scholarly journals Prevalence of Motorcycle Helmet Use in Kathmandu, Nepal: An Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Steven M. Thygerson ◽  
Marion J. House ◽  
Robbie Chaney ◽  
Seshananda Sanjel
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Main Road ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Motorcycle Helmet ◽  
The City ◽  
Age Category

This study investigated the rate of helmet use among motorcycle drivers and passengers in Kathmandu, Nepal during the Fall of 2016, and compared helmet use rates based on highways, main roads and secondary roads in the city. The study design involved cross-sectional observations along roadways in Kathmandu, Nepal. The following variables were studied: helmet use, gender, age category (youth, adult, elder), and type of road (highway, main road, secondary road). Statistical analysis included general behavioral prevalence, relationship comparison via Fisher’s Exact Test, and odds ratios. A total of 1878 observations were made at 14 locations in Kathmandu; n=1321 observations of motorcycle drivers and n=557 observations of motorcycle passengers. Nearly all drivers used helmets (0.994 [1313/1321]; 95% CI: [0.988, 0.997]), whereas the vast majority of passengers did not wear helmets (0.014 [8/557]; 95% CI: [0.004, 0.021]). Helmet use was significantly different between drivers and passengers (

scholarly journals Hypermobility and sports injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Alexander Nathan ◽  
Kevin Davies ◽  
Ian Swaine
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Joint Dislocation ◽  
Ligament Sprain

ObjectiveTo determine whether there is an association between hypermobility and sports injury.MethodsA quantitative observational approach using a cross-sectional survey was adopted. Individuals were identified as hypermobile or not. All participants were asked to complete two questionnaires: one asking demographic information and the other injury-specific. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis.Results114 individuals participated in the study, 62 women and 52 men. 26% of the participants were hypermobile. There was no significant association between hypermobility and sports injury (p=0.66). There was a significant increase in joint and ligament sprain among the non-hypermobile (NH) group covering all sports (p=0.03). Joint dislocation was found exclusively among hypermobile individuals. The duration of injury in hypermobile individuals was higher than NH. The use of oral painkillers or anti-inflammatories in the semiprofessional group was greater than the general population.ConclusionHypermobility is relatively common among individuals, and there is a lot of anecdotal evidence associating it with increased rates of injuries. This project finds that NH individuals are more likely to sustain a ligament or joint sprain in sports. This is due to increased joint laxity and flexibility preventing injury. There were important limitations to this study which will be addressed in further work. These include assessing for pauciarticular hypermobility and focusing on one sport to investigate its association with sports injury in those who are hypermobile or not. It would also be important to focus on one specific joint, assessing its flexibility and association with injury.

scholarly journals Knowledge of healthcare professionals about rights of patient’s images

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Rodrigues Caires ◽  
Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira Lopes ◽  
Meiry Fernanda Pinto Okuno ◽  
Cássia Regina Vancini-Campanharo ◽  
Ruth Ester Assayag Batista
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City

Objective To assess knowledge of healthcare professionals about capture and reproduction of images of patients in a hospital setting. Methods A cross-sectional and observational study among 360 healthcare professionals (nursing staff, physical therapists, and physicians), working at a teaching hospital in the city of São Paulo (SP). A questionnaire with sociodemographic information was distributed and data were correlated to capture and reproduction of images at hospitals. Results Of the 360 respondents, 142 had captured images of patients in the last year, and 312 reported seeing other professionals taking photographs of patients. Of the participants who captured images, 61 said they used them for studies and presentation of clinical cases, and 168 professionals reported not knowing of any legislation in the Brazilian Penal Code regarding collection and use of images. Conclusion There is a gap in the training of healthcare professionals regarding the use of patient´s images. It is necessary to include subjects that address this theme in the syllabus of undergraduate courses, and the healthcare organizations should regulate this issue.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Demographical Characteristic and Central Obesity with Hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Desy Amanda ◽  
Santi Martini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Observational Study Design ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia was 25,80% in 2013 found in people aged above 18 years old. One of the risk factors is obesity. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the demographical characteristic and central obesity with the risk of hypertension in the health center of Sidoarjo. Methods: This analytical observational study design was cross sectional. There were 50 respondents selected through accidental sampling. The independent variables of this study were respondents’ characteristic and central obesity status. However, the dependent variable was hypertension. Overall, respondents were divided into two groups based on sex (female and male) and age (> 59 years old and ≤ 59 years old). Data were analyzed with chi-square statistical analysis. Results: Respondents with central obesity had a higher risk to get hypertension, with majority male respondents aged above 59 years old. Conclusion: There was a correlation between age and hypertension (p = 0,01), sex and hypertension (p = 0,04), also between central obesity status and hypertension (p = 0,01). 

