scholarly journals Study on Prevalence of Trypanosomosis in Cattle of Sodo Zuriya District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nato Hundessa ◽  
Eshetu Esrael ◽  
Haben Fesseha ◽  
Mesfin Mathewos
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trypanosoma Species ◽  
Body Condition Scores

Background. Trypanosomosis is a significant impediment to Ethiopia’s livestock and farm production, adding adversely to the overall growth of agriculture in general and the nation’s food self-reliance efforts in particular. Methods. Cross-sectional research was performed on the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle and the distinction of Trypanosoma species and potential factors in six selected provinces of the Sodo zuriya district in southern Ethiopia. Blood samples from the ear vein of 400 local and exotic cattle species were taken randomly. A hematocrit reader was used after centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for a five-minute assessment of anemic conditions of animals, and the anemia of the thin blood spraying and buffy coat procedure was tested to assess the incidence, detection, and packaging of Trypanosoma and the cell volume of each sampled animal. Results. Accordingly, twenty cattle were positive for trypanosomosis, with an overall proportion of 5.0%. From this overall prevalence, Trypanosoma congolense (3.3%) and Trypanosoma vivax (1.8%) were the two common Trypanosoma species in this study. The highest and the lowest prevalence of trypanosomes occurred in Guttuto Larena (35%) and Dalbo Wogane (0.00%), respectively. Age-wise prevalence revealed that young adults (45%) were the most affected, followed by old adults (35%) and adults (20%). Cattle with poor body condition scores (65%) were the most affected, followed by cattle with medium (30%) and good (5%) body condition scores, and this was found to be statistically significant ( p ≤ 0.002 ). In addition, the variation in packed cell volume (PCV) between infected and noninfected cattle was significantly different ( p ≤ 0.0001 ). Conclusion. Thus, the present study revealed the predominance of bovine trypanosomosis in the region and had a significant effect on body condition and anemia growth. The government and public should then collaborate in parasite-observed areas on the disease’s management and prevention efforts in an environmentally sustainable way.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF BOVINE FACIOLOSIS IN HALABA MUNICIPAL ABATTOR SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Muna Abdella ◽  
WubitTafese Mhatebu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2015 to march 2016 on bovine fasciolosis, to assess the abattoir based prevalence, predominant species of bovine fasciolosis and associated risk factors of the disease in cattle slaughtered in Halaba municipal abattoir. A total of 384 cattle were examined using post mortem examination. Infection rates were (3.64%), 2.34%, 2.08%, and 1.82 % F. gigantic, F. hepatica, mixed and immature respectively with the overall prevalence of 9.88 % (38). F. gigantic was found to be the most prevalent species in cattle of the study area. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of fasciola infection was significantly higher in poor body condition animals than in medium and good body condition animals (p < 0.05). However, in terms of age, sex and breed, no statistically significant difference was found between infected animals (p > 0.05).The present study showed that bovine fasciolosis is one of the important pathogens in cattle in the study area and warrants appropriate disease prevention and control measures and further epidemiological investigations to determine the different agro ecological risk factors on the occurrence of the disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors for Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic among College Students in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4974
Author(s):  
Jing Guan ◽  
Cuiping Wu ◽  
Dandan Wei ◽  
Qingqing Xu ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Background: Knowledge of the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of college students remains limited. Our aim is to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and explore the potential risk and protective factors of anxiety. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was adopted and a total of 24,678 college students were included from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China, during February, 2020. Anxiety was assessed by using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder tool (GAD-7). Multiple logistic regression models were established for exploring potential factors of anxiety. Results: The overall prevalence of anxiety was 7.3%. After adjusting for potential confounders, sex, place of residence, worried level, fear level, cognitive levels, and behavior status were found to be associated with anxiety (p < 0.05). Students with positive preventive behaviors showed a protective effect against the anxiety symptoms compared to those with negative preventive behaviors. In contrast to the high-cognition category, participants at a low cognitive level were 14.9% more likely to present anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: This large-scale study assessed the prevalence of anxiety and its potential influencing factors among college students. It suggests that the government could strengthen health education related to COVID-19 and supervise the performance of preventive behaviors to handle anxiety.

scholarly journals Study on the Prevalence of Ovine Fasciolosis in Wadla Woreda, North Wollo, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yeshibely Girma
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sedimentation Technique ◽  
The Difference ◽  
North Wollo ◽  
Body Condition Scores

A cross - sectional study on the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis was conducted in Wadla district from October 2016 to June 2017. A total of 384 fecal samples were randomly collected directly from the rectum of individual animals. Parasitological investigation was performed using sedimentation technique. From a total of 384 copro - logical ly examined samples 130 sheep were found positive for fasciolosis with an overall prevalence of 33.85%. From the study peasant association Kone, Dorera, Betehar, Beteyohannis and Gashena were accounted for 34.61%, 32.47%, 32.89%, 35.06% and 34.21 % respect ively. The difference in the prevalence in the five peasant associations was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The prevalence of ovine fasciolosis was computed for the different age, sex and body condition categories. The prevalence rate of fasciolo sis in young sheep 32.43% was less than 34.75% and the difference were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The prevalence of fasciolosis in sex groups in the present study was 34.69%, 32.98% in female and male respectively. On the other hand in the pre sent study area the prevalence of fasciolosis was found to be higher in sheep with poor body condition than those with medium and good body conditions with prevalence of 36.5%, 33.88% and 27.03% respectively. There is no statistically difference (p>0.05) b etween three types of body condition scores. It was concluded that ovine fasciolosis was prevalent, thus causing major economic lass in the study area. Hence, control strategies targeted on the parasite and the intermediate hosts as well as implementation of appropriate grazing management in the study area are warranted.

