What Is Individual in Communicating

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-160
Author(s):  
Robert B. Arundale
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Everyday Talk ◽  
Yin Yang ◽  
The Individual

Prior chapters emphasize what is social in human communicating, yet what is social is linked in a yin/yang dialectic with what is individual. Chapter 4 examines what is individual in Communicating & Relating’s account of conjoint co-constituting. Two new assumptive commitments emphasize what is individual in human communicating, as bases for sketching prior psycholinguistic research on both comprehending and producing utterances, and for clarifying Communicating & Relating’s conceptualizations of meaning, action, and context. That background enables framing the Sequential Interpreting Processes and the Recipient Design Processes, from the perspective of the participants, as the individual, psychological processes integral with conjoint co-constituting. Both sets of processes are apparent in examining an episode of everyday talk and conduct.

Culture’s Constraints

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele J. Gelfand ◽  
Nava Caluori ◽  
Sarah Gordon ◽  
Jana Raver ◽  
Lisa Nishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
The Individual

Research on culture has generally ignored social situations, and research on social situations has generally ignored culture. In bringing together these two traditions, we show that nations vary considerably in the strength of social situations, and this is a key conceptual and empirical bridge between macro and distal cultural processes and micro and proximal psychological processes. The model thus illustrates some of the intervening mechanisms through which distal societal factors affect individual processes. It also helps to illuminate why cultural differences persist at the individual level, as they are adaptive to chronic differences in the strength of social situations. The strength of situations across cultures can provide new insights into cultural differences in a wide range of psychological processes.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLINGUISTIC FEATURES OF IMAGINATION AS A COMPONENT OF LUDIC COMPETENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Iuliia Kobzieva ◽  
Iia Gordiienko-Mytrofanova ◽  
Serhii Sauta
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Gender Identification ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Inner World

Ludic competence is an integral part of the professional competence of would-be psychologists; the psycholinguistic features of imagination are in turn an integral component of the ludic competence. We used the method of applied psycholinguistic research in order to define and explain the psycholinguistic features of imagination as a component of the ludic competence. The main stage of the research was a free association test with the stimulus word “imagination”, as the most elaborated technique of semantic analysis. The psycholinguistic features of imagination as a notion that belongs to the inner world and as a component of the ludic competence were reflected in everyday linguistic consciousness as three core (more than 10 %) semantic clusters: (a) associates that reflect psychological processes and states (54.5 %); (b) associates that are connected with creative activity (25.5 %); and (c) associates that describe the outside world (11 %). Imagination was mostly represented by lexemes with abstract semantics. The semantic content of the word “imagination” did not depend on gender identification. Both male and female respondents showed a positive emotional attitude to the stimulus “imagination” and evaluated it as something positive. Our data confirm that the psycholinguistic experiment and the method of free association, in particular, can be extensively applied beyond linguistics and prove to be rather effective.

scholarly journals Some Results of Psycholinguistic Research of Polycode Advertising Texts: Gender Factor Influence

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Antonina V. Annenkova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Media Image ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Space Expansion ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Gender Groups

Modern society is constantly changing and evolving, and the era of globalization and informatization leads to profound transformation of moral guidelines and personal space expansion due to deeper human immersion into the world of mass media. Image advertising is considered as one of the most common phenomena in the information era and can be characterized as a polycode text consisting of elements of different sign systems. The main purpose of such advertising is to change person's consumer behavior and form visions, desired by an advertising creator, in the consumer's individual lexicon. The article focuses on the study of peculiarities of image advertising visions functioning in the individual lexicon as well as their impact on an individual under a special advertising communicative situation depending on gender factor. To verify the thesis of differences in the strategies of image advertising perception applied by representatives of different gender groups, we have conducted the experimental research using the semantic differential; some results and their analysis are given in the article.

scholarly journals Consequences of Repression of Emotion: Physical Health, Mental Health and General Well Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Jainish Patel ◽  
Prittesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
The Individual ◽  
General Wellbeing

The widely held belief that emotional and psychological processes affect our physical health, mental health and general well-being are central to a holistic view of the individual, and as such, it is a useful foundational concept in integrative medicine. The purpose of this paper is to review substantial amounts of the latest research and recent findings on this issue to enable us to throw some light on how inhibitory factors to emotional expression and experience can endanger our health, both physically and psychologically including our general wellbeing. In addition, the connection between repression of emotion and certain mental disorders like depression and scientifically proven healthy ways to manage issues bordering on emotion was outlined. The information contained in this paper is just as important to health care providers and also to the patients they deal with

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of a newly developed learning difficulties scale in the Omani society

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
pp. 771-786
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Al-Qaryout ◽  
Maher M. Abu-Hilal ◽  
Humaira Alsulaimani
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Learning Difficulty ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Measure Anova ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Attention Memory ◽  
The Individual