scholarly journals Evaluation of prenatal care according to indicators for the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-450
Author(s):  
Carla Gisele Vaichulonis ◽  
Rodrigo Ribeiro e Silva ◽  
Andreza Iolanda Apati Pinto ◽  
Indianara Rodrigues Cruz ◽  
Ana Clara Mazzetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Universal Accessibility ◽  
The City

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate prenatal care provided to low-risk pregnant women users of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (Public Health System) in the city of Joinville, SC. Methods: this is a cross-sectional observational study carried out from March 2018 to February 2019, through interview and analysis of the Pregnant Card of puerperal over 18 years old, from Joinville, who underwent prenatal care at SUS, excluding recent given up puerperal. Prenatal care was evaluated according to the recommended criteria by the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program. Results: 683 mothers were interviewed. The criteria with the highest levels of adequacy were accessibility (99.6%), early initiation on prenatal care (92.7%) and 6 or more consultations (87.1%) and the criteria with the lowest rates of adequacy were the set of guidelines (17.7%) and the third and first trimester exams (42.5% and 63.5% respectively). Conclusion: it is concluded that the prenatal care provided by SUS in the city of Joinville, despite the almost universal accessibility, the early onset and the prevalence of puerperal women with more than 6 consultations, showed a sharp decline in the analysis of the recommended indicators.

scholarly journals Helmet use among motorcyclists: observational study in the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Daniel Ledesma ◽  
Raquel Inés Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
The City ◽  
Unfavorable Weather ◽  
Gender Type

The objective of the study was to assess the use of helmets in a community where helmet use is mandatory but low as there is no police enforcement. A sample comprising 451 motorcyclists in the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina, was studied in 2006. The following variables were studied: gender, type of motorcycle, weather conditions, time of the day, city area and type of road where motorcyclists traveled. Data were analyzed through a multiple logistic regression model. An overall 40% prevalence (95% CI: 35.5;44.5) of helmet use was found. Higher rates of helmet use were seen among women, and under unfavorable weather conditions, lower rates were found in the city outskirts, and variable use was seen according to the type of motorcycle. There is a need to improve law enforcement and to promote education of motorcyclists.

A cross-sectional observational study of helmet use among motorcyclists in Wa, Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millicent Awialie Akaateba ◽  
Richard Amoh-Gyimah ◽  
Ibrahim Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helmet Use

scholarly journals Trends in fruit, vegetable and salad intakes in 9–10-year-old schoolchildren living in Liverpool, 2000–2005

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Johnson ◽  
AF Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Fruit ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The City

AbstractObjectiveTo report on the fruit, vegetable and salad intakes of Liverpool schoolchildren aged 9–10 years over a 5-year period (2000–2005).DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingBetween 75 and 100 Liverpool primary schools took part in each survey year.SubjectsSubjects consisted of five separate cohorts of 9–10-year-old children from all areas of the city.Main outcome measuresNumber and proportion of boys and girls who reported eating fruit, vegetables and salad on the previous day.ResultsThere was an upward trend in the reported intake of fruit between 2002 and 2005. Girls were more likely than boys to report eating fruit (P < 0.001). The trend in salad intake was positive. Between 2000 and 2005 there were significant increases in the number of boys (χ2 = 17.57, P = 0.001) and girls (χ2 = 80.56, P = 0.001) eating salad. Girls were significantly more likely to eat salad than boys in all years (χ2 = 58.75, P = 0.001). Trends in vegetable intake were similar to those for salad, with both sexes reporting yearly increases over the 5-year period. The increase in the number of boys who reported eating vegetables between 2000 and 2005 was 23.5% (χ2 = 32.9, P = 0.000). In girls there was a 44.8% increase over the same period (χ2 = 110.3, P < 0.000).ConclusionsThe data reveal positive trends in the fruit, vegetable and salad intakes of Liverpool schoolchildren between 2000 and 2005. Further research is needed to elucidate the specific factors that have enabled the changes to take place.

scholarly journals PENGARUH INFEKSI KECACINGAN TERHADAP STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK DI SDN 2 BARABAI DARAT KALIMANTAN SELATAN TAHUN 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Aulia Azizaturridha ◽  
Istiana Istiana ◽  
Lisda Hayatie
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Parasitic Worms

