scholarly journals Leptospirosis in Coastal South India: A Facility Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Holla ◽  
Bhagwan Darshan ◽  
Latika Pandey ◽  
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽  
Nithin Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Study Setting

Background. Leptospirosis is a major neglected public health problem and is highly underreported in India. The spectrum of clinical features ranges from subclinical infection to multiorgan failure. The burden of leptospirosis is more in developing countries. Objective. The present study was designed to assess the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical feature, and outcome of leptospirosis patients. Methods. This record based retrospective study was conducted in hospitals affiliated to Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. The registries of the leptospirosis patients during the period of four years between January 2011 and December 2014 were reviewed and the information on demographic and clinical profile of the leptospirosis patients was recorded in the data capture sheet. The information obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 11.5. Results. The study included 202 leptospirosis victims. The mean age of the study population was 40.48 (±14.8) years. Majority of the patients presented with fever (92.1%) at the time of admission. Acute renal failure was found to be the most common complication (79.2%). Case fatality rate was found to be 3.5%. Conclusion. High proportion of cases indirectly reflects the endemic nature of the disease in the study setting. The clinical presentation of the leptospirosis is highly protean and may vary from a mild illness to life-threatening complications as evident from the current study.

scholarly journals Hematological changes in pregnancy induced hypertension in their third trimester at Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3497
Author(s):  
Neelam Jhajharia ◽  
Madhureema Verma
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Haematocrit Level ◽  
Haematological Parameter ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is one of the most common and potential life-threatening complications of pregnancy. This study is aimed to investigate and correlate the hemoglobin, haematocrit, white blood cell count, lymphocytes and platelets in PIH patients in their third trimester.Method: Total 126 subjects were studied out of them 63 patients (case) and 63 healthy pregnant women (control) visiting the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar were registered in the study and followed during their pregnancy. Two millilitre of blood sample was drawn aseptically using the 5ml syringe from the median ante cubital vein of all the cases and control participants into EDTA-anticoagulated tubes. Haematological parameter calculated by using Sysmex XN-9100™ Automated Haematology System.Results: The mean hemoglobin level of the case group (8.8206±2.53779) was significantly lower than that of the control group (9.7289±2.47033) (p<0.05). The mean platelet count of the case group (131.4937±62.05999) was significantly lower than that of the control group (324.9683±230.78764) (p<0.05). The mean lymphocytes level of case group (1.2510±0.56369) was significantly lower than that of the control group (1.9295±1.4150) (p<0.05). The mean WBC level of case group (36.3467±119.90635) was significantly high than control group (11.5260±4.83059) (p<0.05). The mean haematocrit level of case group (32.6851±7.29789) was significantly high than control group (30.0424±23.38116) (p<0.05).Conclusion: The mean hemoglobin, mean platelets and mean lymphocytes are lower in PIH patients. The mean WBC and haematocrit are higher in PIH patient. 

scholarly journals Association between Psoriasis and Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Sumit Pandey ◽  
Smita Jha ◽  
Shyam Kumar B.K ◽  
Shyam Kumar B.K. ◽  
Kumar Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
College Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pasi Score ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Chronic Skin Disease

Background: Psoriasis is primarily a chronic skin disease, the course being punctuated by remissions and relapses. Research has shown that hypertension, obesity, heart failure and diabetes are significantly more common in patients with psoriasis. Obesity is associated with severe psoriasis and is reported about twice as frequently among psoriasis patients as in the general population. In recent years many reports have demonstrated an association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of obesity in patients with psoriasis and compare it with that of non-psoriatic population. Material and Method: This study is a case control hospital based study conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Venereologyand Leprology of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur between May 2017 to October 2018.Total 56 cases of psoriasis and similar number of healthy age and sex matched controls were enrolled in the study after taking written consent. Detailed history and physical examination was performed with measurement of body mass index which was recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. Result: The results of the study which included 56 patients with psoriasis and 56 subjects without psoriasis. Among them 26 male and 30 female in study population and 25 male and 31 female in control group. The mean age was41.68±19.04 years in study population and 39.46 ±16.27 years in control group. Duration of disease ranged from 2 months to 360months and PASI score ranged from 4.4 to 28.2 with mean PASI score 11.02±5.4. BMI in cases ranged from 16.7 to 34.2 with mean24.3±4.3 and in controls it ranged from 15.5 to 29.1 with mean 21.9±3. Mean BMI was significantly higher in cases than controls. Conclusion: The result of this study supports the significantly higher prevalence of obesity in study population than control group.

