cestodeTriaenophorus nodulosusinfecting the livers of native Eurasian perchPerca fluviatilisand non-native pumpkinseedLepomis gibbosuswas investigated in 17 sites along the Moselle watershed. With a single exception, infected individuals were not observed in the main channel whether or not northern pikeEsox lucius, a final host, was present. In ponds where the pike was present, the prevalence ofT. nodulosusaveraged 86% in Eurasian perch and 15% in pumpkinseed. The parasite was not present at all in ponds when pike were absent. Parasite load, hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and body condition index (CI) were compared between hosts in one site where parasite prevalence and fish abundance was highest. HSI in infected perch was significantly higher than in uninfected perch, whereas no differences in HSI were detected between infected and uninfected pumpkinseed. While perch were more frequently infected and had a greater average parasite load than pumpkinseed, there were no significant differences in either indicator between the two species. Furthermore, no significant differences in GSI or CI were observed between infected and uninfected fish in either species, by either gender or maturity stage. We hypothesize that pumpkinseed is more resistant to the parasite or less likely to feed upon infected copepods than perch.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD MANIPULATION ON MORPHO-ANATOMY AND GROWTH OF Clarias gariepinus

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sandra Lubis ◽  
Windarti Windarti ◽  
Morina Riauwaty
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Photoperiod Manipulation

Changing in photoperiod duration will affects the physiology of fish in general. A study aims to understand the effects of photoperiod manipulation towards C. gariepinus morpho-anatomy and growth was conducted on March–May 2018. The fishes were reared in fiber tanks (140 x 60 x 40 cm) that was filled with water and completed with a circulatory system. Treatments applied were Control (natural photoperiod), 24G (24 hours dark), 18G6T (18 hours dark and 6 hours light), and 6G18T (6 hours dark and 18 hours light). The fishes were sampled once/14 days, 4 fishes/ aquarium/sampling. Parameters measured were length-weight relationship, condition factor, hepatosomatic index (HSI), viscerasomatic index (VSI), absolute length and weight, food conversion ratio (FCR), gonad development and body protein/fat. Results shown that photoperiod manipulation affects C. gariepinus morpho-anatomy and growth. The highest growth parameters and morpho-anotomy index were found in fish reared in 18G6T. By the end of the experiment, the b value of   length-weight relationship was 3.3205, absolute weight and length were 86.70 g and 17.23 cm, condition factor was 0.84, VSI was 25.31%, HSI was 11.42%, FCR was 1.43, and body protein and fat was 48.40% and 50.38%. In the fish reared in 24G treatment, b was 1.9262, 52.13 g BW and 14.19 cm SL, condition factor was 0.80, VSI was 23.30%, HSI was 9.38%, FCR was 2.47, and body protein and fat was 48.08% and 49.53%. In the fish reared in 6G18T, b was 2.6903,49.45 g BW and 13.79 cm SL, condition factor was 0.79, VSI was 23.30%, HSI was 6.80%, FCR was 1.91, and body protein and fat was 46.64% and 49.00%. Fish reared in natural photoperiod (control) shown the lowest results b was 2.0418, 51.68 g BW and 14.21 cm SL, condition factor was 0.79, VSI was 19.58%, HSI was 6.96%, FCR was 2.20, and body protein and fat was 43.95% and 47.77%.Early developing gonad (1st maturity stage) was only found in fish reared in 18G6T. Based on data obtained it can be concluded that the photoperiod manipulation affect the morpho-anatomy and growth of C. gariepinus.

scholarly journals Biología reproductiva y contenido bioquímico gonadal de la cabrilla arenera, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus en la región de Bahía de Kino, Sonora//Reproductive biology and biochemical gonadal content of the spotted sand bass, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus in Kino Bay, Sonora

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Enrique De-la-Re-Vega ◽  
Lorenzo Enrique Costich-González ◽  
Rafael Del Rio-Salas ◽  
Reina Castro-Longoria ◽  
José Manuel Grijalva-Chon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Gonadal Maturity ◽  
Sustainable Fishery ◽  
Histological Procedure ◽  
Spotted Sand Bass ◽  
Paralabrax Maculatofasciatus

