66 Blood MicroRNAomes Revealed Signatures of Lameness Phenotypes in Feedlot Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
Wentao Li ◽  
Eóin O’Hara ◽  
Hui-Zeng Sun ◽  
Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein ◽  
Leluo Guan
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Lameness is a significant health issue in Canadian feedlots resulting in substantial economic losses. However, the high frequency of misdiagnosis of lameness using traditional methods leads to ineffective treatment, suggesting a new diagnostic method is needed. Growing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as biomarkers for identifying the animals’ physiological status and the diagnosis of certain diseases, but this approach has not been utilized in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to compare blood miRNA profiles between lame and healthy cattle to investigate the relationship between miRNA expression patterns and specific lameness phenotypes. Blood samples were collected from 156 feedlot cattle at 0, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after being diagnosed with either digital dermatitis (DD; n=62), toe tip necrosis syndrome (TTNS; n = 40), or footrot (FR; n = 40) and healthy controls (HC; n = 12) for miRNA libraries construction and sequencing. A total of 314 expressed miRNAs were identified in 89 blood samples collected at week 0 across all groups, with TTN having the largest number of expressed miRNAs (291, P < 0.01) compared to all other groups (HC=276, DD=281, FR=278). Although miRNA profiles did not differ among the lameness types, type-specific miRNAs were identified; 6 in DD, 10 in TTN, 5 in FR and 7 in HC cattle. In addition, 3, 6 and 7 DE miRNAs were detected in DD, TTNS and FR when compared with HC cattle. Most of the DE and group-specific miRNAs are related to inflammation and skin diseases. The DE miRNAs were different between week 0 and all other weeks, indicating miRNA profiles may differ over time and with disease progression and recovery. These findings provide an initial understanding of the relationship between the cattle blood miRNAome and lameness and suggest that miRNA expression holds promise in the discovery of novel biomarkers for identifying lameness.

scholarly journals Economic impacts of lameness in feedlot cattle1

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Davis-Unger ◽  
E. A. Pajor ◽  
K. Schwartzkopf-Genswein ◽  
S. Marti ◽  
C. Dorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Infection ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Healthy Cattle

Abstract Lameness is an important health issue in feedlot cattle; however, there is a paucity of information regarding its economic impact. Decision tree models are excellent tools for assessing costs of disease such as the net return (net return = benefit – cost). Models were developed using expert opinion, literature and retrospective feedlot data provided by Vet-Agri Health Services (VAHS, Airdrie, Alberta, Canada) collected from 2005 to 2015 on individually treated cattle (n = 30,940) from 28 feedlots. The objective was to estimate net return of various lameness diagnoses and impacts of cattle type, season of treatment, and extreme high and low cattle prices. Cattle were diagnosed as lame according to the following categories: foot rot, foot rot in heavy cattle (BW > 363 kg at treatment), injury, lame with no visible swelling, and joint infection. Records consisted of arrival and treatment weight, cost of treatment, and cattle deaths. Records included cattle types classified as: fall calves (heifer and steer), winter calves (heifer and steer) and yearling cattle (heifer and steer). Lastly, variables ADG, days on feed (DOF), and Season (spring, summer, fall, and winter) were created. Models estimated net return using cattle slaughter prices for healthy cattle that reached a slaughter weight of 635 kg and for three possible outcomes for each diagnosis after final treatment: cattle that recovered after treatment and reached a slaughter weight of 635 kg; cattle that were removed before they reached slaughter weight; or cattle that died. Compared to undiagnosed cattle with 1.36 kg/d ADG, cattle diagnosed with foot rot and foot rot heavy cattle had the highest ADG until first treatment (1.14 and 1.57 kg/d, respectively) and differed significantly (P < 0.05) compared to cattle diagnosed with injuries (0.87 kg/d), lame with no visible swelling (0.64 kg/d), and joint infections (0.53 kg/d). Yearling steers had the most positive returns compared to all other cattle types. Cattle with lighter arrival weight had lower ADG and increased economic losses after treatment compared to heavier weighted cattle on arrival. Based on average slaughter prices over a 10-yr period for healthy cattle, return was $690. Return after final treatment for cattle with foot rot was $568, foot rot in heavy cattle was $695, and injury was $259. However, joint infections and lame with no visible swelling had negative returns of –$286 and –$701, respectively.