scholarly journals Association of Hypertension and Smoking with Ischaemic Stroke

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
K Kirtania ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
A Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for ischemic stroke. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. There is a strong relationship between hypertension and cigarette smoking with ischaemic stroke. A case control study was undertaken to see the association of hypertension and cigarette smoking with ischaemic stroke. The study was done from January to December 2009 in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. A total of 60 subjects were selected as study population. Among them 30 were diagnosed case of ischaemic stroke and 30 were age-and sex-matched control subjects. It was found that 60% patients of case group and 20% respondents of control group were hypertensive and diffrence was significant. Study showed that 56.66% of cases and 53.33% of controls were smoker and the findings were insignificant. The mean duration of smoking was 27.41 ± 2.98 years in cases and 15.63 ± 2.85 years in controls which was significant. The study suggests that hypertension is significantly associated with ischaemic stroke and longer duration of smoking also associated with ischaemic stroke. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v3i1.13802 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2010; 3(1): 16-18

scholarly journals Hypertriglyceridemia: An indicator of poor prognosis in acute pancreatitis – A hospital based study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Mosin Mushtaq ◽  
Abid H Wani ◽  
Faud Sadiq ◽  
Mudasir Mushtaq ◽  
Sameena Tabassum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Time Of Admission

Background and study aims: Hypertriglyceridemia can be a primary cause for acute pancreatitis or secondary to other factors prior to the increase of lipid levels, or both. The aim of our study was to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis with elevation in serum triglyceride levels and report the outcomes of our series. Patients and methods: One hundred twenty?six patients of acute pancreatitis were admitted within 72 hours of onset of symptoms, out of whom 26 patients were excluded during the course of study due to preexisting comorbidities. 100 patients in the study population were divided into group A having serum triglyceride levels ≥500 mg/dl (n = 30) and group B having <500 mg/dl (n = 70) at the time of admission. Results: The mean age of group A was similar to group B (50.2 ± 17.1 vs 49.26 ± 17.2 years; p = 0.860). Most common etiological factor of acute pancreatitis was found to be gall stones (56%) in both groups. Ranson's score at admission in group A was 2.93 ± 0.22 and in group B it was 1.34 ± 0.99. Mortality below two weeks was noted in (12/30, 40%) of group A and (6/70, 8%) of group B patients, which was statistically significant, (p = 0.015). Conclusions: The final conclusion of this study was that patients of acute pancreatitis with elevated triglyceride levels form a morbid group and these should be monitored aggressively for the development of any complications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9971 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 21-24

scholarly journals Snakebite Outcome Study in Far west Provincial Hospital Of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sher Bahadur Kamar ◽  
Kapil Amgain ◽  
Laxman Bhusal ◽  
Kiran Kumar Khanal ◽  
Shureshraman Puri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Provincial Hospital ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
The Status ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: Snakebite is well known medical emergencies and cause of hospital admission with significant mortality in our country. Objective of this study is to find out the status and outcome of snake bites envenoming management. Methods: This is prospective observational study from 15th April 2018 to 14th April 2019.Data collected all snake bites presented this hospital and observed till discharged, death or referred. Case management was done as per the WHO guideline for the management of snake bite 2016. Permission for study was taken from Medical Superintendent of Seti provincial hospital and informed consent was taken. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel 2007 and analyzed using latest version of SPSS version and appropriate descriptive statistical tools. Results:  A total of 362 snakebites were landed in the emergency of this hospital during one year period among them 71% non-poisonous and 29% poisonous snake bites. There were 17 deaths (case fatality rate 12%). Among poisonous Krait 36 % were identified snakes and half could not. Major features of envenoming were ptosis,nausea,vomiting and pain abdomen, parotid tenderness, numbness and blister and bleeding in bitten parts. Almost all 86% poisonous bites got 100ml snake venom antiserum. Few cases required additional 10 vials (100ml) and 13.5% required ventilation for respiratory paralysis.  There was no mortality in Intensive Care Unit and ward. Conclusions: Snake bite is the seasonal life-threatening emergency public health problem; significant numbers of snakebite and mortality but timely intervention has excellent outcome. Community awareness and strengthening health systems are major activities to be done.