A pesar de la importancia económica que representa la cabrilla arenera, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus, la información acerca de sus aspectos reproductivos es escasa, por lo que se investigó su biología reproductiva así como su composición proximal de la gónada. Para ello, se capturaron 30 organismos mensualmente de marzo 2017 a febrero 2018. Los peces se midieron, pesaron y disectaron para obtener el factor de condición (K), el índice hepatosomático (IHS) y el índice gonadosomático (IGS). Adicionalmente, se preservó tejido de gónada para llevar a cabo el proceso histológico y la tinción hematoxilina-eosina. Los resultados indicaron que el IHS y el IGS fueron afectados significativamente (P<0.05). El análisis histológico evidenció la presencia de machos maduros en abril, así como de octubre a noviembre, y para las hembras, se observó la presencia de organismos desarrollados en abril y de octubre a diciembre. Adicionalmente, se detectó la presencia de organismos en transición de hembra a macho. El análisis proximal mostró el valor máximo de grasa en abril, lo cual coincidió con el menor valor de humedad. El análisis de proporción mostró una significativa dominancia de machos. Los datos obtenidos en la presente investigación coadyuvarán en la implementación de programas de protección para la especie.ABSTRACTDespite the economic importance of sand bass, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus, little information regarding its reproductive aspects is known. In this study, gonadal maturity stage, biological indexes, proximate gonad composition and sex ratio proportion were determined. A total of 30 wild spotted sand bass were monthly obtained from March 2017 to February 2018. Organisms were measured, weighted and dissected in order to obtain the condition factor (K), hepatosomatic index (IHS) and gonadosomatic index (IGS). A small portion of gonad was preserved to perform the histological procedure, and stained with Harris´ hematoxilineosin technique. The results indicate that somatic indexes were significantly affected (P<0.05) in terms of IHS and IGS. Histological analysis showed the presence of ripe males in April and from October to November, and for females, the presence of developed organisms was observed in April and from October to December. Additionally, the presence of transitional organisms from female to male was observed. The proximate analysis showed the maximum crude fat value in April, which coincides with the lowest moisture value. Sex proportion showed a significant male dominance. These data provide valuable information for the development of protection programs to encourage a sustainable fishery of the species.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Reproductive Indices and Gonadal Development of Clarias gariepinus Fed Chicken Offal and Shrimp Based Diets

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Raymond Odey Ajang ◽  
Akaninyene Paul Joseph ◽  
Ettah Akpang Ivon ◽  
Elvis Monfung Ayim
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Female Gonad ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Gonad Weight ◽  
Reproductive Indices

The study on the reproductive indices and gonadal development of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed shrimp based diet (SBD), chicken offal based diet (COBD) and coppens (commercial diet) was carried-out over a 22 weeks period in concrete tanks measuring 3.5 x 1.7 x 1.5 m3          (8.9 m3). Forty juveniles with average length of 9.15 ± 0.17 cm and weight of 20.00 ± 4.53 g were stored per group in triplicate, resulting in 360 juveniles in total. Fish were fed daily at 3% of their body weight through-out the duration of the experiment. The nutrient composition of the 3 nutrients differed significantly at p<0.05. The dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH and ammonia levels in the culture water with fish fed the 3 diets were within the required level for normal fish growth through-out the experiment. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the male C. gariepinus fed diet A (Coppens feed), diet B (SBD) and diet C (COBD) were 0.35 ± 0.03%, 0.41 ± 0.04% and 0.36 ± 0.02% respectively. Female C. gariepinus fed diet A, diet B and diet C had a mean GSI of 1.17 ± 0.26%, 0.88 ± 0.27% and 0.77 ± 0.06% respectively. The male gonad weight and GSI varied significantly between the treatment group fed coppens, shrimp based diet and chicken offal based diet (p<0.05), while female gonad weight and GSI did not vary significantly between treatment groups (p>0.05). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) of the male C. gariepinus fed diet A, diet B and diet C were 1.36 ± 0.07%, 1.18 ± 0.07% and 1.21 ± 0.06% respectively. Female C. gariepinus fed diet A, diet B and diet C had a mean HSI of 1.27 ± 0.09%, 1.20 ± 0.06% and 4.27 ± 0.38% respectively. The male and female HSI varied insignificantly between the treatment group at p>0.05. Fecundity was highest (3200 ± 717.90 eggs) in fish fed diet A, followed by fish fed diet B (2392 ± 749 eggs) and least in fish fed diet C (1973 ± 184 eggs). The mean fecundity varied significantly between the fish fed the 3 experimental diet at p<0.05. Normal arrangement of the oocytes, liver and testis was observed in fish fed COBD and SBD, just as in the case of the group fed coppens. Though coppens feed yielded better fecundity, the use of COBD and SBD is recommended for fish farmers in Nigeria. More researches should be carried out on using varying levels of chicken offals and shrimps in fish feed formulation.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performances and Egg Qualities in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Broodstocks Supplemented with Curcumin and Thyroxine Hormone