scholarly journals Victimizations and surviving of workplace violence against waitresses in southern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261883
Author(s):  
Bewunetu Zewude ◽  
Tewodros Habtegiorgis
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

Women are obliged to take on vulnerable forms of employment that fail to protect their basic labor rights. Exposure to workplace violence is especially high for those women who work within the agriculture, the hotels, restaurants and catering, the transport as well as the manufacturing sectors. In this context, we explored workplace violence against women working as waitresses in various hotels, restaurants, cafeterias and grocery stores of Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia. Cross-sectional study was undertaken with descriptive and exploratory study designs. Qualitative data were collected by using in-depth interview method in which 16 waitresses were interviewed. Data were voice recorded, transcribed, and analyzed searching themes and patterns in the data. While we found that waitresses are highly exposed to workplace violence, the level of exposure to the violence varies across various circumstances, including working in large and small towns, the situation of the owners/supervisors, public’s insight of the position, waitresses’ ability to speak the local language, the role of the waitresses, customers’ behavior and the specific context in which waitresses work. Waitresses were generally exposed to all forms of violence including spitting, throwing objects, simple physical assault, touching on private parts, and intimidation, among which verbal abuse and emotional exploitations are found to be the most common. Furthermore, the results revealed that though waitresses rarely experienced violence from female customers, the most common perpetrators involved in the practice were males. Amid widespread exposure of waitresses to all forms of workplace violence, ignorance, mostly motivated by fear of losing one’s job, has been the common way waitresses respond to the violence. The study implies the vulnerability state of waitresses partly due to lack of adequate awareness regarding the rights and obligations expected of an employee when working in such organizations. This is again exacerbated by the lack of formal employment procedures in such organizations. Therefore, awareness creation and supervisory activities are expected from the media, workers’ and social security office of the government, police and other concerned bodies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Its Associated Risk Factor in Hawa Galan District, Kelem Wollega Zone of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Girma Tsegaye ◽  
Belay Abebe ◽  
Geremew Haile
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bovine Trypanosomosis ◽  
Study Population

An analytical cross-sectional study was performed between November 2015 and April 2016 at Hawa Galan woreda, Kelem Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, to estimate the proportion of cattle with trypanosomosis and to evaluate the elements associated with the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis. A haemoparasitological examination of the Buffy coat method was implemented to determine the proportion of trypanosomosis-positive cattle. A study population of 428 bovines was randomly selected from three peasant associations (PAs) and tested for the presence of the disease. Findings of the laboratory results indicate that among all animals tested at the study time, 26 (6%) animals were positive for the disease. Among the positive results, the proportion of trypanosome species was Trypanosoma congolense 18 (69.3%) and Trypanosoma vivax 8 (30.7%). The prevalence at the selected PAs was 12.5%, 3.8%, and 3% for Lemlem, Madawalkituma, and Ifajiru, respectively. From this finding, the relationship has a statistically significant variation ( P  < 0.05) among peasant associations and body condition state, and the proportion was significantly greater ( P  < 0.05) in animals categorized under poor body condition score. The relationships between age and sex of cattle show no statistically significant variation among them ( P  > 0.05). This study indicates that the proportion of trypanosomosis was greater in anemic (PCV<24%) cattle than nonanemic (PCV≥24%). Therefore, based on this finding, the proportion of bovine trypanosomosis is evident that can cause a major effect on the health of cattle in the study population in the study area. So, effective control methods could be applied to decrease the disease and its related economic loss.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Wheat Production in Row Planting and Broadcasting Methods: Empirical Evidence from Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assefa Ayele Anaye ◽  
Kassa Tarekegn Erkalo
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The Government

