Cell wall-associated inorganic substances from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Eagon
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
High Concentrations

Cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were digested by a wet-ashing technique and analyzed for 12 different cations. The results indicated that these cell wall-associated inorganic substances can be classed broadly into major, minor, and trace elements. Phosphorus, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ were considered major elements since they are present in relatively high concentrations; Na+ and Fe3+ were considered minor elements; and, Zn2+, Pb2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, and Sr2+ were considered trace elements.

scholarly journals MINERALOGI INTI SEDIMEN PERMUKAAN DASAR LAUT GRT-05-03 DARI CEKUNGAN TOMINI - SULAWESI TENGAH

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dida Kusnida ◽  
Nur Adi Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Surficial Sediments ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Anoxic Environment ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Sedimentation Processes

Makalah ini merupakan hasil dari kegiatan penelitian geologi laut dalam yang dilaksanakan oleh Puslitbang Geologi Kelautan di Cekungan Tomini, Sulawesi Tengah. Mineralogi sedimen permukaan dasar laut secara umum dari contoh penginti tunggal GRT-05-03 setebal 145 cm terdiri atas unsur utama (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2 and LiO), unsur logam (Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe and Co) dan unsur tanah jarang (Th, Zr, Ba, Nb, Ce and Sr). Hasil analisis mineral dari contoh penginti tunggal GRT-05-03 menunjukkan bahwa mineral logam didominasi oleh konsentrasi mangan (2865-3211 ppm), sedangkan unsur tanah jarang didominasi oleh Barium (245-289 ppm). Tingginya konsentrasi secara vertikal dari kedua unsur tersebut di atas, menunjukkan bahwa proses sedimentasi di Teluk Tomini berada pada lingkungan reduksi. Kata kunci : penginti tunggal, mineral, elemen major, minor dan unsur tanah jarang; Cekungan Tomini This paper is a result of deep sea geological study conducted by Marine Geological Institute in Tomini Basin, Central Sulawesi. General mineralogy of surficial sediments of single core GRT-05-03 with the thickness of 145 cm consist of major elements (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2 and LiO), minor elements (Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe and Co), and trace elements (Th, Zr, Ba, Nb, Ce and Sr). Results of mineral analysis indicate that a major element is dominated by Manganese (2865-3211 ppm), while a rare trace element is dominated by Barium (245-289 ppm). The vertically high concentrations of these two elements indicate that sedimentation processes in Tomini Basin is in the anoxic environment. Key words: single core; minerals; major; minor and trace elements; Tomini Basin.

scholarly journals The extraction of cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aqueous phenol. The insoluble residue and material from the aqueous layers

1967 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Clarke ◽  
G. W. Gray ◽  
D. A. Reaveley
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Muramic Acid ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Residue Fraction

1. The insoluble residue and material present in the aqueous layers resulting from treatment of cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aqueous phenol were examined. 2. The products (fractions AqI and AqII) isolated from the aqueous layers from the first and second extractions respectively account for approx. 25% and 12% of the cell wall and consist of both lipopolysaccharide and muropeptide. 3. The lipid part of the lipopolysaccharide is qualitatively similar to the corresponding material (lipid A) from other Gram-negative organisms, as is the polysaccharide part. 4. The insoluble residue (fraction R) contains sacculi, which also occur in fraction AqII. On hydrolysis, the sacculi yield glucosamine, muramic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and 2,6-diaminopimelic acid, together with small amounts of lysine, and they are therefore similar to the murein sacculi of other Gram-negative organisms. Fraction R also contains substantial amounts of protein, which differs from that obtained from the phenol layer. 5. The possible association or aggregation of lipopolysaccharide, murein and murein sacculi is discussed.

Hydrochemistry and carbonate sediment characterisation of Bacalar Lagoon, Mexican Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia I. Tobón Velázquez ◽  
Mario Rebolledo Vieyra ◽  
Adina Paytan ◽  
Kyle H. Broach ◽  
Laura M. Hernández Terrones
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mexican Caribbean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Changes Over Time

The aim of the study is to determine the distribution of trace and major elements in the water and in the sediments of the south part of the Bacalar Lagoon and to identify the sources of the trace elements and their changes over time. The western part of the lagoon water column is characterised by high concentrations of Ca2+, HCO3– and Sr2+, derived from groundwater input. In contrast, the eastern part of the lagoon is characterised by high concentrations of Mg2+, Na+ and Cl–. The lagoon is not affected by present-day seawater intrusion. Water column and sediment geochemical analyses performed in Bacalar Lagoon show clear spatial distribution of different parameters. The saturation index of the water column indicates three main groups: (1) a zone oversaturated with regard to aragonite, calcite and dolomite; (2) an undersaturated area where all three minerals are dissolving; and (3) an area with calcite equilibrium and undersaturation with regard to the other minerals. Herein we present the first measurements of trace element (Ba2+, Mn2+, K+, Ni2+, Zn2+) concentrations in carbonates obtained from sediments in Bacalar Lagoon. In order to evaluate whether the trace elements are derived from natural or anthropogenic sources, four pollution indices were calculated. The results confirmed that Bacalar Lagoon sediments are not contaminated with Ni2+, K+, Mn2+ and Ba2+, and that the Zn2+ seems to have a predominantly anthropogenic origin.