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Livana Dethris Rawung ◽  
Damiana Rita Ekastuti ◽  
Muhammad Zairin Junior ◽  
Min Rahminiwati ◽  
Ade Sunarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was designed to study the effects of curcumin and thyroxine hormone supplementation in the diet to improve the reproductive performance of catfish broodstock by improving egg quality that eventually increases the production of seedlings. Catfish used in this experiment were supplemented with curcumin and thyroxine hormone through their feeds for 12 weeks. The results showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), percentage of gonad maturity, total cholesterol concentration in the spawned eggs, high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration in the spawned eggs, fertilization rate of spawned eggs, and hatching rate of fertilized eggs.  However, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration of vitellogenin in the spawned eggs, egg diameter of the spawned eggs, and the triglycerides contents of spawned eggs. It was concluded that curcumin and thyroxine supplementations of African catfish increased vitellogenin concentrations and diameters of spawned eggs that have great potential to improve the reproductive performance.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN SLUDGE SEBAGAI PAKAN CALON INDUK IKAN NILA MERAH (Oreochromis sp.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Rustidja Rustidja
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Maturation Index

The aim of study was to know the effect of sludge in the ration on the gonadal growth of Oreochromis sp. broodstock. Experimental design used in this experiment was completely Randomized Design. The broodstocks were fed with the ration containing 0-40% of sludge, or with a commercial fish feed as a control.The results were not significantly differences between the treatment in all parameters. The sludge in ration ranging from 0 to 40% resulted the level of gonadal maturation of 4, 6, 7, dan 9. The value of Gonadal Maturation Index on 0,96 to 3,98 % and the control group on 1,75 %. The specific growth rate of broodstock fed with the ration ranged from 1,1 to 1,62 Bw/day and that of the development of gonadal control group was 1,97. The survival rate were variated between 14,29 to 100% and that of the development of gonadal control group is 71,43%. The ration containing 40% sludge is the most suitable feed for maturation in Oreochromis.

Small-scale temporal and spatial variation in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) life history

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1111-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara M McIntyre ◽  
Jeffrey A Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
High Fecundity

Life histories of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) from the Gulf of St. Lawrence south to Georges Bank differ significantly through time and space. Within the Southern Gulf, fecundity per unit body mass differed by more than 40% over short (2 years) and long (42–45 years) periods of time. Significant variation in size-specific fecundity is also evident among populations: Southern Gulf cod produce almost 30% more eggs per unit body mass than those on Georges Bank, whereas fecundity of Scotian Shelf cod is almost half that of cod in Sydney Bight. Compared with those on Georges Bank, Southern Gulf cod life histories are characterized by high fecundity, late maturity, high gonadosomatic index, and large eggs. Relative to the influence of body size, neither temporal nor spatial differences in fecundity can be attributed to physiological condition, as reflected by liver weight, hepatosomatic index, and Fulton's K. Delayed maturity and higher reproductive allotment among Southern Gulf cod can be explained as selection responses to slower growth, higher prereproductive mortality, and fewer lifetime reproductive events. Patterns of covariation in heritable, fitness-related traits suggest the existence of adaptive variation and evolutionarily significant units at spatial scales considerably smaller than the species range in the Northwest Atlantic.