Abstract Introduction Ethiopia is the largest wheat producer in Sub-Saharan Africa and wheat is one of the major staple food crops in many parts of the country. However, due to technical and socioeconomic factors the productivity of wheat is below the estimated potential. As a result of this the country remains a net importer of wheat. To improve this problem, row planting of wheat with improved level of efficiency becomes more crucial. This study was aimed to measure technical efficiency, yield gap due to inefficiency and identify the factors that influence the efficiency levels of wheat producers’ row planting and broadcasting methods in Hadiya zone, southern Ethiopia. Cross sectional data from 203 farmers from both row planting and broadcasting methods were selected using multistage sampling procedure and analyzed using stochastic frontier Cobb–Douglas production. Results and Conclusions Descriptive results indicated that the average wheat output in row planting (3250 kg/ha) was 1360 kg/ha higher than in broadcasting (1890 kg/ha). The estimated results of the Cobb-Douglas frontier model shows that the mean technical efficiency was 83.4% and 57.8% under row planting and broadcasting respectively. About 646.882 kg/ha under row planting and 1393.038 kg/ha under broadcasting of wheat output was lost due to inefficiency. This reveals that under the existing practices there is a room to increase wheat yield more under broadcasting (42.2%) than row planting (16.6%) following the best-practiced farms in the study area. The SPF model indicates that NPS, urea, labor and seed, are significant determinants of wheat production level in both methods. The estimated SPF model together with the inefficiency parameters shows that education, age, fertility status of the plot, family size and extension contact negatively and significantly affected technical inefficiency whereas land fragmentation positively and significantly affected technical inefficiency of wheat farmers. Hence, emphasis should be given to improve the efficiency level of those less efficient farmers by adopting the practices of relatively efficient farmers in the area. Beside this, policies and strategies of the government should be directed towards the above mentioned determinants.

scholarly journals Level of Unintended Pregnancy and its Associated Factors among Currently Pregnant Women in Duguna Fango District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Firehiwot Danssa Getachew
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Few researchers in Ethiopia have studied issues related to unintended pregnancy and little has been discussed about its cause especially in the rural parts of the county. Moreover, efforts to reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy were very weak. Hence, there is a continued need for research, information sharing and documentation of efforts aimed at reducing unintended pregnancy. Hence the objective of this study is to measure the level of unintended pregnancy and identify associated factors among currently pregnant women in Duguna Fango Woreda, Wolaita Zone, South Ethiopia. Facility based Cross-sectional study method were instrumental under current study. Four hundred Seventy Seven (477) respondents were selected by systematic random sampling method from five health centers. Data collected through structured and pre-tested questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for the different risk factors. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.  It is concluded that, unintended pregnancy was found to be a major reproductive health problem in the study area and thus deserves priority attention. It is recommended that, different  partners  in  partnership  with  the  government  to  address  the  issue of improving income among women, improving their perception, empowerment, economic status and women  on reproductive health issues is encouraged.  

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

Relationship of Scabies With Pioderma: As a Risk Factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Yulia Farida Yahya ◽  
Fifa Argentina ◽  
Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Scabies Infestation

Scabies is a parasitic infestation of the skin, that is affecting on the low income and crowded community in many tropical countries, especially developing countries such as Indonesia. Scabies infestation increases the incidence of secondary pyoderma include impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, ecthyma, abscess. Secondary pyoderma is a skin infection disease mainly caused by     group A Streptococcus (GAS) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA). Pyoderma is a risk factor for the glomerulonephritis infection, rheumatic diseases, which significantly increases morbidity and mortality, causing the government burden. The aim of this study is  determining the etiology and correlation of pyoderma infection in scabies patient. To determine sosio-demographic included sex, age in pediatric patients in primary schools (SD) in the district of Kertapati Palembang. The study design was cross sectional, and study samples were new scabies patients in the elementary school (age 6-14-year-old) with or without pyoderma. Clinical findings included history, physical examination and diagnostic procedure, which was investigation of skin scraping specimen material (SSB = skin surface biopsy) in confirmation with dermoscopic polar examination (DS) to show Sarcoptes scabiei mites. Microbiological examination with Gram stain identified the etiology of pyoderma.  Results of this study shows that there was a significance relationship between scabies infestation and pyoderma in children in elementary school. Staphylococcus aureus dan GAS are the most common caused of pyoderma in pediatric patients with scabies. Conclusion is there is a significant correlation between scabies and pyoderma. There is  a need to provide scabies and pyoderma medication at primary care health center as well as counseling for prevention in Palembang area with crowded population periodically.  

Analisis Faktor Determinan Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Oleh Bidan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Novita ◽  
Gusman Arsyad
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Implementation of IMD in hospitals has decreased from the previous year and has not reached the target set by the government. Some IMD implementation processes have not been carried out according to applicable standards. So that babies do not get an IMD in accordance with existing SOPs. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors associated with the implementation of the IMD by midwives in the Midwifery and Maternity Room Emergency Room (IGD) at the Anutapura General Hospital in Palu. This research method is analytical with cross sectional approach. The population of this study was that all midwives in the obstetrics emergency room and maternity room at Anutapura Palu Hospital were 37 respondents. The sample in this study is total sampling. The analysis used was univariate, and bivariate analysis using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results of statistical tests on variable knowledge of midwives with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.018 (p value <0.05). APN training with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.697 (p value> 0.05). length of work with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.029 (p value <0.05). and peer support with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.007 (p value <0.05). Conclusions there is a relationship between knowledge, length of work, peer support with the implementation of the IMD, and training factors that have nothing to do with IMD implementation. The strongest factor in the relationship is peer support. It is recommended that the Anutarapura Palu Hospital be able to motivate midwives so that they can further enhance their role in the implementation and provide support to their colleagues so that the implementation of the IMD can be carried out in accordance with applicable standards.Keywords: Knowledge, APN Training, Duration of work, Implementation of IMD

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document