ULTRA-LOW-VOLTAGE GAIN-ENHANCED FOUR-PHASE CHARGE PUMP WITHOUT BODY EFFECT

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1450104 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHANGLONG LIN ◽  
XINZHUO SUN ◽  
SHILIANG MA ◽  
XIN LU ◽  
KE LIANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Charge Pump ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Body Effect ◽  
Charge Pumps ◽  
Standard Cmos Process

In this paper, an ultra-low-voltage gain-enhanced four-phase charge pump is proposed. The proposed charge pump is designed in 0.18 μm 1.8 V standard CMOS process with high voltage boosting efficiency when the supply voltage is between 0.5 V and 1.8 V. Moreover, it eliminates the body effect by means of adding two auxiliary substrate switching PMOS transistor. The simulation results show that the proposed charge pump has higher efficiency than the other two low voltage charge pumps when the resistive load is 100 M ohm and the supply voltage is between 0.5 and 1.8 V. A test chip has been realized in a 0.18 μm 1.8 V standard CMOS process. The test results show perfect performance when the supply voltage is between 0.7 and 1.8 V. The proposed charge pump is quite suitable for low power applications.

scholarly journals A HIGH EFFICIENCY CHARGE PUMP FOR LOW VOLTAGE DEVICES

2014 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
AAMNA ANIL ◽  
RAVI KUMAR SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Charge Pump ◽  
Charge Pumps ◽  
Nonvolatile Memories ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Low Supply Voltage ◽  
Capacitor Charge ◽  
Lower Voltage

A charge pump is a kind of DC to DC converter that uses capacitors as energy storage elements to create a higher or lower voltage power source. Charge pumps make use of switching devices for controlling the connection of voltage to the capacitor. Charge pumps have been used in the nonvolatile memories, such as EEPROM and Flash memories, for the programming of the floating-gate devices. They can also be used in the low-supply-voltage switched-capacitor systems that require high voltage to drive the analog switched. This paper includes voltage analysis of different charge pumps. On the basis of voltage analysis a new charge pump is proposed.

scholarly journals Design Strategies and Architectures for Ultra-Low-Voltage Delta-Sigma ADCs

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Benvenuti ◽  
Alessandro Catania ◽  
Giuseppe Manfredini ◽  
Andrea Ria ◽  
Massimo Piotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Flicker Noise ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Analog Cmos ◽  
Gain Error ◽  
Dc Gain

The design of ultra-low voltage analog CMOS integrated circuits requires ad hoc solutions to counteract the severe limitations introduced by the reduced voltage headroom. A popular approach is represented by inverter-based topologies, which however may suffer from reduced finite DC gain, thus limiting the accuracy and the resolutions of pivotal circuits like analog-to-digital converters. In this work, we discuss the effects of finite DC gain on ultra-low voltage ΔΣ modulators, focusing on the converter gain error. We propose an ultra-low voltage, ultra-low power, inverter-based ΔΣ modulator with reduced finite-DC-gain sensitivity. The modulator employs a two-stage, high DC-gain, switched-capacitor integrator that applies a correlated double sampling technique for offset cancellation and flicker noise reduction; it also makes use of an amplifier that implements a novel common-mode stabilization loop. The modulator was designed with the UMC 0.18 μm CMOS process to operate with a supply voltage of 0.3 V. It was validated by means of electrical simulations using the CadenceTM design environment. The achieved SNDR was 73 dB, with a bandwidth of 640 Hz, and a clock frequency of 164 kHz, consuming only 200.5 nW. It achieves a Schreier Figure of Merit of 168.1 dB. The proposed modulator is also able to work with lower supply voltages down to 0.15 V with the same resolution and a lower power consumption despite of a lower bandwidth. These characteristics make this design very appealing in sensor interfaces powered by energy harvesting sources.