scholarly journals Systematic Assessment of Blood-Borne MicroRNAs Highlights Molecular Profiles of Endurance Sport and Carbohydrate Uptake

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Kern ◽  
Nicole Ludwig ◽  
Christina Backes ◽  
Esther Maldener ◽  
Tobias Fehlmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Blood Samples

Multiple studies endorsed the positive effect of regular exercise on mental and physical health. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying training-induced fitness in combination with personal life-style remain largely unexplored. Circulating biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs) offer themselves for studying systemic and cellular changes since they can be collected from the bloodstream in a low-invasive manner. In Homo sapiens miRNAs are known to regulate a substantial number of protein-coding genes in a post-transcriptional manner and hence are of great interest to understand differential gene expression profiles, offering a cost-effective mechanism to study molecular training adaption, and connecting the dots from genomics to observed phenotypes. Here, we investigated molecular expression patterns of 2549 miRNAs in whole-blood samples from 23 healthy and untrained adult participants of a cross-over study, consisting of eight weeks of endurance training, with several sessions per week, followed by 8 weeks of washout and another 8 weeks of running, using microarrays. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two study groups, one of which administered carbohydrates before each session in the first training period, and switching the treatment group for the second training period. During running sessions clinical parameters as heartbeat frequency were recorded. This information was extended with four measurements of maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) for each participant. We observed that multiple circulating miRNAs show expression changes after endurance training, leveraging the capability to separate the blood samples by training status. To this end, we demonstrate that most of the variance in miRNA expression can be explained by both common and known biological and technical factors. Our findings highlight six distinct clusters of miRNAs, each exhibiting an oscillating expression profile across the four study timepoints, that can effectively be utilized to predict phenotypic VO 2 max levels. In addition, we identified miR-532-5p as a candidate marker to determine personal alterations in physical training performance on a case-by-case analysis taking the influence of a carbohydrate-rich nutrition into account. In literature, miR-532-5p is known as a common down-regulated miRNA in diabetes and obesity, possibly providing a molecular link between cellular homeostasis, personal fitness levels, and health in aging. We conclude that circulating miRNA expression can be altered due to regular endurance training, independent of the carbohydrate (CHO) availability in the training timeframe. Further validation studies are required to confirm the role of exercise-affected miRNAs and the extraordinary function of miR-532-5p in modulating the metabolic response to a high availability of glucose.

scholarly journals Highly Ordered Architecture of MicroRNA Cluster

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Shi ◽  
Mingxuan Zhu ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Mandun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Mirna Cluster ◽  
Microrna Cluster ◽  
Mirna Clusters ◽  
Mirna Expression Level ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
The Relationship

Although it is known that the placement of genes in a cluster may be critical for proper expression patterns, it remains largely unclear whether the orders of members in an miRNA cluster have biological insights. By investigating the relationship between expression and orders for miRNAs from the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster, we observed a highly ordered architecture in this cluster. A significant correlation between miRNA expression level and its placement was revealed. More importantly, the placement of these miRNAs is associated with their dysregulation in cancer. Here, we presented the opinion that miRNA clusters are not arranged randomly but show highly ordered architectures, which may have critical roles in physiology and pathology.

