Shifting Political Terrains in “The City by the Bay” (“海湾之城” 政治角力转向 )

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-215
Author(s):  
James S. Lai (賴士宏)
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Chinese American ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Mayoral Election ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Significant Factors

While the unchallenged November 2015 re-election of San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee was a telling moment in contemporary San Francisco politics, it was Mayor Ed Lee’s inaugural November 2011 election that revealed the shifting political terrains across its eleven Board of Supervisor districts that will likely shape the future role that Chinese Americans will play in the governing coalition of the “City by the Bay.” In the November 2011 San Francisco mayoral election, Ed Lee became the first Chinese American to be elected to lead this city. Despite the common explanation that Lee’s historic victory was due to the city’s first time use of the controversial ranked-choice voting (rcv) system, this study argues that whilercvwas an important factor in Lee’s election, other significant factors played a more prominent role. In particular, the two convergences taking shape between Chinese Americans/Asian Americans and the moderate governing coalition along the axes of Race/Space and Identity/Ideology were more significant to the outcome of Lee’s election than thercvprocess. In addition, the other significant factors that contributed to Ed Lee’s monumental election in 2011 include his previous public-service experience as a moderate coalition builder and the role of Chinese American community elites that advocated for the endorsement of Lee in both public and private settings with key moderate coalition leaders.尽管李孟贤在 2015 年 11 月的地方选举中毫无悬念地顺利连任足以载入旧金山当代政治史册，追本溯源，其在4年前首次参选改变了旧金山监事会的政治力量对比，塑造了华人参政的未来。2011年11月，李当选为该市有史以来第一位华裔民选市长。李的历史性胜利，通常被认为是由于首次使用有争议的排列选择投票（rcv）制度所致。这项研究认为，尽管rcv是李当选的一个重要因素，但其他因素的作用也是不可忽视的，尤其是华裔/亚裔美国人与其他族裔群体围绕种族/空间以及族裔身份认同/意识形态的轴心而形成的温和执政联盟，对于李的竞选胜利比rcv起到更为显著的作用。此外，促成李孟贤在 2011 年市长大选胜利的其他显著因素还包括他以前的公共服务业绩，他本人在建构温和执政联盟中的所扮演的领导角色以及华人社区对他在不同场合中的温和政治主张的认同和大力支持。This article is in English.

scholarly journals Contribution of private gardens to habitat availability, connectivity and conservation of the common pipistrelle in Paris

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mimet ◽  
Christian Kerbiriou ◽  
Laurent Simon ◽  
Jean-François Julien ◽  
Richard Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
List Type ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Common ◽  
The City

AbstractUrban sprawl is one of the greatest global changes with major negative impacts on biodiversity and human well-being. Recent policies have acknowledged the value of urban green areas in counterbalancing such impacts. These policies aim to increase the ecological value of green areas, making cities more permeable to natural populations. However, they are largely focused on the role and management of public green areas, ignoring the role and potential of private green areas for urban ecological value.This study aims to evaluate the benefits of considering private green areas for conservation efforts in cities. Using data on bat activity and information on vegetation and building height, we quantify the respective role of public and private green areas in habitat availability and connectivity for the common pipistrelle in the city of Paris, France. Our results show that despite the low proportion of private green areas in Paris (36% of the total green areas), they still contributed up to 47.9% of bat habitat availability and decrease the resistance of the city matrix by 88%. The distribution in the city matrix and vegetation composition of those areas appeared especially beneficial for bat habitat availability and connectivity. The study demonstrates the importance of private green areas in the ecological value of cities in complementing the role of public green areas. Our results confirm the need to develop more inclusive urban conservation strategies that include both public and private stakeholders.HighlightsThe urban ecological value of private gardens outweighs that of public gardensThis is true for both habitat availability and connectivityBiodiversity policies in cities should also focus on private green areasInclusive conservation strategies are also needed in cities

scholarly journals The role of the nurse in the neonatal intensive care unit: between the ideal, the real and the possible

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liciane Langona Montanholi ◽  
Miriam Aparecida Barbosa Merighi ◽  
Maria Cristina Pinto de Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals ◽  
The City ◽  
Social Phenomenology ◽  
The Ideal

The nurse is one of the professionals responsible for the care directed toward the physical, mental and social development of newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. This study aimed to comprehend the experience of nurses working in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Data collection was performed in 2008, through interviews with 12 nurses working in public and private hospitals of the city of São Paulo. The units of meaning identified were grouped into three categories: Developing actions; Perceiving their actions and Expectations. The analysis was based on social phenomenology. It was concluded that the overload of activities, the reduced number of staff, the lack of materials, equipment and the need for professional improvement are the reality of the work of the nurse in this sector. To supervise the care is the possible; integral care of the newborn, involving the parents, is the ideal desired.