scholarly journals Factors determining the knowledge related to tuberculosis in a rural community, a community based cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
C. Rajan Rushender ◽  
G. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
M. Logaraj
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is reported that, globally, about 9 million people developed tuberculosis and about 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis across the globe in 2013.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Center, SRM Medical College to assess knowledge and practice regarding tuberculosis using a pretested Interview schedule. Adult population, who are residing in the field practice area were considered as study population. The study period was between August 2013 to February 2014.Results: A total of 246 study subjects were included in the final analysis with the majority of the participants to be between 21 to 40 years (39.40%). Cough and expectoration as symptom of TB was known to 82.5% of study subjects. Only 22.8% of the study subjects are aware of at least one extra pulmonary for of tuberculosis. The proportion of subjects with good overall knowledge about TB was highest in subjects aged 61 and above, lowest in 41 to 60-year age group. The proportion of subjects with good knowledge had gradually increased with increasing socio economic status.Conclusions: Culture specific IEC interventions and their delivery mechanisms need to be designed, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of population in India. 

scholarly journals The QT dispersion and QTc dispersion in patients presenting with acute neurological events and its impact on early prognosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailash Kumar Rahar ◽  
Hans Raj Pahadiya ◽  
Kishan Gopal Barupal ◽  
C. P. Mathur ◽  
Manoj Lakhotia
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Qtc Dispersion ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
Time Of Admission

ABSTRACT Aims: To find out and investigate whether the QT dispersion and QTc dispersion is related to type and prognosis of the acute stroke in patients presenting within 24 h of the onset of stroke. Settings and Design: This was a observational study conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Dr. SN. Medical College, Jodhpur, during January 2014 to January 2015. Subjects and Methods: The patients presented within 24 h of onset of acute stroke (hemorrhagic, infarction, or transient ischemic event) were included in the study. The stroke was confirmed by computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with (i) altered sensorium because of metabolic, infective, seizures, trauma, or tumor; (ii) prior history of cardiovascular disease, electrocardiographic abnormalities’ because of dyselectrolytemia; and (iii) and patients who were on drugs (antiarrhythmic drugs, antipsychotic drugs, erythromycin, theophylline, etc.,) which known to cause electrocardiogram changes, were excluded from the study. National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) was calculated at the time of admission and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) at the time of discharge. Fifty age- and sex-matched healthy controls included. Statistical Analysis Used: Student’s t-test, ANOVA, and area under curve for sensitivity and specificity for the test. Results: We included 52 patients (male/female: 27/25) and 50 controls (26/24). The mean age of patients was 63.17 ± 08.90 years. Of total patients, infarct was found in 32 (61.53%), hemorrhage in 18 (34.61%), transient ischemic attack (TIA) in 1 (1.9%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 1 (1.9%) patient. The QT dispersion and QTc dispersion were significantly higher in cases as compare to controls. (87.30 ± 24.42 vs. 49.60 ± 08.79 ms; P < 0.001) and (97.53 ± 27.36 vs. 56.28 ± 09.86 ms; P < 0.001). Among various types of stroke, the mean QT dispersion and QTc dispersion were maximum and significantly higher in hemorrhagic stroke as compared to infarct and TIA (P < 0.001). The mean QT dispersion and QTc dispersion was found significantly high in nonsurvivors (n = 16) as compared to survivors group (n = 36) (P < 0.05). The mean QT dispersion was directly correlated with the NIHSS and functional outcome score MRS. Patients with greater QT and QTc dispersion having high NIHSS had poor prognosis. Conclusion: We concluded that patients presenting with acute neurological events having increased QT dispersion and QTc dispersion is related to high mortality and poor functional outcomes on hospital discharge and if the values of dispersion score are very high we can predict for hemorrhagic stroke.

scholarly journals Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Eclampsia: A Study From Tertiary Care Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Husneyara Haque ◽  
Kalpana Kumari Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Study Population