LYSOZYME SENSITIVITY OF THE CELL WALL OF PSEUDO-MONAS AERUGINOSA: FURTHER EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF THE NON-PEPTIDOGLYCAN COMPONENTS IN CELL WALL RIGIDITY

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jane Carson ◽  
R. G. Eagon
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Cell Wall Rigidity

Electron micrographs of thin sections of normal cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the cell walls to be convoluted and to be composed of two distinct layers. Electron micrographs of thin sections of lysozyme-treated cells of P. aeruginosa showed (a) that the cell walls lost much of their convoluted nature; (b) that the layers of the cell walls became diffuse and less distinct; and (c) that the cell walls became separated from the protoplasts over extensive cellular areas. These results suggest that the peptidoglycan component of the unaltered cell walls of P. aeruginosa is sensitive to lysozyme. Furthermore, it appears that the peptidoglycan component is not solely responsible for the rigidity of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria.

Characterization of a Lignite Ash from the METC Gasifier III. Correlations of Leaching Behavior and Mineralogy

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hassett ◽  
G. J. McCarthy ◽  
K. R. Henke ◽  
E. D. Korynta
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Technology Center ◽  
Synthetic Groundwater

AbstractLignite gasification ash from the Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) gasifier was subiected to two short-term leaching treatments. The cnncentrations of regulated elements in the EPA EP procedure leachate from the bulk METC ash did not exceed the “EP Trigger Limits.” A modification of this procedure that uses a basic synthetic groundwater instead of the acid EP extractant was also performed on the bulk ash and its eleven size fractions. Water equilibria modeling was used to explain the concentrations of major elements in solution. Corcentrations of minor and trace elements in solution after leaching with synthetic groundwater were also below “EP Trigger Limits.”

scholarly journals Valuable Secondary Habitats or Hazardous Ecological Traps? Environmental Risk Assessment of Minor and Trace Elements in Fly Ash Deposits across the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10385
Author(s):  
Eliška Chmelová ◽  
Vojtech Kolar ◽  
Jiří Jan ◽  
Bruno M. Carreira ◽  
Andrea Landeira-Dabarca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
High Concentrations

Deposits of coal combustion wastes, especially fly ash, are sources of environmental and health risks in industrial regions. Recently, fly ash deposits have been reported as habitat surrogates for some threatened arthropods in Central Europe. However, the potential environmental risks of fly ash have not yet been assessed in the region. We analysed concentrations of 19 minor and trace elements in 19 lignite combustion waste deposits in the Czech Republic. We assessed their environmental risks by comparison with the national and EU legislation limits, and with several commonly used indices. Over 50% of the samples exceeded the Czech national limits for As, Cu, V, or Zn, whilst only V exceeded the EU limits. For some studied elements, the high-risk indices were detected in several localities. Nevertheless, the measured water characteristics, the long-term presence of fly ash, previous leaching by acid rains, and the low amount of organic matter altogether can infer low biological availability of these elements. We presume the revealed high concentrations of some heavy metals at some studied sites can be harmful for some colonising species. Nevertheless, more ecotoxicological research on particular species is needed for final decision on their conservation potential for terrestrial and freshwater biota.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL STUDY OF THE PELLANA LIGNITE (PREFECTURE OF LAKONIA)

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Α. Χατζηαποστόλου ◽  
Σ. Καλαϊτζίδης ◽  
Σ. Παπαζησίμου ◽  
Κ. Χρηστάνης ◽  
Δ. Βάγιας
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Element Mobility ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
Type Factor