scholarly journals Assessing Terrorism Threats to New Zealand: The role of the Combined Threat Assessment Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Threat Level ◽  
Terrorism Threat ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time ◽  
Threat Assessments

This article has been produced by the Combined Threat Assessment Group (CTAG). It provides in detail, and publicly for the first time, a genuinely informed explanation for the origins and function of CTAG. It covers the nature and challenge of threat assessment, the methodology applied as well various iterations of the threat assessments that are undertaken. This leads on to an explanation of how New Zealand’s National Terrorism Threat Level is set. Overall, this article provides an informative and well-rounded explanation of the components that comprise the National Terrorism Threat Level and makes for essential reading for wider public service, academic, and security conscious public and private institutions across the country.

scholarly journals O Papel do Apoiador Escolar na Educação Inclusiva / The Importance of the School Supporter in Inclusive Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 592-600
Author(s):  
Sara Mariza dos Santos ◽  
Kennya De Lima Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Educational Networks ◽  
Educational Inclusion ◽  
Random Groups ◽  
The City

Resumo:  A educação inclusiva é conhecida como uma forma de trabalhar com crianças com necessidades especiais no ambiente escolar. Vista de forma mais ampla, ela tem o papel de acolher a diversidade e dar assistência a todos os estudantes, pois o objetivo da inclusão educacional é acabar com a exclusão social. O trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar as dificuldades encontradas pelos professores apoiadores das salas de aula, saber qual o suporte e formação que recebe para atuar. Além disso, a pesquisa possibilita compreender a realidade da inclusão a partir de redes de ensino diferentes, a pública e a privada. A metodologia aplicada incluiu dados da observação da sala de aula no intuito de narrar e analisar o cotidiano do “professor apoiador escolar”. O trabalho foi realizado na Cidade de Salgueiro/PE, e em Umãs/PE, com apoiadores escolares de três escolas, os participantes foram apoiadores escolhidos em turmas aleatórias, em um total de 10 apoiadores de sala de aula.---Inclusive education is known as a way of working with children with special needs in the school environment. Viewed more broadly, it has the role of welcoming diversity and providing assistance to all students, as the objective of educational inclusion is to end social exclusion. The research work aims to assess the difficulties encountered by supportive teachers in the classroom, to know what support and training they receive to act. In addition, the research makes it possible to understand the reality of inclusion from different educational networks, public and private. The methodology applied included data from classroom observation in order to narrate and analyze the daily life of the “supporting school teacher”. The work was carried out in the City of Salgueiro/PE, and in Umãs/PE, with school supporters from three schools, the participants were supporters chosen in random groups, in a total of 10 classroom supporters.

scholarly journals N.V. Gogol’s Works and Censorship

Literary Fact ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 238-256
Author(s):  
Igor A. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time

For the first time, an analytical review of all, without exception, censorship stories of N.V. Gogol’s works is presented. An objective picture of Gogol's relationship with the censorship is being recreated. The findings of the study allow, with good reason, to judge about the interference of censors in the writer's works in a fundamentally different way, in comparison with the ideas offered by literary criticism of the previous period without solid evidence. Based on a thorough analysis, involving numerous archival sources, the common, stereotypical opinions about the extremely negative role of censorship in Gogol’s fate are being revised. The most significant negative result among all censorship interventions in Gogol's works was the activity of the censor of Westernizing views, opposed to the government, a professor at St. Petersburg University, A.V. Nikitenko. It is the numerous reductions of Nikitenko, И.А. Виноградов. Произведения Н .В. Гоголя и цензура 255 a friend of V.G. Belinsky, in Gogol's religious and patriotic book “Selected Passages from Correspondence with Friends” that the writer called “censorship murder”. No less significant was the intervention of the liberal censor in the texts of “Dead Souls”, “Theatrical Travel after the Presentation of a New Comedy” and other works of the writer. It is concluded that, with the exception of this “intrigue” against Gogol by the censor Nikitenko, on the whole Gogol's texts encountered relatively insignificant difficulties in censorship.

There’s Gonna Be Flames, There’s Gonna Be Fighting, There’s Gonna Be Rebellion!