Introduction. Learning difficulties (LD) is a recent construct. It has been agreed that the individual who suffers from learning difficulty has a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes, including attention, cognition, formation of concepts, memory, problem solving, understanding or reading, speaking or writing, or computing.Method. This study was designed to test the construct (convergent and discriminate) validity of this conception of LD with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Also, responses of normal students were compared to responses of students identified as having learning difficulty. The sample comprised 410 children from Muscat School Zone, who were rated by their teachers (30) teachers based on the newly questionnaire. The questionnaire is composed by six domains and each measures one component of difficulties. These components are difficulties in: perception, attention, memory, writing, arithmetic and reading.Results. Reliability analysis and factor analysis revealed that the measure possesses both reliability and factorial validity.Discussion and conclusion. The CFA confirmed the structure of the measure. ANOVA revealed significant differences between normal and LD children on most of the LD components, the providing further support to its construct validity

scholarly journals A Study Mutual Fund Investors Behavior in Kerala

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Sanesh. C ◽  
Greeshma. V
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
General Base ◽  
Corporate Securities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Type Of Institution ◽  
Investment Choices

<div><p><em>A mutual fund is a special type of institution, a trust or an investment company which acts as an investment intermediary and invests the savings of large number of people to the corporate securities in such a way that investors get steady returns, capital appreciation and a low risk. This article focus on investors behaviour towards mutual fund schemes is done at a general base. . These expectations of investors are influenced by their perception and humans generally relate perception to action. Investor’s behaviour may change from period to period even if the other variables influencing the behaviour are held constant. The individual investors’ decision making often relies on observable socio-demographic variables to proxy for inherent psychological processes that drive investment choices.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Becoming a strategist: The roles of strategy discourse and ontological security in managerial identity work

2020 ◽  
pp. 147612702090878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saku Mantere ◽  
Richard Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Identity Work ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Ontological Security ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Emotional Basis ◽  
Opening Up

What is the managerial identity work involved in becoming a “strategist”? Building on a rich, longitudinal set of interviews, we uncover three tactics through which managers mobilize the strategist identity. The self-measurement tactic uses strategy discourse as a normative measuring stick for evaluating the individual as a manager. The self-construction tactic uses strategy discourse as a blueprint for realizing career aspirations. The final self-actualization tactic uses strategy discourse as an emotional basis for crafting meaning into work. We find that strategy discourse can play both disciplinary and emancipatory roles, influenced by managers’ sense of ontological security. The article highlights the importance of social-psychological processes in strategist identity work and discusses implications for the contemporary opening up of strategy and for other similarly loosely structured occupational groups.

Communicating & Relating

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Arundale
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language And Social Interaction ◽  
Everyday Talk ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Research

Communicating & Relating offers an account of how relating with one another emerges in communicating in everyday interacting. Prior work has indicated that human relationships arise in human communicating, and some studies have made arguments for why that is the case. Communicating & Relating moves beyond this work to offer an account of how both relating and face emerge in everyday talk and conduct: what comprises human communicating, what defines human social systems, how the social and the individual are linked in human life, and what comprises human relating and face. Part 1 develops the Conjoint Co-constituting Model of Communicating to address the question “How do participants constitute turns, actions, and meanings in everyday interacting?” Part 2 argues that the processes of constituting what is known cross-culturally as “face” are the processes of constituting relating, and develops Face Constituting Theory to address the question “How do participants constitute relating in everyday interacting?” The answers to both questions are grounded in evidence from everyday talk and conduct. Communicating & Relating is an invitation to engage its alternative account in research on communicating, relating, and face in language and social interaction. Like other volumes in the Foundations of Human Interaction series, Communicating & Relating offers new perspectives and new research on communicative interaction and on human relationships as key elements of human sociality.

The Need to Drink “too Much”

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Straus
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Span ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Medical Advances

Factors associated with the need to drink too much alcohol are considered within a biobehavioral frame of reference. The determination of how much is too much is traced to the nteraction of factors that include the nature of alcohol, biological variations in individual responses to alcohol, psychological processes, socio-cultural norms, medical advances affecting the average life span and the perception of alcohol's potential benefits and harms, and major societal and technological changes affecting the liabilities of intoxication. The concept of social dependency is suggested as a way of explaining persistent needs to drink excessively that originate outside the individual and are not impelled by physiological or psychological dependence.

scholarly journals Approaching Honor and Shame with Humility: Limitations to Our Current Understanding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Robert Dunaetz
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Shame Culture ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Honor And Shame

Although honor and shame have been popular missiological themes in the last decade, there are several limitations associated with the concepts that occur in both the missiological literature and the secular anthropological, sociological, and psychological literature. The first set of limitations concerns the meaning of honor and shame. Their definitions vary greatly from author to author. Some authors consider honor and shame to be emotions internal to the individual and others consider them as a measure of one’s social status, something external to the individual. Similarly, there is often no distinction made between shame and shame proneness. Their relationship with other self-conscious emotions (guilt, embarrassment, and pride) is not clear. Often the distinction between vicarious and individual shame and honor is blurred. The second set of limitations concerns our lack of understanding of how honor and shame relate to culture. Since shame dynamics exist in every culture, it is not clear what is meant by a “shame culture.” Modern conceptions of culture tend to view culture as a phenomenon that is due to psychological processes within individuals, rather than external to the individual. Characteristics of cultures are described by positions on dimensions. Shame cultures are often defined as those which are more collectivistic (vs. individualistic). However, many definitions of honor and shame indicate that the dimension of cultural tightness (or uncertainty avoidance) may be just as relevant for understanding shame dynamics, and the cultural dimension of power distance may also be relevant. In light of these limitations, missiologists need to approach the concepts of honor and shame with humility.

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