A contribution to the taxonomy of the Carex macloviana aggregate (Cyperaceae) in western Canada and Alaska

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1592-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Whitkus ◽  
John G. Packer
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Numerical Analyses ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Extreme Form ◽  
Ecological Preferences ◽  
Phenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Differences

The Carex macloviana aggregate consists of several phenetically similar taxa in western Canada and Alaska. Small morphological differences among the taxa have led to treatments recognizing either one more inclusive or six less inclusive species. A detailed morphotaxonomic investigation was initiated to delimit species and describe phenetic relationships among them. Results from study of herbarium specimens from the entire geographic range of each taxon and various numerical analyses of Canadian and Alaskan material indicate the taxa C. microptera Mack., C. festivella Mack., and C. limnophila Hermann comprise one species; C. haydeniana Olney is another species, phenetically similar to the first, and C. macloviana D'Urv. and C. pachystachya Cham. ex Steud. are two similar but distinct species. The species were also determined to have different chromosome numbers, geographic distributions, and ecological preferences. A previously unrecognized group of specimens, designated "stubby," was recognized and included in all the analyses to determine its phenetic position within the aggregate. It is concluded that "stubby" represents an extreme form of the variable C. pachystachya.

Dupontia (Poaceae) in North America

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Brysting ◽  
S G Aiken ◽  
L P Lefkovitch ◽  
R L Boles
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Random Variability ◽  
Conditional Clustering

Challenged by work on the Panarctic Flora project and apparent discrepancies in recent taxonomic treatments, the genus Dupontia was studied from herbarium specimens, including types and chromosome vouchers, and by numerical taxonomy, mapping the distribution of morphological characteristics, consideration of chromosome numbers, and field work in the Canadian Arctic. Our results using these techniques show random variability in many characters and differences in plant size that appear to be partly habitat related. The treatment of the genus has varied from the recognition of one variable species to three or more distinct species. Morphological characters, used in the literature to divide the genus Dupontia into more than one taxon, cannot be reliably applied to distinguish most North American plants. Continuous morphological variation in combination with high and variable ploidy levels, effective vegetative growth, and rare sexual reproduction suggests the use of a broad species concept. Until further evidence is available, our results support treating the genus as monotypic.Key words: Poaceae, Dupontia, morphology, chromosome numbers, conditional clustering, contingency tables.

A scanning electron microscopic study of the eggs of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 884-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Nunamaker ◽  
C. E. Nunamaker ◽  
B. C. Wick
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Culicoides Variipennis ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Scanning Electron

Culicoides variipennis (Coquillett) is probably the most economically important species of biting midge in the U.S. due to its involvement in the transmission of bluetongue (BT) disease of sheep, cattle and ruminant wildlife, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) of deer. Proposals have been made to recognize the eastern and western populations of this insect vector as distinct species. Others recommend use of the term “variipennis complex” until such time that the necessary biosystematic studies have been made to determine the genetic nature and/or minute morphological differences within the population structure over the entire geographic range of the species. Increasingly, students of ootaxonomy are relying on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess chorionic features. This study was undertaken to provide comparative chorionic data for the C. variipennis complex.Culicoides variipennis eggs were collected from a laboratory colony maintained in Laramie, Wyoming.

scholarly journals The Serological Cross-Detection of Bat-Borne Hantaviruses: A Valid Strategy or Taking Chances?

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Renata Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Jorlan Fernandes ◽  
Elba Regina de Sampaio Lemos ◽  
Fernando de Paiva Conte ◽  
Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Ab Initio Methods ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
B Cell Epitopes ◽  
Crystallographic Structures ◽  
A Minor