Introduction: Eclampsia is an acute and life-threatening complication of pregnancy associated with elevated maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study was done with the aim to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in eclampsia patients and to observe various factors affecting its occurrence and outcome. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional hospital based study carried out in Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj from January 2015 to December 2016. Details and data obtained from maternity register were analysed. All patients with eclampsia were included and fetomaternal outcomes measured in terms of complications. Simple descriptive statistical method was applied for analysis. Result: Out of 6056 pregnant women, 46 had eclampsia with the incidence of 7.59 per 1000 deliveries. 58.7% of study population belonged to age group of 21-30 years followed by 36.96% from age less than 20 years. 78.26% cases were unbooked. 73.91% eclamptic patients were primi gravida and 60.87% had gestational age less than 37 weeks. Half of pregnancies with eclampsia underwent ceasarian for delivery and 30.44% required ICU care. One third women developed eclampsia related complications and 2(4.35%) died. Common complications were atonic postpartum heamorrhage (15.21%), psychosis (8.71%) acute renal failure (4.35%). 60.86% newborn were preterm and 56.52% were low birth weight. In 50% newborn, Apgar score at 5 minutes was less than 7. Fetal death was 10.85%. Conclusion: Eclampsia continues to be one of the prime etiological factors for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Therefore early recognition and proper management are vital to tackle this challenge.

scholarly journals Low dietary calcium in European postmenopausal osteoporotic women

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Bruyere ◽  
Caroline De Cock ◽  
Catherine Mottet ◽  
Audrey Neuprez ◽  
Olivier Malaise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveThe WHO recommends a daily Ca intake for postmenopausal women of 1300 mg. The objective of the present study was to assess the dietary Ca intake in European postmenopausal osteoporotic women.Design, setting and subjectsAssessment of dietary Ca intake (food and supplements) was performed with a validated self-questionnaire in 8524 osteoporotic women from nine European countries (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK).ResultsMean age of the patients was 74·2 (sd 7·1) years, mean BMI was 25·7 (sd 4·2) kg/m2. Of the study population, 37·2 % of the women took Ca supplements. The mean dietary intake of Ca was 930·7 (sd 422·9) mg/d. The lowest Ca intake was found in Hungary (586·7 (sd 319·1) mg/d) and the highest in Denmark (1145·6 (sd 463·0) mg/d). In the whole study population, only 19·1 % of the women had a dietary Ca intake >1300 mg/d. Only 17·1 % of women aged over 75 years achieved 1300 mg/d compared with 20·5 % of women aged less than 75 years (P = 0·0001 for the difference between the two groups).ConclusionDietary intake of Ca is very low in European postmenopausal women. A greater awareness is needed to resolve this public health problem.

scholarly journals Proportion of Pancreatic Necrosis among Patients with Acute Pancreatitis and Association between High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL Cholesterol) and Pancreatic Necrosis – A Prospective Observational Study from Kerala, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 1489-1494
Author(s):  
Jayas Siby ◽  
Preetha S ◽  
Sindhu R.S
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Pancreatic Necrosis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is a very common disease and severe acute pancreatitis is life threatening and needs early identification. Current severity predicting indices in acute pancreatitis are cumbersome. There have been previous reports of low HDL cholesterol in life threatening acute pancreatitis. Previous studies in this regard were done in a single ethnicity population and needed to be validated in other ethnic groups. We wanted to estimate the proportion of pancreatic necrosis among the patients with acute pancreatitis attending Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. We also wanted to compare the mean HDL values in those who developed pancreatic necrosis and those who didn’t develop pancreatic necrosis and evaluate the association between HDL value measured 48 – 72 hours of onset of symptoms and pancreatic necrosis. METHODS This was a prospective observational study conducted among 271 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis in Government Medical College Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram. Consecutive sampling method was used. RESULTS There were 42 cases of pancreatic necrosis out of 271 cases. The mean HDL of those patients with pancreatic necrosis was found to be less than those without necrosis (P < 0.001). Mean HDL value among those having pancreatic necrosis was 17.7 whereas those without necrosis was 34.9. CONCLUSIONS Proportion of pancreatic necrosis was 15.5 %. The mean HDL measured at 48 hours of symptom onset among the necrotising pancreatitis patients was significantly low when compared to the non-necrotic group (17.7 vs 34.9). All the patients with pancreatic necrosis had their HDL less than 40. Thus, an inference that low HDL at 48 hours of symptom onset was associated with higher incidence of pancreatic necrosis and severe pancreatitis could be made. KEYWORDS Pancreatitis, HDL, Pancreatic Necrosis

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