scholarly journals 57 President Oral Presentation Pick: The exploration of blood microRNA profiling in feedlot cattle with different lameness phenotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Wentao Li ◽  
Eóin O’Hara ◽  
Huizeng Sun ◽  
Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein ◽  
Leluo L Guan
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Lameness is a significant economic and welfare issue in feedlot production. Effective treatment depends on diagnosing the cause of lameness accurately. There is increasing evidence that circulating microRNAs may serve as useful biomarkers for diagnosing disease. However, their association with lameness in feedlot cattle is currently unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate whether blood miRNA profiles can be associated with a specific lameness phenotype. Blood samples were collected via venepuncture (into Tempus™ Blood RNA Tubes) from 39 feedlot cattle diagnosed with digital dermatitis (DD; n = 2), toe tip necrosis syndrome (TTNS; n = 5), footrot (FR; n = 26) and healthy controls (HC; n = 6) for miRNA profiling using RNA sequencing. Samples were obtained at the time each animal was pulled from their pens for medical treatment. Total RNA was extracted from blood samples and subjected to small RNA libraries construction and RNA-sequencing. The sequence data analysis was performed using a web-based tool, sRNAtoolbox. A total of 596 miRNAs were identified across 39 blood samples with the expression of 444, 437, 465 and 575 miRNAs detected in the HC, DD, TTNS and FR groups, respectively. In addition, group-specific miRNAs were identified with 9 in the DD group, 45 in the TTN group, 28 in the FR group and 2 in the HC group. Moreover, 41, 8 and 36 differential expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were detected in DD, TTNS and FR groups, respectively, when compared to the HC group using DeSeq2. These data suggest that miRNA profiles may differ according to lameness diagnosis in beef cattle. However, further investigation incorporating functional analyses of miRNA, increased sample size and the physiological profile of the animals are required to better understand the relationship between blood miRNA profiles and lameness in feedlot cattle.

scholarly journals PSIV-22 Validation of 26a and let7 microRNA as early pregnancy markers in single cow blood samples, at day 28 after embryo transfer

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
Jorge A De los Santos ◽  
João Paulo N Andrade ◽  
Jodi L Berndtson ◽  
Jorge de L Santos
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Molecular Interaction ◽  
Mirna Family ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Exciting Opportunity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pooled Samples

Abstract In this work we validated the previous scientific reports done in pooled samples by two different groups, over the miRNA expression in single blood from pregnant cows. Particularly we indagate the expression at day 28 after embryo transfer of let 7a, and 26a as well as 16 microRNAs (miRNA) family. By qPCR technique, we demonstrated that let 7a, and 26a increase maximum 2.1 and 2.6 fold change respectively in pregnant vs non-pregnant nulliparous heifers. This represents an exciting opportunity to use the differential expression of these miRNAs as early pregnancy markers and better understand the relationship with the cellular and molecular interaction between mother and embryo.

scholarly journals MicroRNA Involvement in Osteosarcoma

Sarcoma ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Kobayashi ◽  
Francis J. Hornicek ◽  
Zhenfeng Duan
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiles ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, usually arising in the long bones of adolescents and young adults. While our knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of OS has increased in recent years, we are still far from a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the disease, such as its tumorigenesis, specific mediators of disease progression, occurrence of chemoresistance, and development of metastasis. After the recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs), their critical roles in molecular biological processes have been of great interest in the cancer research field, including research on sarcomas. MiRNAs are highly conserved noncoding RNAs which play important roles as oncogenic or suppressive genes to simultaneously regulate multiple targets. Recent genome-wide screening using miRNA expression profiles has identified specific miRNA expression patterns that are associated with the biological and clinical properties of cancers. Additionally, miRNAs and their target genes or proteins can be potential novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cancer. However, there are several challenges that must be addressed in order to translate miRNA-based therapeutics to the clinical setting. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the roles that miRNAs play in OS, and highlight their potential as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

The Predominant microRNAs in β-cell Clusters for Insulin Regulation and Diabetic Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 722-734
Author(s):  
Adele Soltani ◽  
Arefeh Jafarian ◽  
Abdolamir Allameh
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiles ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
The Impact

micro (mi)-RNAs are vital regulators of multiple processes including insulin signaling pathways and glucose metabolism. Pancreatic β-cells function is dependent on some miRNAs and their target mRNA, which together form a complex regulative network. Several miRNAs are known to be directly involved in β-cells functions such as insulin expression and secretion. These small RNAs may also play significant roles in the fate of β-cells such as proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis. Among the miRNAs, miR-7, miR-9, miR-375, miR-130 and miR-124 are of particular interest due to being highly expressed in these cells. Under diabetic conditions, although no specific miRNA profile has been noticed, the expression of some miRNAs and their target mRNAs are altered by posttranscriptional mechanisms, exerting diverse signs in the pathobiology of various diabetic complications. The aim of this review article is to discuss miRNAs involved in the process of stem cells differentiation into β-cells, resulting in enhanced β-cell functions with respect to diabetic disorders. This paper will also look into the impact of miRNA expression patterns on in vitro proliferation and differentiation of β-cells. The efficacy of the computational genomics and biochemical analysis to link the changes in miRNA expression profiles of stem cell-derived β-cells to therapeutically relevant outputs will be discussed as well.