The aim of this study is to estimate the environmental impacts in case of exploitation the Pellanalignites for power generation. The object of the study is to predict the element mobility during lignite combustion using mineralogical and geochemical data from bulk-lignite samples and their ashes of two cores from this area. The mineralogical determinations on the ashes revealed that quartz, K-feldspars and illitemicas are the major mineral phases contained in the lignite. The identification of anhydrite in ashes implies the presence of gypsum, althought neoformation of anhydrite from organic associated with Ca+2 and SO42 can not be excluded. These minerals correspond to primary phases. Oxides and hydroxides occur subordinately and probably represent minerals that do not correspond to primary phases. The results of the elemental analysis show that the major elements (>1000 ppm) are AI, Fe, Ca, Mg and Κ in the bulk samples of both cores. Minor elements (100-1000 ppm) are Na, Mn and Ba, while the concentrations of Be, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cs, Cu, Eu, Ga, Hf, La, Li, Lu, Mo, Nb, Nd, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Te, Th, TI, U, Y, Yb and Zr do not exceed 100 ppm. The concentrations of many elements like As, Ba, Cr, Ni, V and Zn have a wide range among the bulk samples. In order to assess the geochemical affiliation of the studied elements, R-type factor analysis was applied on the element contents of bulk lignite and ash. The elements Ca, S, V, As, Μη, Mo, Na, Sb, Hf, Zr and U provide both organic and inorganic affiliations, while Se and Nb provide organic affiliations. To approach the mobility of each trace element, the relative enrichment factor (RE) was calculated. The most depleted trace elements according to RE mean (<0.5) are Hf and Sb, while the elements Se and Ba are moderately depleted (0.7>RE mean>0.5).

Application of Mineral Fertilizers to Flue-Cured Tobacco in the Iringa District of Tanzania

1966 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Akehurst ◽  
A. Sreedharan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Leaf Characteristics ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Close Relationship

SummaryForty-one factorial experiments on rates and forms of the three major elements and rates of some minor and trace elements were carried out over the period 1954–1962 in Iringa, as part of a project to introduce Virginian-type tobacco varieties into the area. There were major responses to nitrogen and phosphate, and a close relationship between their effects, but no responses to other elements. Nitrogen raised yield, particularly in wet seasons, but generally tended to reduce quality, severely above 44 lb N per acre and at lower levels in dry years. Phosphate raised yield and quality, and in some instances crop failures occurred in its absence. Data suggested the optimal N : P2O5 ratio in fertilizer mixtures to be 1 : 15. Despite lack of response to potassium a small amount was recommended, to cover requirements for leaf characteristics which were not measured. The programme amply succeeded in its aim of establishing ‘average’ fertilizer recommendations, which were fundamentally sound, for the whole of the Iringa tobacco growing area. These recommendations are summarized.

scholarly journals Coffee cell walls—composition, influence on cup quality and opportunities for coffee improvements

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zheng ◽  
Zhang Chuntang ◽  
Zhang Yuan ◽  
Zeng Wei ◽  
Cesarino Igor
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
By Products

Abstract The coffee beverage is the second most consumed drink worldwide after water. In coffee beans, cell wall storage polysaccharides (CWSPs) represent around 50 per cent of the seed dry mass, mainly consisting of galactomannans and arabinogalactans. These highly abundant structural components largely influence the organoleptic properties of the coffee beverage, mainly due to the complex changes they undergo during the roasting process. From a nutritional point of view, coffee CWSPs are soluble dietary fibers shown to provide numerous health benefits in reducing the risk of human diseases. Due to their influence on coffee quality and their health-promoting benefits, CWSPs have been attracting significant research attention. The importance of cell walls to the coffee industry is not restricted to beans used for beverage production, as several coffee by-products also present high concentrations of cell wall components. These by-products include cherry husks, cherry pulps, parchment skin, silver skin, and spent coffee grounds, which are currently used or have the potential to be utilized either as food ingredients or additives, or for the generation of downstream products such as enzymes, pharmaceuticals, and bioethanol. In addition to their functions during plant development, cell walls also play a role in the plant’s resistance to stresses. Here, we review several aspects of coffee cell walls, including chemical composition, biosynthesis, their function in coffee’s responses to stresses, and their influence on coffee quality. We also propose some potential cell wall–related biotechnological strategies envisaged for coffee improvements.

Bakterienwand und Tumorinduktion durch Agrobacterium tumefaciens / Bacterial Cell Wall and Tumor Induction by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Beiderbeck
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
High Concentrations

Bacterial cell walls are concerned with the tumor induction by Agrobacterium tumefaciens on leaves of Kalanchoe in two different ways: 1. If an inoculum of the virulent strain B6 of A. tumefaciens is mixed with cells of the avirulent strain IIBNV6 or with high concentrations of cell wall preparations from B6 itself tumor induction is inhibited. The same is true with cell wall preparations which were treated with ether or chloroform. In vitro growth of the bacteria is not influenced by cell wall preparations. 2. Penicillin inhibits tumor induction by inhibiting bacterial growth. Addition of penicillin as late as 8 hours after infection is still inhibiting tumor initiation. Growth of induced tumors is not inihited by penicillin. The meaning of the two cell wall related processes in tumor induction is discussed.

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