Bats are hosts of a range of viruses, and their great diversity and unique characteristics that distinguish them from all other mammals have been related to the maintenance, evolution, and dissemination of these pathogens. Recently, very divergent hantaviruses have been discovered in distinct species of bats worldwide, but their association with human disease remains unclear. Considering the low success rates of detecting hantavirus RNA in bat tissues and that to date no hantaviruses have been isolated from bat samples, immunodiagnostic tools could be very helpful to understand pathogenesis, epidemiology, and geographic range of bat-borne hantaviruses. In this sense, we aimed to identify in silico immunogenic B-cell epitopes present on bat-borne hantaviruses nucleoprotein (NP) and verify if they are conserved among them and other selected members of Mammantavirinae, using a combination of (the three most used) different prediction algorithms, ELLIPRO, Discotope 2.0, and PEPITO server. To support our data, we in silico modeled 3D structures of NPs from representative members of bat-borne hantaviruses, using comparative and ab initio methods due to the absence of crystallographic structures of studied proteins or similar models in the Protein Data Bank. Our analysis demonstrated the antigenic complexity of the bat-borne hantaviruses group, showing a low sequence conservation of epitopes among members of its own group and a minor conservation degree in comparison to Orthohantavirus, with a recognized importance to public health. Our data suggest that the use of recombinant rodent-borne hantavirus NPs to cross-detect antibodies against bat- or shrew-borne viruses could underestimate the real impact of this virus in nature.

A reassessment of Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae) leads to the description of Dioon salas-moralesae, a new cycad species from Southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 528 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
JOSÉ SAID GUTIÉRREZ-ORTEGA ◽  
MIGUEL ANGEL PÉREZ-FARRERA ◽  
JEFFREY CHEMNICK ◽  
TIMOTHY J. GREGORY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Recent Evaluation

The cycad genus Dioon comprises 17 species from Mexico and Honduras, all of them delimited based on their morphological variation and geographic distribution. A recent evaluation of the biological variation among Dioon populations from Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico, demonstrated that the concept of the species Dioon merolae actually consists of three lineages that should be recognized as different taxa. One lineage was already described as Dioon oaxacensis, leaving the concept of Dioon merolae comprising two lineages distributed on both sides of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. However, there are conspicuous morphological differences between these two lineages. Here, we tested whether such a differentiation within the concept of Dioon merolae merits the differentiation of two different taxa. We evaluated the qualitative and morphometric variation among populations belonging to the Dioon merolae lineages, and compared it with the closely related species Dioon oaxacensis. Morphological observations and statistical tests demonstrated that the populations of southeastern Oaxaca, traditionally considered as part of Dioon merolae, represent a distinct species that we described as Dioon salas-moralesae. Identifying the diagnostic characters of this new species helps enable an understanding of the criteria that should be considered to delineate the boundaries between other cycad species.

scholarly journals Numerical analyses of wild Jurinea spp. (Asteraceae) in Turkey

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekir Dogan ◽  
Ahmet Duran ◽  
Erdogan Hakki
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Numerical Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Phenetic Relationships ◽  
Geographic Distribution Pattern

Eighteen taxa of the genus Jurinea Cass. growing naturally in Turkey were classified by numerical taxonomic analysis. Morphological and palynological characters of each individual were measured and quantified on the basis of 51 traits. Ten plants were chosen randomly for the measurements of metric characters related to the external morphology of the taxa and the average values used for statistical analysis via NTSYS-pc package. Standardized data were used to generate the dendrogram that revealed the phenetic relationships of the taxa. Geographic distribution pattern of the Jurinea species appear to be closely related to the Anatolian Diagonal. Key words: Numerical analyses; Jurinea; Asteraceae; Turkey DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5118 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 47-53, 2009 (June)

Goodyera malipoensis (Cranichideae, Orchidaceae), a new species from China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Xiang Chen ◽  
Gui-Zhen Chen ◽  
Ming-He Li ◽  
Shi-Pin Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species

In this study, we describe a new orchid species, Goodyera malipoensis, from Yunnan, China. We have performed morphological and molecular analyses on this new species. A detailed comparison between the newly discovered orchid and other members of Goodyera was conducted. The new plant is characterized by having a dense brownish green pubescence on the peduncle. Its ovate-lanceolate petal is unique in Goodyera genus. The hypochile is deeply concave-saccate, and inside there are two papillose rows on each side. These features distinguish the new orchid from all other known species of Goodyera. The molecular study based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequence data and morphological differences support G. malipoensis as a distinct species.

