Income Inequality in China's Economic and Technological Development Zones and High-Tech Industrial Development Zones, 1995–2002

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to strengthen and expand the technological transformation of the Russian economy, which should contribute to the growth of high-tech products production and increase the competitiveness of domestic manufacturers in the world market. The hypothesis of the study is that the component features of the intellectual capital of the industrial region determine the predisposition/absence of predisposition of its economy to make a transition to a new dominant technological structure. The purpose of the scientific research is to identify the types of intellectual capital and which of them form the predisposition of regions to the technological transformation of their economies. During the study, the following tasks were solved: structural elements of intellectual capital that affect the innovative and technological development of the region, namely: education, are justified; innovative competencies; innovative skills; altruism; cognitive and non-cognitive competencies; sensitivity to change and adaptation to technological changes. Extractive, mono-inclusive and multi-inclusive type of intellectual capital of industrial regions, corresponding to the fourth, fifth and sixth technological framework, respectively, is disclosed. A methodology for estimating intellectual capital, which determines the dominant technological structure of the economy of the industrial region, has been developed on the basis of the use of the matrix method and Frobenius norms, which make it possible to conduct research over a long-time interval taking into account the dynamic trends of the main capital elements. The testing of the author's methodology revealed that such territories as Kemerovo Region, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Perm Territory, Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Tatarstan, Sverdlovsk Region, Udmurt Republic, Chelyabinsk Region, Chuvash Republic and Yaroslavl Region have intellectual capital for further technological development of the region's economy. The novelty of the obtained results lies in the development of a typology of regions, which enables one to identify the territories most prone to further technological transformation of the economy in the context of types of intellectual capital. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use by authorities as a tool for developing a strategy for industrial development and structural adjustment of the economy of industrial regions.

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GEOLOGICAL INDUSTRIAL ASSESSMENT AND RANKING OF PROMISING OBJECTS OF THE DOMESTIC BASE OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Geology ◽

10.17721/1728-2713.93.04 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-40

Author(s):

V. Mykhailov ◽

M. Kurilo ◽

S. Kosharna

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Technological Development ◽

Energy Transition ◽

Green Energy ◽

High Tech ◽

Mining Operations ◽

Field Development

Changes in the priority areas of financing in the field of subsurface use and their widespread reorientation to the search for alternative sources of raw materials which could ensure the development of modern high-tech industries are the promising direction for the country's growth in sustainable development conditions and Green Energy Transition. And at the moment the only resource that can ensure safe progress in the future and plays an important role in today's technological development is rare earth elements (REE). Within the framework of this study information on the current state of awareness about the REE mining prospects in Ukraine was analyzed and generalized; the systematization and updating of available data on quantitative and qualitative REE ore occurrences and deposits characteristics and their geological and industrial parameters was done; the main obstacles / barriers to the active mining development on these objects of potential extraction were identified. The obtained ranking results of domestic deposits and REE manifestations prove the expediency of investing in geological exploration and mining operations conducted in certain areas, which are identified as the most attractive for further industrial development and generally emphasize the prospects of the studied area and justify the need in intensification of selected rare earth objects field development.

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PUBLIC FINANCIAL POLICY ON INDUSTRY SPHERE: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE

Economic Analysis ◽

10.35774/econa2019.01.055 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-62

Author(s):

Chubka Olha ◽

Lyvdar Marta ◽

Petro Viblyi

Keyword(s):