scholarly journals A 0.3 V Rail-to-Rail Ultra-Low-Power OTA with Improved Bandwidth and Slew Rate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Francesco Centurelli ◽  
Riccardo Della Sala ◽  
Pietro Monsurrò ◽  
Giuseppe Scotti ◽  
Alessandro Trifiletti
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Slew Rate ◽  
Large Signal ◽  
Output Stage ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Input Stage ◽  
Rail To Rail

In this paper, we present a novel operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) topology based on a dual-path body-driven input stage that exploits a body-driven current mirror-active load and targets ultra-low-power (ULP) and ultra-low-voltage (ULV) applications, such as IoT or biomedical devices. The proposed OTA exhibits only one high-impedance node, and can therefore be compensated at the output stage, thus not requiring Miller compensation. The input stage ensures rail-to-rail input common-mode range, whereas the gate-driven output stage ensures both a high open-loop gain and an enhanced slew rate. The proposed amplifier was designed in an STMicroelectronics 130 nm CMOS process with a nominal supply voltage of only 0.3 V, and it achieved very good values for both the small-signal and large-signal Figures of Merit. Extensive PVT (process, supply voltage, and temperature) and mismatch simulations are reported to prove the robustness of the proposed amplifier.

Design and analysis of a low noise CMOS charge pump phase locked loop circuit

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140002
Author(s):  
Yanbo Chen ◽  
Shubin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Noise ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Charge Pump ◽  
Phase Locked Loop ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Output Frequency ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Supply Noise

Phase Locked Loop (PLL) circuit plays an important part in electronic communication system in providing high-frequency clock, recovering the clock from data signal and so on. The performance of PLL affects the whole system. As the frequency of PLL increases, designing a PLL circuit with lower jitter and phase noise becomes a big challenge. To suppress the phase noise, the optimization of Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) is very important. As the power supply voltage degrades, the VCO becomes more sensitive to supply noise. In this work, a three-stage feedforward ring VCO (FRVCO) is designed and analyzed to increase the output frequency. A novel supply-noise sensing (SNS) circuit is proposed to suppress the supply noise’s influence on output frequency. Based on these, a 1.2 V 2 GHz PLL circuit is implemented in 110 nm CMOS process. The phase noise of this CMOS charge pump (CP) PLL is 117 dBc/Hz@1 MHz from test results which proves it works successfully in suppressing phase noise.

2.2–4.6-GHz Active Quasi-Circulator with > 24-dB Transmit–Receive Isolation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050077
Author(s):  
Najam Muhammad Amin ◽  
Lianfeng Shen ◽  
Danish Kaleem ◽  
Zhi-Gong Wang ◽  
Keping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Body Effect ◽  
Chip Area ◽  
Common Gate ◽  
Loading Effects ◽  
Better Than

An active quasi-circulator (AQC) integrated circuit is designed and fabricated in a 0.18-[Formula: see text]m CMOS process. The proposed design is based on a parallel combination of a common-source (CS) stage and a combined common-drain (CD) and common-gate (CG) topology. Scattering matrix of the core AQC circuit is derived considering MOSFET’s secondary effects, particularly the body effect as well as output loading effects. Measurements of the quasi-circulator reveal an insertion loss of [Formula: see text] dB between transmitter-to-antenna ports ([Formula: see text]) and of [Formula: see text] dB between antenna-to-receiver ports ([Formula: see text]), within a frequency band of 2.2–4.6 GHz. The isolation between the transmitter and the receiver ports ([Formula: see text]) is better than 24 dB with a maximum value of 29.5[Formula: see text]dB @ 3.6[Formula: see text]GHz. The power dissipation of the proposed AQC is 40[Formula: see text]mW and it covers an active chip area of 0.677[Formula: see text]mm2.