T-cell Activation Induces Dynamic Changes in miRNA Expression Patterns in CD4 and CD8 T-cell Subsets

MicroRNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nato Teteloshvili ◽  
Katarzyna Smigielska-Czepiel ◽  
Bart-Jan Kroesen ◽  
Elisabeth Brouwer ◽  
Joost Kluiver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Dynamic Changes

scholarly journals Correlation between L-Lactate Concentrations in Beef Cattle, Obtained Using a Hand-Held Lactate Analyzer and a Lactate Assay Colorimetric Kit

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Daniela M. Meléndez ◽  
Sonia Marti ◽  
Luigi Faucitano ◽  
Derek B. Haley ◽  
Timothy D. Schwinghamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Lactate is a product of anaerobic glycolysis, used in animal research as an indicator of muscle fatigue. Therefore, it has been used as an indicator of cattle response to long distance transportation. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of L-lactate concentrations measured using a Lactate Scout+ analyzer and a traditional lactate assay colorimetric kit. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture from 96 steers (Black or Red Angus × Hereford/Simmental and Black or Red Angus × Charolais; 247 ± 38.2 kg BW) prior to loading (LO1) and after 36 h of transport, and prior to reloading and after an additional 4 h of road transportation, and on d 1, 2, 3, 5, 14, and 28 after transport. The Lactate Scout+ analyzer strip was dipped in blood at the time of sampling, while blood samples were collected into sodium fluoride tubes for use in the colorimetric analysis. Pearson correlations were calculated to assess the strength of the relationship between the experimental methods for the quantification of L-lactate concentrations. The magnitude and direction of the correlation, and the level of statistical significance varied over the observed time points, ranging from r = −0.03 (p = 0.75; LO1) to r = 0.75 (p < 0.0001; d 3). The correlation for the pooled data was weak but statistically significant (r = 0.33, p < 0.0001). Based on the low magnitude of the correlation due to variability across sampling time points in this study, the Lactate Scout+ analyzer is not a suitable alternative to a lab-based assay (considered the gold standard) for measuring L-lactate in transported cattle.

scholarly journals PSVII-3 Correlations between L-lactate concentrations obtained using a handheld lactate analyser and a lactate assay colorimetric kit in beef cattle transported by road

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
Daniela M Meléndez ◽  
Sonia Marti ◽  
Luigi Faucitano ◽  
Derek B Haley ◽  
Timothy D Schwinghamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Handheld Device ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Blood metabolites are used to assess a variety of animal conditions for veterinary diagnosis and research. Concentration of metabolites in blood can be measured using a commercially-available lab-based assay or in real-time using a handheld device developed to be more time- and cost-effective than the lab-based method. Lactate is a product of anaerobic glycolysis, used in animal research as an indicator of muscle fatigue. Therefore, it has been used as an indicator of cattle response to long distance transportation. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of L-lactate concentrations measured using a Lactate Scout+ analyzer (Lactate Scout, EFK Diagnostics, Barleben, Germany) and a lactate assay colorimetric kit (Lactate Assay Kit, Cell Biolabs Inc., San Diego, CA). Blood samples were collected by venipuncture from 96 steers (245 ± 35.7 kg BW) prior to (L1) and after 36 h, and prior to and after an additional 4 h of road transportation, and on d 1, 2, 3, 5, 14, and 28 after transport. The Lactate Scout+ analyzer strip was dipped in blood at the time of sampling, while blood samples were collected into sodium fluoride tubes for use in colorimetric analysis. Pearson correlations were calculated to determine the relationship between the experimental methods for the quantification of L-lactate concentrations. The strengths and levels of statistical significance of the correlation varied over the observed time points, r = -0.03, P = 0.75 (L1) to r = 0.75, P = &lt; 0.0001 (d 3). The correlation for the pooled data was weak but statistically significant (r = 0.33, P &lt; 0.001). Based on the experimental results, the Lactate Scout+ analyzer is not a suitable alternative to a lab-based assay for measuring L-lactate in transported cattle, due to variability across sampling time points and weak correlation with the traditional enzymatic method.

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