Industrial Development ◽

Technological Development ◽

The United States ◽

The State ◽

Financial Resources ◽

High Tech ◽

Financial Policy ◽

The Public ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

The Creation

Introduction. Industry serves as the basis for meeting the needs of the national market and building a powerful export potential of the country. The public financial policy should aim at creating favorable conditions for investing in industry, which determines the relevance of the research. Purpose. The objective of the paper is to carry out a comparative analysis of the main mechanisms of the public financial policy of the industrialized countries of the world, to identify the existing trends in the development of industry in Ukraine, and to make recommendations on borrowing of the global experience in Ukraine. Results. A comparison of the mechanisms of implementation of the public financial policy in the industry of the United States, China, Japan, Germany, the Great Britain, Italy, and France has been carried out. The trends of industrial development in Ukraine have been determined. The scientific novelty consists in the recommendations suggested by the authors for ensuring the effective development of the industry, namely: in the creation of the State Innovation Bank, which would undertake soft lending of innovative projects and in the exemption from taxation of d enterprises in the event of their merger with a loss-making enterprise. Thus, the state will promote the creation of conditions for the progressive technological development of industry, increase its innovation and investment attractiveness. Enterprises will receive additional or cheaper financial resources, which will be able to invest in modernization and upgrading of productions, primarily high-tech. In view of the effective intended use of resources released as a result of taxation, it is suggested to conclude a special agreement between the controlling body and the taxpayer, according to which the payer will assume the obligation to effectively dispose of the financial resources.

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENTERPRISES

Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin ◽

10.22314/2618-8287-2021-59-2-110-118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (143) ◽

Author(s):

Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽

◽

Yuriy V. Katayev ◽

Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽

Dar’ya V. Andreyeva

Keyword(s):

Industrial Development ◽

Technological Development ◽

The State ◽

Research Purpose ◽

High Tech ◽

Agricultural Machinery ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Industrial Enterprises ◽

Government Documents ◽

Competitive Products

The paper analyzes the factors that determine the vectors of increasing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises, including agricultural machinery. Based on this analysis, the article describes the stages and directions of entry of industrial enterprises into the field of competitiveness. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in identifying and analyzing opportunities to improve the competitiveness of industrial enterprises, including agricultural machinery. (Materials and methods) Used materials on the state of competitiveness of domestic agricultural machinery, reflected the main points related to the management of the competitiveness of enterprises in the industry. Authors analyzed government documents on this issue. The pace of industrial development in the leading countries and the pace of increasing market demands for product quality, has increased significantly in recent years and is becoming increasingly unattainable for Russian manufacturers, especially for agricultural machinery enterprises. (Results and discussion) The article points out that the State Program of the Russian Federation N2539-r of April 15, 2014 sets tasks to ensure the technological development of the domestic industry on the basis of the creation and implementation of breakthrough, resource-saving, environmentally friendly industrial technologies for the production of competitive high-tech products. In order to increase the competitiveness of the industry enterprises, it is necessary to provide conditions for the formation of their own industry for the production of competitive products with parameters exceeding the parameters of the competitor's products. (Conclusions) The article considers options and trends for improving the competitiveness of products that can be applied to all industries, including agricultural machinery. To achieve these goals, it will be necessary to review the country's development priorities, elaborate and refine the proposed strategy with the involvement of qualified specialists in the field of economics, engineering, and technology.

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World experience in using the program-targeted planning methods for high-tech industry development

Economic Analysis Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/ea.19.9.1723 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 1723-1735

Author(s):

A.Yu. Pronin

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Technological Development ◽

High Tech ◽

Economic Activities ◽

High Tech Industry ◽

Industry Development ◽

Foreign Countries ◽

Planning Methods ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Development Objectives

Subject. The article investigates the program-targeted planning methodology, which is implemented in the Russian Federation and leading foreign countries, for high-tech industry development. Objectives. The aim is to identify the specifics of program-targeted planning for the development of high-tech industries, to shape programs and plans for innovative development in the Russian Federation and leading foreign countries. Methods. The study employs general scientific methods of systems analysis, including the statistical and logical analysis. Results. I reviewed methods of program-targeted planning, implemented by the world’s leading countries (the Russian Federation, United States of America, France, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Japan, Canada), in the interests of the development of various high-tech sectors of the economy. The study established that the methodology of program-targeted management is an effective tool for resource allocation by various types of economic activities in accordance with national priorities. I developed proposals by priority areas for improving the methodology for program-targeted planning and management in the Russian Federation in modern economic conditions. Conclusions. The findings and presented proposals can be used to improve methods for program-targeted planning to develop high-tech sectors of the economy; to design various long-term programs and plans, reducing the risk of their implementation; to determine the ways and methods of sustainable socio-economic and innovative and technological development of the world's leading economies.