Low-Power and Reference-Less Data and Clock Recovery Circuit for Visible Light Receivers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Cheng Liu ◽  
Paul C.-P. Chao ◽  
Soh Sze Khiong
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Clock And Data Recovery ◽  
Optical Receiver ◽  
Clock Recovery ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Rf Receiver

In this paper a low power all-digital clock and data recovery (ADCDR) with 1Mhz frequency has been proposed. The proposed circuit is designed for optical receiver circuit on the battery-less photovoltaic IoT (Internet of Things) tags. The conventional RF receiver has been replaced by the visible light optical receiver for battery-less IoT tags. With this proposed ADCDR a low voltage, low power consumption & tiny IoT tags can be fabricated. The proposed circuit achieve the maximum bandwidth of 1MHz, which is compatible with the commercial available LED and light sensor. The proposed circuit has been fabricated in TSMC 0.18um 1P6M standard CMOS process. Experimental results show that the power consumption of the optical receiver is approximately 5.58uW with a supply voltage of 1V and the data rate achieves 1Mbit/s. The lock time of the ADCDR is 0.893ms with 3.31ns RMS jitter period.

Low Voltage FGMOS Four Quadrants Analog Multiplier

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Jesús de la Cruz-Alejo ◽  
L. Noe Oliva-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Floating Gate ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Analog Multiplier ◽  
Output Impedance ◽  
Cmos Transistors ◽  
Current Sensors

In this paper a low voltage FGMOS analog multiplier is proposed that uses a follower voltage flipped (FVF), which dominates its operation. In order to reduce the power supply of the multiplier, floating gate CMOS transistors (FGMOS) are used. Theoretical steps of the FVF design are presented together with its simulation. The output of the FVF is insensitive to the device parameters and is loaded with a resistive load. The multiplier design consists of two FVF cells, two current sensors FVF and one Gilbert cell multiplier. The results show that the proposed multiplied in a 0.13μm CMOS process exhibits significant benefits in terms of linearity, insensibility to device parameters, bandwidth and output impedance. The power supply is 0.8V and a power consumption of 181μW.

scholarly journals Ultra-Low-Voltage Inverter-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers with Voltage Gain Enhancement by Improved Composite Transistors

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1410
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique Rodovalho ◽  
Orazio Aiello ◽  
Cesar Ramos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Gain Enhancement ◽  
Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Forward Body Bias ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes topological enhancements to increase voltage gain of ultra-low-voltage (ULV) inverter-based OTAs. The two proposed improvements rely on adoption of composite transistors and forward-body-biasing. The impact of the proposed techniques on performance figures is demonstrated through simulations of two OTAs. The first OTA achieves a 39 dB voltage gain, with a power consumption of 600 pW and an active area of 447 μm2. The latter allies the forward-body-bias approach with the benefit of the independently biased composite transistors. By combining both solutions, voltage gain is raised to 51 dB, consuming less power (500 pW) at the cost of an increased area of 727 μm2. The validation has been performed through post-layout simulations with the Cadence Analog Design Environment and the TSMC 180 nm design kit, with the supply voltage ranging from 0.3 V to 0.6 V.

A 16.4 nW, Sub-1 V, Resistor-Less Voltage Reference with BJT Voltage Divider

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 1850206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshan Yang ◽  
Peiqing Han ◽  
Niansong Mei ◽  
Zhaofeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Voltage Divider ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Silicon Area ◽  
Total Power Consumption

A 16.4[Formula: see text]nW, sub-1[Formula: see text]V voltage reference for ultra-low power low voltage applications is proposed. This design reduces the operating voltage to 0.8[Formula: see text]V by a BJT voltage divider and decreases the silicon area considerably by eliminating resistors. The PTAT and CTAT are based on SCM structures and a scaled-down [Formula: see text], respectively, to improve the process insensitivity. This work is fabricated in 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS process with a total area of 0.0033[Formula: see text]mm2. Measured results show that it works properly for supply voltage from 0.8[Formula: see text]V to 2[Formula: see text]V. The reference voltage is 467.2[Formula: see text]mV with standard deviation ([Formula: see text]) being 12.2 mV and measured TC at best is 38.7[Formula: see text]ppm/[Formula: see text]C ranging from [Formula: see text]C to 60[Formula: see text]C. The total power consumption is 16.4[Formula: see text]nW under the minimum supply voltage at 27[Formula: see text]C.

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