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Myers Asch ◽  
George Derek Musgrove
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Mayoral Election ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Mount Pleasant ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The chapter charts the decade between the April 1968 riots and Marion Barry’s victory in the 1978 mayoral election. The nation’s capital witnessed a remarkable political revolution during this unpredictable period of citizen-driven politics, cultural and political experimentation, and swift change. D.C. gained a measure of local power for the first time in nearly a century, and Washingtonians of all races – including a growing Hispanic community in the Adams Morgan/Mount Pleasant neighborhoods – pushed for self-determination, community control, and participatory democracy. The transformation was tumultuous, marked by devastating riots, surging crime, and middle-class flight from the city. Politics was often uncivil and chaotic as Washingtonians struggled to be heard in a clamorous era marked by attacks on authorities – Congress, the police, city planners, developers, and others. But for city residents unused to local political power – and particularly for black Washingtonians – it was a thrilling, hopeful time.

The Relationship between Disability Non-Discrimination Law and Quota Schemes

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-117
Author(s):  
Lisa Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Common ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between disability quota schemes and non-discrimination law in Europe. While at first sight they seem to sit uneasily beside each other, the chapter reveals how, in some instances, quota schemes can serve to facilitate compliance with non-discrimination legislation. At the same time, the chapter explores seeming incompatibilities between the two approaches and considers whether there are differences between common and civil law jurisdictions in this respect. Tentative conclusions suggest that there is a greater willingness to establish quota schemes through legislation in civil law jurisdictions compared to common law jurisdictions, and that quota schemes in civil law jurisdictions are more likely to provide for the imposition of a levy in the case that employers fail to meet their quota obligations through employing the required number of people with disabilities. There also seems to be some indication that there is greater awareness of the potential for conflict or tension, in various forms, between non-discrimination law and quota schemes in common law jurisdictions than in civil law jurisdictions. Finally, the two schemes operating in the common law states are only applicable to the public sector—whilst in civil law states quotas are generally applied to both public and private sector employers. This may indicate different perceptions regarding the role of public sector employers and the legitimacy of imposing quota requirements.

scholarly journals Perspective trends in financing of housing-and-communal services

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Definite Answer ◽  
The City ◽  
Public And Private Partnerships

The article is devoted to the matters of public-and-private partnerships in the field of housing-and-communal services. The author recognizes, that sustainable urban development requires effective funding with the leading role of municipal finances. At the same time, financing of housing-and-communal sector through the municipal budget only would be too burdensome, while the use of the public-and-private partnership scheme has proved to be the good solution of this problem. However, there is no definite answer: whether the housing-and-communal sector is the most developed zone of public-and-private partnership or, on the contrary, it is an obscure and ineffective zone. The author analyzes the Russian experience of use of the public-and-private partnership scheme in the field of housing-and-communal services and reveals the main problems, which prevent the attraction of the private capital to this sphere. Such rather new trends as so called "box decisions" and "pool" securitization of infrastructure projects are considered in the article. According to the author, the use of these options could contribute to the development of housing-and-communal sector and the city infrastructure as well as the urban development as whole.

scholarly journals It’s All in the Reading

Arts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Déirdre Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

It seems inherent in the nature of contemporary artist’s book production to continue to question the context for the genre in contemporary art practice, notwithstanding the medium’s potential for dissemination via mass production and an unquestionable advantage of portability for distribution. Artists, curators and editors operating in this sector look to create contexts for books in a variety of imaginative ways, through exhibition, commission, installations, performance and, of course as documentation. Broadening the discussion of the idea of the book within contemporary art practice, this paper examines the presence and role of book works within the context of the art biennale, in particular the Venice Art Biennale of which the 58th iteration (2019) is entitled ‘May You Live In Interesting Times’ and curated by Ralph Rugoff, with an overview of the independent International cultural offerings and the function of the ‘Book Pavilion’. Venetian museums and institutions continue to present vibrant diverse works within the arena of large-scale exhibitions, recognising the position that the book occupies in the history of the city. This year, the appearance for the first time, of ‘Book Biennale’, opens up a new and interesting dialogue, taking the measure of how the book is being promoted and its particular function for visual communication within the arts in Venice and beyond.

Who Ya Gonna Call? The Police as Problem-Busters

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Eck ◽  
William Spelman
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Problem Oriented Policing ◽  
The City

Current police practice is dominated by two, competing strategies—“community policing” and “crime control policing.” Both are limited: they each apply a standard set of police tactics to a wide variety of differing circumstances; they focus on incidents, rather than the underlying problems which cause these incidents. Recently, two police departments have developed an alternative. Through “problem-oriented policing,” officers focus on these underlying causes. They collect information from numerous sources, and enlist the support of a wide variety of public and private agencies and individuals in their attempts to solve problems. Case studies in these departments show that use of the problem-oriented approach can substantially reduce crime and fear. In the long run, problem-oriented policing will require changes in management structure, the role of the police in the community and the city bureaucracy, and the limits of police authority.

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