Abstract: Worm infection is an infectious disease caused by one or more intestinal parasitic worms from the class of intestinal nematodes. Worm infection can disruption of nutrients such as deficiency calories, protein, and blood loss. The aim of research is to know the effect of worm infection on nutritional status in SDN 2 Barabai Darat's children South Kalimantan 2015. This research is an observational analytic with cross sectional approach. The total samples is 85 children from class 3 and 4, obtained by purposive sampling fit the inclusion criteria. Data collected by stool examination and measurement of nutritional status, the data were analyzed by Fischer's Exact test. The results showed were 5,9% children with worm infections. Statistical analysis showed that there was not any effect of worm infection  on nutritional status based on BB/U (p = 1,000), based TB/U (p = 0,154), and based on BMI/U (p = 1,000). Conclusion from this research is not any effect of worm infection on nutritional status in children at SDN 2 Barabai Darat (p> 0,05). Keywords: worm infection, nutritional status, SDN 2 Barabai Darat Abstrak: Infeksi kecacingan adalah suatu penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh satu atau lebih cacing parasit usus dari golongan nematoda usus. Infeksi kecacingan dapat menimbulkan gangguan zat gizi berupa kekurangan kalori, protein, dan kehilangan darah. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh infeksi kecacingan terhadap status gizi pada anak di SDN 2 Barabai Darat Kalimantan Selatan tahun 2015. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 85 anak dari kelas 3 dan 4, didapat secara purposive sampling  sesuai kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan feses dan pengukuran status gizi, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Fischer's Exact. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5,9% anak yang positif terinfeksi cacing. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh infeksi kecacingan terhadap status gizi berdasarkan BB/U (p=1,000), berdasarkan TB/U (p=0,154), dan berdasarkan IMT/U (p=1,000). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat pengaruh infeksi kecacingan terhadap status gizi pada anak di SDN 2 Barabai Darat (p>0,05). Kata-kata kunci: kecacingan, status gizi, SDN 2 Barabai Darat

scholarly journals Analysis of Strength and Endurance Values in Schoolchildren Aged 7 to 10 Years in Tolú, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4433
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Agudelo Velásquez ◽  
María Luisa Zagalaz Sánchez ◽  
Félix Zurita Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The City

The objective of this study was to describe the state of strength and endurance in schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years old from the city of Santiago de Tolú, Colombia, and to relate such values to their weights, heights, and body mass index (BMI) values. This was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional research study, whose quantitative statistical analysis was compared with studies conducted in Colombia and other countries. Strength was measured by the summation of the segmental dynamometry of the upper and lower limbs, and endurance was measured with a 5 min continuous run test. This is the first investigation to characterize variables related to physical education and sport in schoolchildren from Tolú. The information collected on the evaluated population may aid in its sustainable human development, since significant differences in height, weight, BMI, strength, and endurance were identified with respect to other national and international populations.

scholarly journals Induction of Labour by Intravaginal Misoprostol In Intra Uterine Death of Fetus at Ssmc and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Mahenaz Afroz ◽  
Begum Rokeya Anwar ◽  
Afroza Khanom ◽  
Prodip Kumar Biswas ◽  
Sadia Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Intra uterine fetal death occur in 1% of pregnancy. The patient goes into labour in most of the cases, spontaneously. Retained dead fetus may cause disseminated intravascular coagulation sometimes resulting death of a mother. Objective: The aim was to find out the reults after using intravaginal Misoprostol in Intrauterine fetal death in last trimester of pregnancy. Study design: This was a cross sectional observational study prospective in nature on 160 cases of intra uterine fetal death patients in indoor of department of Gynae and Obstertrics of Sir Salimullah medical college Hospital, Dhaka from 02/01/13 to 01/07/13, for a period of 6 months. Result: 60% of the patients were primi gravida. Mean age of the patients was 22.12±4.3 years 44% were in 33 to 36 weeks of pregnancy when induction was done. 41 (82%) patients having Bishops score d” 6 reqired 21±8.25 hours where as 09 (18%) patients having Bishops score e” 6 needed 10±1,1 hours to complete the delivery. There were no reports of maternal mortality. All the patients delivered per vaginally except one (2%) who needed ceasearean section due to development of chorioamnionitis. Conclusion: Intravaginal misoprostol can aid in vaginal delivery safely. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 90-93

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