Morphological and molecular characterization of two species of Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from Mexico: G. nayaritense sp. nov. and the new record of G. sanyaense

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 527 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
NATALY QUIROZ-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
MA. EDITH PONCE-MÁRQUEZ ◽  
NORMA LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ ◽  
DENÍ RODRÍGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
First Time

Gelidium pusillum is a species reported from the northern Gulf of California to the tropical region of the Mexican Pacific, but there is wide morphological variation among populations. The objective of this research was to evaluate of the Mexican species using morphological and molecular approaches, with the markers rbcL and COI-5P. This study examined 12 samples from four sites in the Mexican tropical Pacific. Phylogenetic analyses resolved these specimens within two clades separated from the topotype material of G. pusillum. The main morphological differences with other Mexican and phylogenetic closely related species were size, branching pattern, branching order, distribution of internal rhizoidal filaments, and shape of the tetrasporangial sori. The sequence divergences between these clades and the morphological differences support their representing distinct species so that Gelidium nayaritense sp. nov. is proposed for tropical specimens of the Mexican Pacific, whose diagnostic characteristics are the little or absent branching, its small size, as well as the presence of internal rhizoidal filaments concentrated in the subcortex, further G. sanyaense is register for first time from Mexico and Eastern Pacific.

The genus Waltheria in southern Africa

Bothalia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 275-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Verdoorn
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South West ◽  
The World ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
South West Africa ◽  
The Tropics

Waltheria indica L., the only species of Waltheria represented in southern Africa, is revised. This species, which occurs throughout the tropics and substropics of the world, is found abundantly in the northern Cape, Swaziland, northern Natal, Transvaal and northwards through South West Africa/Namibia and Botswana. Thoughout its wide distribution the species is uniform. A scrutiny o f herbarium specimens revealed that what appeared as a distinct species or subspecies was without doubt an abnormality, probably caused by insect injury.

Laevistrombus Abbott 1960 (Gastropoda: Strombidae): Indian and southwest Pacific species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4555 (4) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
STEPHEN J. MAXWELL ◽  
AART M. DEKKERS ◽  
TASMIN L. RYMER ◽  
BRADLEY C. CONGDON
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Marine Gastropod ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
Significant Variability ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Pacific Species

Here we evaluate the taxonomy of the marine gastropod genus Laevistrombus Abbott, 1960 and determine that there are five extant species within this genus, three of which occur in the southwest Pacific. Comparative analyses of this complex have been problematic due to the lack of designated type material. Therefore, we present the type material for L. canarium Linnaeus, 1758; L. taeniatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834; and L. vanikorensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1834. Current taxonomy has L. vanikorensis absorbed within the L. canarium complex. L. taeniatus is generally held to be a synonym of L. turturella Röding, 1789. We demonstrate that both L. taeniatus and L. vanikorensis are distinct species and reinstate both to species level. Our revision also notes the significant variability in early teleoconch structure within the geographic range of L. vanikorensis, and highlights the need for a greater revision of Laevistrombus, given the diversity in early teleoconch morphology present in southwest Pacific species. 

Genetic variation in Trithuria inconspicua and T. filamentosa (Hydatellaceae): a new subspecies and a hypothesis of apomixis arising within a predominantly selfing lineage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob D. Smissen ◽  
Kerry A. Ford ◽  
Paul D. Champion ◽  
Peter B. Heenan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Minimum Evolution ◽  
The North ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
High Level

While examining herbarium specimens of Trithuria inconspicua Cheeseman, we observed differences in the stigmatic hairs among plants from New Zealand’s North and South Islands. This motivated us to assess genetic and morphological variation within this species and its sister T. filamentosa Rodway from Tasmania. Samples were collected from lakes in the three disjunct geographic areas where the two species occur. Genetic variation in both species was assessed with simple sequence-repeat (SSR, microsatellite) markers and analyses of genetic distances. We also compared the morphology of northern and southern New Zealand T. inconspicua using fresh material. Samples of each species clustered together in a minimum evolution tree built from genetic distances. Trithuria filamentosa had more genetic diversity than did T. inconspicua. Within T. inconspicua, plants from lakes in the North Island and the South Island formed discrete genetic groups diagnosable by subtle morphological differences. Low levels of heterozygosity in both species are consistent with a high level of selfing, as suggested for other co-sexual Trithuria species, but unusual for a putative apomict. On the basis of genetic and morphological variation, we propose recognition of the northern New Zealand and southern New Zealand lineages of T. inconspicua at subspecies rank.

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