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Humanitarian and Technological Revolution: Experience and Challenges of Engineering Evolution

Economic Strategies ◽

10.33917/es-2.168.2020.54-63 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 54-63

Author(s):

Aleksandr I. Ageev ◽

◽

Alexander V. Putilov ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Power Plants ◽

Life Support ◽

Technological Development ◽

Industrial Society ◽

Human Potential ◽

Technological Revolution ◽

Post Industrial

Changing the priorities of economic development in transition to post-industrial society inevitably causes reviewing approaches to the role of innovation in modern economy. If in the era of industrial development of society innovations are considered mainly as a factor of technological development, in case of a post-industrial society innovations should be considered in a broader perspective. Innovative technologies in all their diversity are being introduced not only in the technological sphere, but also in education, in the service industry, housing and communal services, life support sphere, etc. The problem of shifting regions and separate territories to innovative development approaches is one of the key issues in forming an economy based on knowledge. “Nuclear” cities, where development of nuclear technologies is implemented both for defense and civilian purposes (nuclear power plants, nuclear fuel production, etc.), can be ideally used as territories of advanced social and economic development (TASED) primarily thanks to human potential of these cities. The article analyzes recent humanitarian and technological changes, called the “humanitarian technological revolution” (HTR), and their impact on the speed and effectiveness of innovative changes in this area.

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Current Trends in the International Economic Activity of Ukraine

Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Economic Sciences ◽

10.32515/2663-1636.2021.6(39).47-55 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 47-55

Author(s):

Ljudmila Romaniuk ◽

Keyword(s):

International Economic ◽

Economic Performance ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Public Diplomacy ◽

Technological Development ◽

Value Added ◽

Machine Building ◽

Raw Material ◽

High Tech ◽

Economic Relations

International economic activity occupies a special place in a complex system of the global economic relations. It reflects the mutual economic dependence of trade and economic activities of different countries of the world. The significance of the development of international economic performance of each country is growing. The purpose of the article is to determine the current state and trends of international economic performance of Ukraine, taking into account changes in the external environment. SWOT-analysis was introduced to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and ways to overcome weaknesses, solve problems in international economic activity, use strengths and opportunities. International economic activity is a powerful factor in the development of the country's economy and has a significant potential in regard of natural, economic and human resources, but the study has also revealed problems and negative trends. To identify trends in the effectiveness of the country's international economic activity, export-import performance indicators for 2019, 2020 and similar indicators for 2013 were analyzed. In 2020 a decline in exports in the machine-building industry is observed. Furthermore, the exports are dominated by the raw material component. The growth rate of exported goods refers to industries with a small share of value added. At the same time, imports are dominated by high-tech products, indicating a lack of strategy of technical and technological development, which leads to the deindustrialization of the country, which is a significant threat to the economy of Ukraine as a whole and its international economic activity. In the context of economic globalization, the importance of international economic relations is growing. To increase the efficiency of international economic performance it is crucial to address a number of domestic issues: stabilization of political situation, termination of military actions in the east of the country, overcoming corruption, ensuring technical and technological development, implementation of innovations at enterprises, development and implementation of multi-vector strategy, implementation of the strategy of public diplomacy in order to build a positive image of Ukraine. Further research will focus on assessing the effectiveness of international economic activity, identifying threats to national competitiveness and elaborating recommendations for overcoming them.

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BRICS Countries Possible Areas for Scientific Cooperation

World Economy and International Relations ◽

10.20542/0131-2227-2015-9-14-23 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 14-23

Author(s):

I. Dezhina

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

New Technologies ◽

Technological Development ◽

High Tech ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Scientific Cooperation ◽