Studies on fecundity and spawning of blue crab (Callinectes Amnicola) in Cross River Estuary

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
J. Otoyo ◽  
S.M. Ameh ◽  
O.K. Achema
Keyword(s):  
Blue Crab ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Cross River ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cross River Estuary ◽  
Egg Diameter

Studies on identification of species, fecundity and development stages of blue crab, (Callinectes amnicola) were investigated at the Cross River Estuary between the months of December, 2018 and May, 2019. The parameters used for the study were gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices, egg diameter and counts. All measurements followed standard procedures. Gonadosomatic index was at its peak in December (88.9) and April (83.3). This coincided with the peak in egg size suggesting that spawning occurred twice within the period.The low values of hepatosomatic index around December (1.20) and April (0.45) added to confirm the spawning in these months. The species spawns at a mean egg size of 17.55mm. The dimension of crabs examined were in the following range: carapace length 40.0 to 70.0mm, carapace width, 5.0 to 60mm and body weight 40.0 to 140.0g. The relationship between fecundity and weight of crab was  significant (r = 0.295: p<0.05), indicating positive correlation. Absolute fecundity of the species ranged between 1,375 and 225,132 eggs. The smallest crab with egg had a carapace width of 39.5mm and weight of 46.9g. Spawning at this size seems to be a strategy adopted by the species to cope with exploitation pressure. The result of this study revealed that C. amnicola had a high reproductive potentials. Hence, adequate regulation is required to enhance sustainability of the species in the Cross River Estuary.

Gonadal cycle of the blue crab Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775) (Decapoda, Portunoidea) in the Mediterranean Sea off Alexandria, Egypt

Crustaceana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Gaber ◽  
Mauro Luisetto ◽  
Oleg Latyshev
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Portunus Segnis

Abstract Adults of Portunus segnis were captured from Ras el Tin beach on the Mediterranean Sea at Alexandria, Egypt, from January to December 2017. Male crabs are present in higher density in the sea during fall and winter, while female crabs are more common during spring and summer. Sex ratios were calculated as follows: number of males or females/total number of crabs. The calculated sex ratios were subjected to a Chi-square test according to the equation: , where O represents the observed frequency and E the expected frequency. One-way analysis of variance shows differences in the carapace size (length and width) and the weight of males and females during the four seasons. The hepatosomatic index of male crabs ranges from 9.1-9.25 in winter months, 8.7-7.9 in fall, being lower, 3.12-2.25, in spring and 5.96-4.13 in summer. The hepatosomatic index of female crabs is 8.9-3.9 in spring, 9.2-7.9 in summer, shifts lower to 5.1-3.2 in fall and to 4.2-1.5 in winter. The gonadosomatic index of female crabs is 0.12-8.2 in spring, 0.20-13.9 in summer and decreases to 0.66-7.8 in fall and 0.18-4.7 in winter. Ovaries and testes were isolated, fixed, and prepared for histological examination. The testicular lobes are surrounded by simple epithelium with haemolymph filling the interspaces. Seminiferous ducts are inserted in the testicular lobes. Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis are described. The vas deferens is usually filled with spermatophores. Spermatophore formation begins in the testis near the vas deferens. Near the base of the penes there is glandular tissue. This study proposes the classification of the ovarian maturation into five stages: Stage I, Immature ovary with primary and secondary oogonia; Stage II, early maturing ovary with germ cells in different maturation phases; Stage III, mature ovary with vitellogenic oocytes and germ cells; Stage IV, maturing ovary with oocytes I, II and fully mature oocytes; and Stage V, ovary in regeneration. The wall of the spermatheca consists of a stratified squamous epithelium.

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