Brics Countries ◽

The World ◽

A Share

The article evaluates science sectors and effectiveness of scientific research in the countries forming the BRICS group, as well as the current state of scientific and technological cooperation among the group members. The science sectors of the countries under consideration differ markedly, while facing similar problems relating to government regulations and external environments. The differences exist in total expenditures on research and development (as a share of GNP), in the scope of governmental funding (large in Russia and India, but small in China), and in the distribution of allocations among various areas and types of R&D activities. China appears to have the most well-adjusted science sector among the BRICS members. It includes not only strong universities but also high-tech companies that invest actively into research and development. The overall impact (inferred from citation indexes) of fundamental and exploratory research performed in BRICS countries remains low. BRICS's scientists prefer to collaborate with their colleagues from the world-leading countries rather than with their fellows from BRICS. Yet, in contrast to the world trend, in all BRICS countries, except Russia, a share of internationally co-authored publications is now decreasing. BRICS members have more similar interests and priorities in technological development, including infrastructural and large technological projects, than in science. Currently, bilateral cooperation in technology prevails, while the projects involving all members of the group still remain at the stage of preliminary evaluation and discussion. Russia cooperates most closely with China and India, including joint projects in such high-priority directions as new materials, photonics, biomedical, space and information technologies. For Russia, cooperation in technological development appears to be of most interest because it can lead not only to introduction of new technologies but also help to create large Russian innovative companies. Development of successful multilateral cooperation in science and technology among the BRICS members is the key for this group, originally formed for geopolitical reasons, to evolve into an effective economic union.

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The long-term development of Russian biotech sector

foresight ◽

10.1108/fs-06-2016-0024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 491-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Grebenyuk ◽

Nikolai Ravin

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Technological Development ◽

Science And Technology ◽

Plant Biotechnology ◽

High Tech ◽

Content Type ◽

Research Areas ◽

Research Activities ◽

The Usa

Purpose To define strategic directions for the Russia’s social, economic, scientific and technological development in 2011-2013, a large-scale foresight study including the deep analysis of prospects of biotechnology development there was undertaken (Russia 2030: Science and Technology Foresight). This paper aims to present results of this research. Design/methodology/approach The study was based on a combination of technology-push and market-pull approaches that aimed not only to identify most promising science and technology (S&T) areas but also to understand how they can be realized in practice. Representatives from federal authorities, science and business were involved in the project to create future visions of technological directions; analyze grand challenges, weak signals and wild cards; and set research and development (R&D) priorities. Findings According to results of the study, Russia has a potential for biotech sector development, although the level of R&D in the majority of areas is lagging behind that in the USA and leading EU countries. However, there are several advanced applied research areas where efforts can be focused. Among them are high-performance genomics and post-genomics research platforms, systems and structural biology, microbial metabolic engineering, plant biotechnology and microbial strains and consortia for development of symbiotic plant–microbial communities. Originality/value Concentration of available resources of government and business on biotechnological sector development can help to find answers for challenges that Russia faces today or will face tomorrow. It will help to pick up on the current level of research activities, improve the quality of personnel training, make this area the engine of the economy and carry out the so-called new industrialization of the country, building a new, high-tech device industry.

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On the hygienic scientific provision of the Water strategy of the Russian Federation

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-9-923-928 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (9) ◽

pp. 923-928

Author(s):

Oxsana O. Sinitsyna ◽

Victor V. Turbinsky

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Technological Development ◽

Water Protection ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Business Entities ◽

Water Strategy ◽

Oriented Approach

Increased competition between producers has now become one of the critical features of the country’s economy. Within the framework of the Water Strategy of the Russian Federation, technological issues play a significant role both in the protection of water resources and in compliance with the safety requirements and favourable quality of the water used. For more than 20 years worldwide, there has been a transition from a hazard-oriented to a risk-oriented approach in the organization of nature and water protection activities. The use of a risk-based approach determines the mandatory monitoring of all pollutants and calculation methods for assessing various types of toxicity of a substance, their hazardous concentrations based on knowledge of the structure and information about the hazard of substances from international databases and registers. Based on the analysis of the main provisions of the Water Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2020 in conjunction with the conditions of water use affecting the health of the population, the priority problems of technological development in the water protection sector and their medical and preventive support were identified. Measures have been outlined to ensure the compliance of the technology for the protection of water bodies, sources of household and drinking water supply to the population and industrial development for monitoring the effectiveness and efficiency of hygienic regulation, sanitary and epidemiological examination of project documentation and a risk-oriented approach to ensuring the activities of business entities on the territory of sanitary protection zones of drinking water sources: water supply, wastewater treatment from point and diffuse sources of pollution.

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